Fenotipska varijabilnost osobina plodnosti čistorasnih krmača u prva tri prašenja

Investigation of the phenotypic variability of fertility traits was performed on Swedish Landrace sows (926 sows) deriving from single herd in Serbia. Data was processed by method of least squares (Harvey, 1990), and following fixed factors were included into the model: sire, season, litter genotype and order of farrowing, as well as regression effect of age at first farrowing, duration of lactation and number of reared (raised) piglets per litter. Traits of litter size varied (P lt 0.01) under the influence of sire and order of parities (first two parities). Number of still born as well as reared piglets per litter depended on the litter genotype (P lt 0.01). Year and season had no effect on variation of litter size traits except LWW (first two and three parities). Age of sows at first farrowing demonstrated linear effect (P lt 0.01) on size of their litter at farrowing (first three parities). Litter size and weight at weaning were under regression effect of lactation duration as well as corrected litter size (CLS) or number of weaned piglets (NW).Ispitivanje fenotipske varijabilnosti osobina plodnosti krmača rase švedski landras sprovedeno je u jednom zapatu svinja u Srbiji. Podaci su analizirani primenom različitih modela metoda najmanjih kvadrata (Harvey, 1990), u koje su bili uključeni sledeći fiksni uticaji: otac, godina, sezona, genotip legla i redosled prašenja, kao i regresijski uticaji uzrasta pri prvom prašenju, trajanja laktacije i broja gajene prasadi u leglu. Istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno 926 krmača i njihova 926 prva, 1598 prva dva i 2115 prva tri prašenja. Prosečna ispoljenost trajanja perioda od zalučenja do estrusa i oplodnje (W-E i W-C), broja živorođene (NBA), ukupnorođene (TNB), mrtvoroĐene (NSB) i odgajene prasadi (NW) kao i mase legla pri zalučenju (LWW) u prvom, prva dva i prva tri prašenja je bila: 9.77, 8.51, 7.80; 23.77, 20.98, 19.49; 8.31, 8.91, 9.19; 8.87, 9.46, 9.78; 0.56, 0.54, 0.51; 7.57, 8.04, 8.24 i 52.43, 58.18, 61.10, respektivno. Osobine veličine legla su varirale (P lt 0.01) pod uticajem oca i redosleda prašenja (prva dva prašenja). Broj mrtvorođene kao i odgajene prasadi u leglu zavisili su od genotipa legla (P lt 0.01). Godina i sezona nisu uticale na variranje osobina veličine legla osim na LWW (prva dva i tri prašenja). Uzrast krmača pri prvom prašenju ispoljio je linearan uticaj (P lt 0.01) na veličinu njihovih legala pri prašenju (prva tri prašenja). Veličina i masa legla pri zaluženju su bili pod regresijskim uticajem trajanja laktacije, korigovane veličine legla (CLS) ili broja odgajene prasadi (NW)

Fiksni deo modela za procenu priplodne vrednosti svinja na osnovu veličine legla

The goal of this paper was to investigate the effect of various fixed effects on the number of born alive piglets in litter (NBA), based on results of Swedish Landrace sow fertility on three farms in Serbia, in order to determine the best adapted model for assessing genetic parameters and breeding value. Analysis of phenotipic variability of the NBA of Swedish Landrace sows was carried out based on fertility results on three swine farms (A, B and C) in the Republic of Serbia. Data sets encompassed reproduction indicators for 2803 (A), 1826 (B) and 2235 (C) sows, i.e. their 11014, 6757 and 8452 litters, respectively. For this analysis was used fix model of least square method which includes fixed effects of farrowing number, season of conception shown as combination of year and month, litter genotype, duration of previous period from weaning to conception, effect of sow age at farrowing like quadratic regression nested within farrowing number and linear regression influence of duration of previous lactation. The average NBA was within the interval from 9.13 (A) to 9.76 piglets (B and C). The monitored trait statistically highly significantly (p lt 0.001) varied under the effect of all systematic factors encompassed by the applied model, regardless of the source of analyzed data, Only the linear regression effect of duration of previous lactation for farm B was assessed as having lower statistical significance (p lt 0.05).Cilj ovoga rada bio je da se ispita uticaj različitih sistematskih faktora na variranje broja živorođene prasadi u leglu (BŽP) radi određivanja najprilagođenijeg modela za ocenu genetskih parametara i procenu priplodne vrednosti krmača. Analiza fenotipske varijabilnosti BŽP u leglima krmača rase švedski landras sprovedena je na osnovu reproduktivnih pokazatelja 2803 (farma A), 1826 (farma B) i 2235 (farma C) krmača, odnosno njihovih 11014, 6757 i 8452 legala, respektivno. Korišćen je fiksni model metoda najmanjih kvadrata u koga su bili uključeni uticaj prašenja po redu, sezone uspešnog pripusta, genotipa legla, trajanja perioda zalučenje - oplodnja, kvadratni regresijski uticaj starosti krmače pri prašenju ugnježđen u okviru prašenja po redu i linearni regresijski uticaj trajanja prethodne laktacije. Prosečan BŽP se kretao u intervalu od 9.13 (A) do 9.76 (B i C). Svi determinisani uticaji obuhvaćeni modelom su ispoljili statistički vrlo visoko značajan uticaj (p lt 0.001) na variranje BŽP nezavisno od toga koji set podataka je bio analiziran, osim uticaja trajanja prethodne laktacije na farmi B koji je bio ocenjen kao statistički značajan (p lt 0.05)

Physico-mechanical and micro-chemical changes on the ceramic and metal artifacts surfaces treated with laser

Чишћење је један од најважнијих процеса у конзервацији предмета културне баштине, али такође и један од најосетљивијих процеса са могућношћу оштећивања оригиналних материјала. Микроморфолошке и микрохемијске анализе на површинама артефаката пре и после процеса чишћења указују на ефикасност методе чишћења, а представљају и користан податак о пореклу и степену деградације артефакта. Значај ласерских техника код чишћења предмета културне баштине почива на особинама ове технике као што су висока осетљивост, недеструктивност, селективност, прилагодљивост, применљивост на лицу места и др. Ове технике се данас широко користе у рестаурацији и чишћењу, архитектонских камених површина. Код других предмета културне баштине (слика, вишебојних папирних докумената, керамичких предмета, стакла, метала, текстила итд.) њихова примена се још увек испитује због комплексног процеса деловања ласерског снопа на ове осетљиве материјале. За безбедно и ефикасно чишћење веома је важно одабрати одговарајуће параметаре ласера и оптимизовати методу ласерског чишћења. Због разноликости материјала који се срећу у културној баштини сваки допринос у овој области је изузетно значајан. У овом раду приказани су принципи методе чишћења ласером, као и резултати примене CO2, Nd:YAG и Er:Glass ласера код чишћења предмета културне баштине од керамике, метала и предмета сложеног састава (комбинације метал-текстил). Испитивања су спроведена на савременим и археолошким узорцима мењањем параметара ласера као што су таласна дужина, број импулса и енергија снопа. За дијагностику микроморфолошких промена на површини озрачених узорака коришћене су оптичка и СЕМ микроскопија. EDX, LIBS, XRF и XRD анализе коришћене су за испитивање хемијског саства узорака и промена састава које, услед деловања ласера, настају у саставу материјала на зонама третираним ласером...Cleaning is one of the most important processes for the conservation of cultural heritage artifacts, but also one of the most delicate and potentially damaging to the original materials. Micromorphological and microchemical analyzes of artefacts surfaces material before and after cleaning process indicates on cleaning effectiveness and can also be useful information for determination of artefacts provenience and degradation degree. Importance of laser techniques in cleaning of cultural heritage objects is based on the properties of these techniques, such as high sensitivity, nondestructivity, selectivity, flexibility, applicability on the spot and others. These techniques are now widely used in the restoration and clean, architectural stone surfaces. In other objects of cultural heritage (picture multicolored paper documents, pottery, glass, metal, textiles, etc.). For reliable and efficient cleaning, selection of the appropriate laser parameters and laser cleaning method optimization is of great significance. Due to the diversity of materials that can be found in cultural heritage, each contribution in this area is extremely important. In this dissertation, the principles of the laser cleaning method, as well as the results of applying the CO2, Nd: YAG and Er:Glass lasers in cleaning of cultural heritage objects made of ceramic, metal and complex (metal-textile combination) materials are presented. Laser cleaning investigations are carried out on contemporary and archaeological samples by varying laser parameters such as wavelength, number of pulses and laser beam energies. For the diagnostics of micromorphological changes on the surface of irradiated samples, optical and SEM microscopy were used. EDX, LIBS, XRF and XRD methods were used for the analysis of changes in samples treated zones chemical compositions caused by lasers irradiation. Measurement of micro and nano hardness was carried out to test the change in the microhardness of the sample after laser action on the surface. By profilometry tests the roughness of the irradiated surfaces of samples before and after irradiation are determined. By image analysis the degree of surface cleaning were determined..

Uticaj obima analiziranih podataka na tačnost selekcijskih indeksa za procenu priplodne vrednosti krmača

Objective of this paper was to establish to what extent the accuracy of constructed selection indices will be changed depending on the scope of analyzed data relating to fertility based on which parameters necessary for construction of selection indices (SI) were established. Fertility results of Swedish Landrace sows obtained on three farms in Republic of Serbia (farms 1, 2 and 3) were analyzed. Parameters necessary for construction of SI were determined by application of different mixed models of the method of Least Squares. For each farm three SI were constructed for evaluation of sow breeding value based on realized fertility in the way that parameters necessary for SI construction were calculated based on fertility results in the first (SI1), first two (SI2) and first three farrowings (SI3). Accuracy of constructed Sis varied within following limits - from low rIH = 0.255 (SI3 for Farm 2) to rIH = 0.405 (SI1 for Farm 3), and only in the case of SI2 for Farm 2 it was in the category of very low (rIH = 0.231). Introduction into analysis of fertility results realized in the second and third farrowing resulted in decrease of accuracy of constructed selection indices.U ovom radu rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je tačnost selekcijskih indeksa konstruisanih na osnovu parametara ocenjenih analizom rezultata plodnosti (BŽP i BOP) ostvarenih na posmatranim farmama bila od rIH = 0.255 (SI3 za Farmu 2) do rIH = 0.405 (SI1 za Farmu 3), a samo je u slučaju SI2 za Farmu 2 bila u kategoriji jako slabe (rIH = 0.231). Povećanje obima analiziranih rezultata plodnosti dovelo je do smanjenja tačnosti SI

Biological effects of electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency

Elektromagnetska polja ekstremno niskih frekvencija (30-300 Hz) javljaju se u blizini provodnika dalekovoda i drugih provodnika visokog i srednjeg napona, u podstanicama i u industriji. Veliki broj osoba koje rade na opsluživanju ovakvih postrojenja i uređaja je profesionalno izložen ovakvim promenljivim poljima. U izvesnoj meri može biti izloženo i stanovništvo koje živi i boravi u blizini dalekovoda i transformatora, a i pri upotrebi električnih aparata u domaćinstvima. Problem biološkog dejstva promenljivih elektromagnetskih polja još uvek se ne može potpuno sagledati, a naročito posledice dugotrajnog profesionalnog izlaganja. U nekim zemljama su kod radnika opisane funkcionalne promene na nervnom, kardiovaskularnom, hematopoetskom i gastrointestinalnom aparatu. Međutim, veći broj autora nije mogao da nađe ovakve promene. Uglavnom, nisu nađeni specifični simptomi, ni organske promene. Smatra se da intenziteti električnog polja do 20 kV/m ne predstavljaju opasnost po zdravlje i da nema potrebe ograničavati ekspoziciju poljima do 10 kV/m.The strongest of the extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields are those surrounding long-distance power lines, other high-voltage transmission lines and conductors in substations. These fields occur also near electrical distribution lines and in industry (from low-frequency induction furnaces, large electric motors, transformers, some welding and cutting electric arc processes, etc.). Exposure of the general population occurs from living in the vicinity of high-voltage transmission lines, in houses from electrical wiring configurations and from common household appliances. Subjective complaints and functional disturbances in the nervous, cardiovascular, haematopoetic and gastrointestinal systems of exposed workers have been reported in some countries. Results of studies of long-term exposure to electric and magnetic fields in other countries do not agree with these data. In general, adverse effects, specific symptoms or organic changes have not been observed. It is considered that exposure to electric fields up to 20 kV/m does not constitute a danger to health and that there is no need to limit exposure to fields below 10 kV/m

Uticaj obima analiziranih podataka na vrednost koeficijenata heritabiliteta osobina veličine legla svinja

Low heritability of pig litter size traits at birth (number of live born piglets - LBP and total born piglets - TBP) and weaning (number of reared piglets - RP) is one of the major problems in their genetic improvement. The effect of selection is directly proportional to trait heritability and inversely proportional to the duration of generation interval. Objective of this study was to establish presence of difference in regard to heritability coefficient values of observed traits, as well as their accuracy depending on the size of data used in the analysis. Heritability coefficients in this study were calculated based on fertility results obtained for Swedish Landrace sows on three pig farms (farms 1, 2 and 3) in the Republic of Serbia. Observed traits - LBP, TBP and RP on farms 1, 2 and 3 were analyzed in the first (2422, 1677 and 2015 litters), in the first two (4190, 2897 and 3377 litters), in the first three (5576, 3809 and 4425 litters) and all available parities (9538, 6340 and 7750 litters) by applying the adequate mixed model of the Least square method. Heritability of LBP calculated based on fertility realized in the first partus ranged from 5.6 to 16.4 %, TBP ranged from 7.0 to 16.8 % and RP ranged from 3.4 to 7.7 %. Introduction into the analysis of the results pertaining to the second, third and subsequent parities lead mainly to detection of lower values of heritability coefficients for observed traits.U ovom radu rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da su koeficijenti heritabiliteta BŽP izračunati na osnovu plodnosti ostvarene u prvom prašenju bili u intervalu od 5,6 do 16,4 %, BUP u intervalu od 7,0 do 16,8 % i BOP u intervalu od 3,4 do 7,7 %. Uvođenje u analizu rezultata plodnosti drugog, trećeg i svih ostalih prašenja dovelo je uglavnom do utvrđivanja nižih vrednosti koeficijenata heritabiliteta posmatranih osobina

Main memory in HPC: do we need more, or could we live with less?

An important aspect of High-Performance Computing (HPC) system design is the choice of main memory capacity. This choice becomes increasingly important now that 3D-stacked memories are entering the market. Compared with conventional Dual In-line Memory Modules (DIMMs), 3D memory chiplets provide better performance and energy efficiency but lower memory capacities. Therefore, the adoption of 3D-stacked memories in the HPC domain depends on whether we can find use cases that require much less memory than is available now. This study analyzes the memory capacity requirements of important HPC benchmarks and applications. We find that the High-Performance Conjugate Gradients (HPCG) benchmark could be an important success story for 3D-stacked memories in HPC, but High-Performance Linpack (HPL) is likely to be constrained by 3D memory capacity. The study also emphasizes that the analysis of memory footprints of production HPC applications is complex and that it requires an understanding of application scalability and target category, i.e., whether the users target capability or capacity computing. The results show that most of the HPC applications under study have per-core memory footprints in the range of hundreds of megabytes, but we also detect applications and use cases that require gigabytes per core. Overall, the study identifies the HPC applications and use cases with memory footprints that could be provided by 3D-stacked memory chiplets, making a first step toward adoption of this novel technology in the HPC domain.This work was supported by the Collaboration Agreement between Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and BSC, Spanish Government through Severo Ochoa programme (SEV-2015-0493), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology through TIN2015-65316-P project and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (contracts 2014-SGR-1051 and 2014-SGR-1272). This work has also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ExaNoDe project (grant agreement No 671578). Darko Zivanovic holds the Severo Ochoa grant (SVP-2014-068501) of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain. The authors thank Harald Servat from BSC and Vladimir Marjanovi´c from High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart for their technical support.Postprint (published version

Genetički resursi u svinjarstvu - osobine kvaliteta polutki rase moravka i mangulica

Objective of this paper was to evaluate phenotypic variability of carcass quality traits of pigs of Moravka and Mangalitsa breeds. Quantity and content of meat was determined based on Regulation (1985) and dissection of right carcass sides. Obtained data was processed using Least Squares Method (Harvey, 1990). Results of the investigation show that Moravka had in average higher quantity and content of meat in carcass sides than Mangalitsa. Shares of muscle, fat tissue, skin and bone tissue in pig carcass sides of Moravka breed, determined by dissection were: 32.91; 34.94 and 7.70%.Rezultati ispitivanja osobina kvaliteta polutki svinja pokazuju da su grla rase moravka imala za 11.76 odnosno 6.02 cm duže polutke od belog soja mangulica. Leđna slanina u mangulice bila je deblja (za 13.6 do 23.6 mm) nego kod moravke. Na osnovu Pravilnika (1985) je ustanovljeno da je moravka imala prosečno veću količinu (+3.22 kg) i sadržaj mesa (+ 5.15%) u polutkama od mangulice (P lt 0.01). Prosečne vrednosti površine m.l.d.P nisu bile statistički značajno različite između moravke i mangulice. Površina slanine koja pripada mišiću (PSm.l.d.) utvrđena u mangulice, bila je za 35.14cm2 (P lt 0.001) veća nego kod moravke. Tako da je odnos meso:mast kod moravke 1:1.865 a mangulice 1:3.330. Udeo mišićnog, masnog tkiva i kože i koštanog tkiva u polutkama svinja rase moravka, utvrđen na osnovu disekcije, je bio: 32.91; 34.94 i 7.70%

Analysis of K-ras gene codon 12 mutation in pancreatic tissue of patients with pancreatic cancer

Ovo istraživanje je imalo za cilj da se analizira prisustvo mutacije u kodonu 12 gena K-ras u pankreasnom tkivu pacijenata sa karcinomom pankreasa i da se proceni da li ova mutacija predstavlja potencijalni molekularni marker za karcinom pankreasa u srpskoj populaciji. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo analizu 40 uzoraka tkiva pankreasa pacijenata sa kliničkom dijagnozom karcinoma pankreasa. Prisustvo mutacije u kodonu 12 gena K-ras analizirano je metodom PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length poly­morphism). Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da je mutacija u kodonu 12 gena K-ras u tkivu pankreasa prisutna sa visokom učestalošću (66 %) kod pacijenata sa karcinomom pankreasa.The aim of this study was to analyze K-ras codon 12 mutation in the pancreatic tissue of Serbian patients with pancreatic cancer and assess whether the given mutation can be used as a molecular marker for this disease. The study was performed on pancreatic tissue samples obtained from 40 patients with clinical diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The presence of K-ras codon 12 mutation was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Our study showed that K-ras mutation is present with a high frequency (66%) in the pancreatic tissue of patients with pancretic cancer

Uticaj rase, nerasta i sezone na neke osobine sperme

The main objective of this study was to assess the phenotypic variability of the ejaculate volume (VOL) and progressive sperm motility (MO) under the influence of breed, boar within breed and season. The study included 555 ejaculates of Danish Landrace (DL), Danish Large White (DLW) and Danish Duroc (DD) boars. The effect of boar was analyzed within the investigated breeds. The impact of the season was investigated as the influence of the month in which the ejaculate was taken. The model included a linear regression effect of boar age when the semen was taken. Data analysis was performed using the statistical package SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Inst. Inc.., 2002-2003). Impact assessment was carried out using the GLM procedure. The impact of all factors analyzed in both sperm traits was significant to highly significant, and the observed factors largely explain the phenotypic variability VOL compared to MO. The highest values were found in VOL of DL boar (3:58 ± 164.96 ml), and the MO of boar breed DLW (85.45 ± 0.94%). Boars DD had VOL and MO below the averages of all analyzed breeds. Between boars within studied genotypes differences were established (p (lt) 0.05, p (lt) 0.05, p (lt) 0.01 p (lt) 0.001) and a boar of DLW breed compared to all tested boars had the highest volume of ejaculate sperm with progressive motility of 90.47%. Volume, or mobility varied (p (lt) 0.01 or p (lt) 0.05) influenced by season, and in September and October boars had ejaculates with the VOL values above average and the lowest MO. Since most VOL and MO above the annual average in June, it was possible to get the highest number of doses per ejaculate with optimal reproductive/fertile ability.Osnovni cilj rada bio je da se oceni fenotipska varijabilnost volumena ejakulata (VOL) i progresivne pokretljivosti spermatozoida (MO) pod uticajem rase, nerasta unutar rase i sezone. Istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno 555 ejakulata nerasta rase danski landras (DL), danski jorkšir (DLW) i danski durok (DD). Uticaj nerasta analiziran je unutar ispitivanih rasa. Uticaj sezone ispitivan je kao uticaj meseca u kojem je uzet ejakulat. U model je uključen i linearni regresijski uticaj starosti nerasta prilikom uzimanja ejakulata. Obrada podataka izvršena je pomoću statističkog paketa SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Inst. Inc., 2002-2003). Ocena uticaja je izvršena primenom GLM procedure. Uticaj svih analiziranih faktora na obe osobine sperme bio je značajan do vrlo visoko značajan, a posmatrani faktori u većoj meri objašnjavaju fenotipsku varijabilnost VOL u odnosu na MO. Najveće vrednosti VOL utvrđene su kod nerasta rase DL (164.96±3.58 ml), a MO kod nerasta rase DLW (85.45±0.94%). Nerasti DD imali su VOL i MO ispod proseka svih analiziranih rasa. Između nerasta unutar ispitivanih genotipova utvrđene su razlike (p>0.05, p (lt) 0.05, p (lt) 0.01, p (lt) 0.001), a nerast rase DLW u odnosu na sve ispitivane neraste imao je najveći volumen ejakulata sa progresivnom pokretljivošću spermatozoida od 90.47%. Volumen, odnosno pokretljivost su varirali (p (lt) 0.01, odnosno p (lt) 0.05) pod uticajem sezone, a u periodu septembar-oktobar nerasti su imali ejakulate sa vrednostima VOL iznad proseka i najnižom MO. S obzirom na najveći VOL i MO iznad godišnjeg proseka, u junu mesecu je bilo moguće dobiti najveći broj doza po ejakulatu sa optimalnom fertilnom sposobnošću