Development of an algorithm for examination of the association of asteroids to families

Glavni cilj ove disertacije je unapredenje pristupa identikaciji clanova familija asteroida metodom hijerarhijskog grupisanja. U proceduru se dodaje novi korak koji omogucava smanjenje tzv. lancanog efekta. Uvedeni algoritam se sastoji od cetiri glavna koraka. U prvom se primenom metode hijerarhijskog grupisanja na inicijalnom katalogu sopstvenih elemenata odreduje preliminarna lista clanova. U drugom koraku, koristeci poznate zicke karakteristike potencijalnih clanova, a na osnovu denisanih kriterijuma, identikuju se uljezi. U trecem koraku, identikovani uljezi se izbacuju iz inicijalnog kataloga sopstvenih orbitalnih elemenata cime se dobija novi, modikovani katalog. Konacno, u cetvrtom koraku ponovo se primenjuje metoda hijerarhijskog grupisanja, ali ovaj put na modikovanom katalogu sopstvenih elemenata. Pokazano je da se na ovaj nacin znacajno smanjuje broj potencijalnih uljeza u familijama asteroida. Osim toga data je kriticka analiza dobijenih rezultata, kao i detaljan prikaz nekih specicnih slucajeva. Takode, razvijen je i onlajn portal (Asteroids Families Portal; AFP) koji omogucava dostupnost ove metode siroj naucnoj zajednici. Drugi cilj disertacije je odredivanje granice za primenu metode integracije unazad, kojom se procenjuje starost mladih familija asteroida. Taj cilj je postignut upotrebom numerickih simulacija evolucije test familije. Odredivanjem trenutka grupisanja sekularnih uglova i $, ustanovljena je linearna zavisnost izmedu dubine minimuma grupisanja i starosti familije. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, metoda integracije unazad moze se uspesno primeniti na familije koje nisu starije od 18 miliona godina.The main goal of this dissertation is improvement of an approach for identi- cation of the members of asteroid families, based on the hierarchical clustering method. An additional step is introduced in order to reduce a so-called chaining eect. The introduced algorithm consists of four main steps. In the rst step, the hierarchical clustering method is applied to the initial catalogue of proper elements in order to obtain a preliminary list of family members. In the second step, using available physical properties, and based upon the dened criteria, the interlopers are identied. In the third step, objects identied as interlopers in the second step, are excluded from the initial catalogue of proper orbital elements, producing a modied catalogue. Finally, in the fourth step, the HCM analysis is performed again, but this time using the modied catalogue of proper elements. It is shown that in this way a number of potential interlopers among family members is signicantly reduced. Moreover, an on-line based portal (Asteroids Families Portal; AFP) to apply this procedure is developed, and is freely available to all interested researchers. The second goal of the dissertation is to determine the limitations of the backward integration method, used for estimation of ages of young asteroid families. This aim is achieved through numerical simulations of the evolution of a ctitious family. By determining instants of secular angles i$ clustering, a linear relationship is found between the depth of a clustering and the age of a family. According to the obtained results, the backward integration method could be successfully applied to families not older than 18 Myrs

Relative-coordinate determination for visual double stars by applying Fourier transforms

We discuss the software developed for the purpose of determining the relative coordinates (position angle θ and separation ρ) for visual double or multiple stars. It is based on application of Fourier transforms in treating CCD frames of these systems. The objective was to determine the relative coordinates automatically to an extent as large as possible. In this way the time needed for the reduction of many CCD frames becomes shorter. The capabilities and limitations of the software are examined. Besides, the possibility of improving is also considered. The software has been tested and checked on a sample consisting of CCD frames of 165 double or multiple stars obtained with the 2m telescope at NAO Rozhen in Bulgaria in October 2011. The results have been compared with the corresponding results obtained by applying different software and the agreement is found to be very good

Influence of different genotypes on trypsin inhibitor levels and activity in soybeans

This study describes the relationship between the two major trypsin inhibitors (TI) in soybean, i.e., the Kunitz (KTI) and Bowman-Birk (BBI) trypsin inhibitors, as well as between them and the corresponding trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA). Twelve investigated soybean genotypes showed significant differences in TI levels and TIA. A very strong positive correlation was found between the levels of KTI and total BBI (r = 0.94, P lt 0.05). No relationship was found between KTI, BBI or total TI and TIA. Based on this data, it appears that the levels of major TI in soybean are related. Understanding the relationship between trypsin inhibitors and their activities could be useful for further improvement of the health impacts of soy proteins

Technological Properties of Model System Beef Emulsions with Encapsulated Pumpkin Seed Oil and Shell Powder

The aim of this research was to examine the technological properties of beef emulsions in which fatty tissue was partially substituted with pumpkin seed oil (PSO) encapsulated in alginate or pectin matrix, and where phosphates (F treatments) were simultaneously substituted with shell powder (C treatments). Fat replacement (in the amount of 25%) mostly had no significant influence on pH, cooking loss, purge loss, fluid release under pressure, residual nitrite level, and texture properties. On the other hand, higher yellowness and hue angle were observed when backfat was replaced with encapsulated PSO, but only in treatments with phosphates. The use of shell powder as a phosphate replacer led to significantly higher pH values and thus to significantly higher residual nitrite level: 70.87-74.64 mg/kg (C treatments) is. 56.79-62.16 mg/kg (F treatments). The nitrite depletion rate during the seven-week storage was lower in C treatments. Moreover. higher lightness, yellowness and hue angle could be expected, as well as lower hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness. For the most part, seven-week storage had no influence on the observed technological properties, except on colour properties in which an opposite trend was observed in terms of yellowness - increase in treatments with phosphates and decrease in treatments with shell powder. Further research, which would include sensory analysis, should be conducted to determine how these altered colour and textural properties will be perceived by consumers

The LSST Era of Supermassive Black Hole Accretion Disk Reverberation Mapping

peer reviewedThe Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will detect an unprecedentedly large sample of actively accreting supermassive black holes with typical accretion disk (AD) sizes of a few light days. This brings us to face challenges in the reverberation mapping (RM) measurement of AD sizes in active galactic nuclei using interband continuum delays. We examine the effect of LSST cadence strategies on AD RM using our metric AGN_TimeLagMetric. It accounts for redshift, cadence, the magnitude limit, and magnitude corrections for dust extinction. Running our metric on different LSST cadence strategies, we produce an atlas of the performance estimations for LSST photometric RM measurements. We provide an upper limit on the estimated number of quasars for which the AD time lag can be computed within 0 1000 sources in each deep drilling field (DDF; (10 deg2)) in any filter, with the redshift distribution of these sources peaking at z ≍ 1. We find the LSST observation strategies with a good cadence (≲5 days) and a long cumulative season (~9 yr), as proposed for LSST DDF, are favored for the AD size measurement. We create synthetic LSST light curves for the most suitable DDF cadences and determine RM time lags to demonstrate the impact of the best cadences based on the proposed metric

From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST science. To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners, and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300 applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems. This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms, software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST science.Comment: White paper from "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" worksho

From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST

editorial reviewedThe Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST science. To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners, and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300 applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems. This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms, software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST science

Development of an algorithm for examination of the association of asteroids to families

Glavni cilj ove disertacije je unapredenje pristupa identikaciji clanova familija asteroida metodom hijerarhijskog grupisanja. U proceduru se dodaje novi korak koji omogucava smanjenje tzv. lancanog efekta. Uvedeni algoritam se sastoji od cetiri glavna koraka. U prvom se primenom metode hijerarhijskog grupisanja na inicijalnom katalogu sopstvenih elemenata odreduje preliminarna lista clanova. U drugom koraku, koristeci poznate zicke karakteristike potencijalnih clanova, a na osnovu denisanih kriterijuma, identikuju se uljezi. U trecem koraku, identikovani uljezi se izbacuju iz inicijalnog kataloga sopstvenih orbitalnih elemenata cime se dobija novi, modikovani katalog. Konacno, u cetvrtom koraku ponovo se primenjuje metoda hijerarhijskog grupisanja, ali ovaj put na modikovanom katalogu sopstvenih elemenata. Pokazano je da se na ovaj nacin znacajno smanjuje broj potencijalnih uljeza u familijama asteroida. Osim toga data je kriticka analiza dobijenih rezultata, kao i detaljan prikaz nekih specicnih slucajeva. Takode, razvijen je i onlajn portal (Asteroids Families Portal; AFP) koji omogucava dostupnost ove metode siroj naucnoj zajednici. Drugi cilj disertacije je odredivanje granice za primenu metode integracije unazad, kojom se procenjuje starost mladih familija asteroida. Taj cilj je postignut upotrebom numerickih simulacija evolucije test familije. Odredivanjem trenutka grupisanja sekularnih uglova i $, ustanovljena je linearna zavisnost izmedu dubine minimuma grupisanja i starosti familije. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, metoda integracije unazad moze se uspesno primeniti na familije koje nisu starije od 18 miliona godina.The main goal of this dissertation is improvement of an approach for identi- cation of the members of asteroid families, based on the hierarchical clustering method. An additional step is introduced in order to reduce a so-called chaining eect. The introduced algorithm consists of four main steps. In the rst step, the hierarchical clustering method is applied to the initial catalogue of proper elements in order to obtain a preliminary list of family members. In the second step, using available physical properties, and based upon the dened criteria, the interlopers are identied. In the third step, objects identied as interlopers in the second step, are excluded from the initial catalogue of proper orbital elements, producing a modied catalogue. Finally, in the fourth step, the HCM analysis is performed again, but this time using the modied catalogue of proper elements. It is shown that in this way a number of potential interlopers among family members is signicantly reduced. Moreover, an on-line based portal (Asteroids Families Portal; AFP) to apply this procedure is developed, and is freely available to all interested researchers. The second goal of the dissertation is to determine the limitations of the backward integration method, used for estimation of ages of young asteroid families. This aim is achieved through numerical simulations of the evolution of a ctitious family. By determining instants of secular angles i$ clustering, a linear relationship is found between the depth of a clustering and the age of a family. According to the obtained results, the backward integration method could be successfully applied to families not older than 18 Myrs