Energy Harvester Based on Magnetomechanical Effect as a Power Source for Multi-node Wireless Network

This work is focused on the development of new kind of energy harvesters that could be used in various applications including industrial, aerospace, or customer markets. The main aspect to consider is transformation of different sources of energy (that in normal conditions is wasted such as temperature, vibration, shock, etc.) into the usable electric power. The goal was to prepare wireless subsystem based on energy-harvesting technology which will aid different areas. The energy-harvesting devices are shown as small harvesting devices with power output from 10 mW up to 5 W. Proposed solutions might be used in applications such as low-power microprocessor systems, ultrasonic continuous power supply for low-power wireless network systems, and multi-node harvester systems that allow to collect more electrical power for critical structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The main purpose was to obtain from harvesters the sufficient values for supplying the chosen 32-bit microcontroller systems. Additionally possible application in mechanic for the other than magneto-based solid harvesters is described

Development of Resonators with Reversible Magnetostrictive Effect for Applications as Actuators and Energy Harvesters

This chapter presents the methodology of designing and testing wideband actuators and energy harvesters which can be treated as one device called a mechanical resonator. In order to obtain described effects, the magnetostriction phenomenon was used. This effect enables the construction of resonators in selected frequency bands, including the ultrasonic range. Cores made of giant magnetostrictive materials (GMM) were used for the construction. Considerable attention was given to composite cores to reduce the weight of pure Terfenol-D. The influence of the volume fraction of Terfenol-D powder, the size of its grains, and the direction of polarization on the value of magnetostriction in a wide frequency band were investigated. The magnetostriction of composite cores and solid Terfenol-D samples was also compared. The structure and the use of magnetostrictive cores containing a combination of NdFeB magnets and pure Terfenol-D are also presented. An important issue was also the development of our own methodology of magnetostriction testing, including the use of fiber optic sensors (Fiber Bragg Grating sensors, FBGs), Hall’s sensors, and the original measuring system for magnetic field visualization (Magscanner). The chapter also discusses several own designs of actuators and energy harvesters, including shock harvester, resonant harvester, and energy transmission system

Cardiovascular complications after radiotherapy

Over the past decades, effective cancer therapies have resulted in a significant improvement in thesurvival rates for a number of cancers and an increase in the number of cancer survivors. Radiationtherapy is widely used in the treatment of cancer, and it can induce various cardiotoxicities that differconsiderably from chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. They occur primarily as late radiation-inducedcomplications, several years from the end of anticancer treatment and present as coronary artery disease,heart failure, pericardial disease, valvular heart disease and arrhythmias. Patients who recoveredfrom cancer disease suffer from cardiac complications of anticancer treatment, it affects the quality oftheir lives and life expectancy, especially if the diagnosis is delayed. These patients may present distinctsymptoms of cardiac injury, resulting from radiation-induced neurotoxicity and altered pain perception,which makes diagnosis difficult. This review highlights the need for a screening programme for patientswho have undergone radiation therapy and which will subsequently have a potentially profound impacton morbidity and mortality

Wurtzite vs rock-salt MnSe epitaxy: electronic and altermagnetic properties

Newly discovered altermagnets are magnetic materials exhibiting both compensated magnetic order, similar to antiferromagnets, and simultaneous non-relativistic spin-splitting of the bands, akin to ferromagnets. This characteristic arises from the specific symmetry operations that connect the spin sublattices. In this report, we show with ab initio calculations that the semiconductive MnSe exhibits altermagnetic spin-splitting in the wurtzite phase as well as a critical temperature well above room temperature. It is the first material from such space group identified to possess altermagnetic properties. Furthermore, we demonstrate experimentally through structural characterization techniques that it is possible to obtain thin films of both the intriguing wurtzite phase of MnSe and the more common rock-salt MnSe using molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates. The choice of buffer layers plays a crucial role in determining the resulting phase and consequently extends the array of materials available for the physics of altermagnetism

Synthesis and (spectro)electrochemistry of mixedvalent diferrocenyl–dihydrothiopyran derivatives

Three novel diferrocenyl complexes were prepared and characterised. 2,2-Diferrocenyl-4,5-dimethyl- 3,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran (1, sulphide) was accessible by the hetero-Diels–Alder reaction of diferrocenyl thioketone with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Stepwise oxidation of 1 gave the respective oxides 2,2- diferrocenyl-4,5-dimethyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-1-oxide (2, sulfoxide) and 2,2-diferrocenyl-4,5- dimethyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxide (3, sulfone), respectively. The molecular structures of 1 and 3 in the solid state were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The oxidation of sulphide 1 to sulfone 3, plays only a minor role on the overall structure of the two compounds. Electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry (= CV), square wave voltammetry (= SWV)) and spectroelectrochemical (in situ UV-Vis/NIR spectroscopy) studies were carried out. The CV and SWV measurements showed that an increase of the sulphur atom oxidation from −2 in 1 to +2 in 3 causes an anodic shift of the ferrocenylbased oxidation potentials of about 100 mV. The electrochemical oxidation of 1–3 generates mixedvalent cations 1+–3+. These monooxidised species display low-energy electronic absorption bands between 1000 and 3000 nm assigned to IVCT (= Inter-Valence Charge Transfer) electronic transitions. Accordingly, the mixed-valent cations 1+–3+ are classified as weakly coupled class II systems according to Robin and Day.Authors (K. K. and G. M.) thank the National Science Centre (Poland) for financial support (Project Maestro-3; Dec-2012/06/ A/ST5/00219) and R. C. thanks the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) for support. The support from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) in the framework of the exchange program “Ostpartnerschaften” is highly appreciated

Influence of Terfenol-D Powder Volume Fraction in Epoxy Matirx Composites on their Magnetomechanical Properies

In this paper the investigations of magnetostriction as well as DC magnetic properties for composites doped with Terfenol-D particles are presented. All investigations were performed for the materials with 35%, 46% and 70% volume fraction of the Terfenol-D particles surrounded by epoxy matrix. Moreover, the bulk Terfenol-D alloy was tested. The obtained results show that the magnetization of the composite materials increases with increasing the volume fraction of Terfenol-D particles. Similar dependence as for magnetization was observed for the magnetostriction measurements. Although the magnetostriction of composite material is smaller than for solid Terfenol-D it is still tens of times bigger than in case of traditional magnetostrictive materials. Obtained results gives opportunity to use these materials for variety applications such as actuators and sensors