Pengembangan Aplikasi Giat Bergerak sebagai Desain Pembelajaran Abad 21 bagi Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun

Peran penting teknologi menjadi kunci keberhasilan desain pembelajaran abad 21 yang mengintegrasikan keterampilan dalam pengajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kembali aplikasi Giat Bergerak agar menjadi salah satu fasilitasi pembelajaran abad 21 dengan mengintegrasikan keterampilan 4C (berpikir kritis, kreativitas, komunikasi, dan kolaborasi) khususnya pada aspek perkembangan motorik anak usia 4-6 tahun. Metode dalam penelitian ini ialah desain dan pengembangan (D&D) yang berfokus pada 4 fase yakni analisis, desain, pengembangan, dan evaluasi. Hasil pengembangan mendapat validasi dari ahli media dan ahli materi serta penilaian pendidik, perolehan nilai rata-rata 4.5 dengan persentase 89% memasuki kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut kualitas konten dalam aplikasi Giat Bergerak telah meningkat dari versi sebelumnya. Saran penggunaan aplikasi tetap dalam pengawasan orang dewasa dan perlu menetapkan batasan screen time. Implikasi bagi guru dalam penerapan aplikasi Giat Bergerak ialah membuat desain ulang pembelajaran yang lebih bermakna bagi anak dengan mengintegrasikan keterampilan 4C sebagai desain pembelajaran abad 21

Implementasi ECC dalam Mengembangkan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Calon Pendidik Anak Usia Dini

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan sangat pesat saat ini, membawa perubahan yang pesat pula dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Penguasaan kompetensi dibutuhkan bagi calon pendidik di satuan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Salah satunya kompetensi profesional. Menurut data di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) menjelaskan aspek penilaian yang terendah dinilai oleh pengguna lulusan adalah aspek kemampuan Bahasa Inggris. Kemudian, program studi memberikan fasilitas yakni English Credential Camp (ECC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi English Credential Camp dalam mengembangkan kosakata Bahasa Inggris di pembelajaran kosakata calon pendidik PAUD atau mahasiswa PGPAUD angkatan 2019 yang juga sebagai peserta ECC. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif serta menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi dokumentasi dan kuesioner dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 45 orang. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian bahwa English Credential Camp diharapkan dapat mengembangkan kosakata Bahasa Inggris dalam pembelajaran kosakata bagi calon pendidik atau mahasiswa PGPAUD Angkatan 2019 di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Kampus Serang

Efektifitas Penyisihan Seng (Zn) Limbah Tailing Menggunakan Metode Fitoremediasi di Desa Pancurendang, Kecamatan Ajibarang, Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Penambangan emas oleh rakyat di Desa Pancurendang, Kecamatan Ajibarang Kabupaten Banyumas dilakukan secara tradisional. Pengolahan emas dilakukan dengan metode amalgamasi dan metode sianidasi. Limbah tailing hasil pengolahan emas secara sianidasi dibuang begitu saja di lahan persawahan dengan lapisan tanah tanpa adanya pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menghitung efektifitas metode fitoremediasi untuk menurunkan konsentrasi seng (Zn) pada limbah tailing. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian adalah metode rancangan percobaan dengan fitoremediasi. Percobaan fitoremediasi dilakukan menggunakan tanaman alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) dan diuji konsentrasi seng (Zn) pada 10, 20, dan 30 hari pemaparan pada tanah dengan variasi prosentase tailing yaitu 0%, 30%, 50%, dan 100%. Baku mutu seng (Zn) dalam tanah mengacu pada PP RI Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 sebesar 50 mg/L. Hasil percobaan fitoremediasi menunjukkan nilai efektifitas penyisihan logam seng (Zn) tertinggi pada tanah dengan prosentase tailing 50% selama 10 hari pemaparan yaitu sebesar 43,35% dengan nilai konsentrasi seng (Zn) yang telah memenuhi baku mutu yaitu 46,121 mg/kg.Kata Kunci: Penambangan dan pengolahan emas rakyat; Tailing; Seng (Zn); Fitoremediasi; Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica

Enhanced lithium depletion in Sun-like stars with orbiting planets

The surface abundance of lithium on the Sun is 140 times less than protosolar, yet the temperature at the base of the surface convective zone is not hot enough to burn Li. A large range of Li abundances in solar type stars of the same age, mass and metallicity is observed, but theoretically difficult to understand. An earlier suggestion that Li is more depleted in stars with planets was weakened by the lack of a proper comparison sample of stars without detected planets. Here we report Li abundances for an unbiased sample of solar-analogue stars with and without detected planets. We find that the planet-bearing stars have less than 1 per cent of the primordial Li abundance, while about 50 per cent of the solar analogues without detected planets have on average 10 times more Li. The presence of planets may increase the amount of mixing and deepen the convective zone to such an extent that the Li can be burned.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Development of a Financial Literacy Book, "Good and Bad Character Augmented Reality," for Early Childhood

Financial literacy education needs to be instilled from an early age through attractive media so that it is internalized and to form managing finances habits in the future. Augmented Reality (AR) technology is an alternative since it is in the 3D form to visualize abstract concepts into concrete ones. This study aims to develop a financial literacy book with augmented reality technology, "Good and Bad Character AR." This book instills financial knowledge and experience for children in forming good character and habits. The method used in this study was Design Development (DD), with an analysis model of design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). Participants were material and media experts and users (teachers and children aged 5-6 years) at the UPI Campus Labschool Kindergarten in Serang. Validation was carried out by media experts, material experts, two teachers, and five children. The analysis results demonstrated that the financial literacy book "Good and Bad Character AR" was feasible for educators to use in increasing early childhood financial literacy based on the assessment of material experts of 85.33% and media experts of 87%, with a very good category. Meanwhile, the user response came from two teachers respectively at 98.33 and 90%, considered very good in terms of the attractiveness of the content, ease of use, and the children's enthusiasm during learning. In addition, of the five children, 92% were obtained, indicating a very good response. It indicated that AR technology is feasible and potentially used in early childhood learning

How are gender equality and human rights interventions included in sexual and reproductive health programmes and policies: A systematic review of existing research foci and gaps

The importance of promoting gender equality and human rights in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programmes and policies has been affirmed in numerous international and regional agreements, most recently the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Given the critical role of research to determine what works, we aimed to identify research gaps as part of a broader priority setting exercise on integrating gender equality and human rights approaches in SRH programmes and policies. A systematic literature review of reviews was conducted to examine the question: what do we know about how research in the context of SRH programmes and policies has addressed gender equality and human rights and what are the current gaps in research. We searched three databases for reviews that addressed the research question, were published between 1994-2014, and met methodological standards for systematic reviews, qualitative meta-syntheses and other reviews of relevance to the research question. Additional grey literature was identified based on expert input. Articles were appraised by the primary author and examined by an expert panel. An abstraction and thematic analysis process was used to synthesize findings. Of the 3,073 abstracts identified, 56 articles were reviewed in full and 23 were included along with 10 from the grey literature. The majority focused on interventions addressing gender inequalities; very few reviews explicitly included human rights based interventions. Across both topics, weak study designs and use of intermediate outcome measures limited evidence quality. Further, there was limited evidence on interventions that addressed marginalized groups. Better quality studies, longer-term indicators, and measurement of unintended consequences are needed to better understand the impact of these types of interventions on SRH outcomes. Further efforts are needed to cover research on gender equality and human rights issues as they pertain to a broader set of SRH topics and populations.Scopu

Variants of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 but not the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 genes significantly influence functional outcome after stroke

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Multiple lines of evidence suggest that genetic factors contribute to stroke recovery. The matrix metalloproteinases -2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) are modulators of extracellular matrix components, with important regulatory functions in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Shortly after stroke, MMP-2 and MMP-9 have mainly damaging effects for brain tissue. However, MMPs also have a beneficial activity in angiogenesis and neurovascular remodelling during the delayed neuroinflammatory response phase, thus possibly contributing to stroke functional recovery.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the present study, the role of <it>MMP-2 </it>and <it>MMP-9 </it>genetic variants in stroke recovery was investigated in 546 stroke patients. Functional outcome was assessed three months after a stroke episode using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and patients were classified in two groups: good recovery (mRS ≤ 1) or poor recovery (mRS>1). Haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the <it>MMP-2 </it>(N = 21) and <it>MMP-9 </it>(N = 4) genes were genotyped and tested for association with stroke outcome, adjusting for significant non-genetic clinical variables.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Six SNPs in the <it>MMP-2 </it>gene were significantly associated with stroke outcome (0.0018<<it>P </it>< 0.0415), two of which survived the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. In the subset of ischemic stroke patients, association of five of these SNPs remained positive (0.0042<<it>P </it>< 0.0306). No significant associations were found for the <it>MMP-9 </it>gene.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results presented strongly indicate that <it>MMP-2 </it>genetic variants are an important mediator of functional outcome after stroke.</p

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

SummaryBackground The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015. This study included 388 risk-outcome pairs that met World Cancer Research Fund-defined criteria for convincing or probable evidence. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. We developed a metric that allows comparisons of exposure across risk factors—the summary exposure value. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk level, we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We decomposed trends in attributable burden into contributions from population growth, population age structure, risk exposure, and risk-deleted cause-specific DALY rates. We characterised risk exposure in relation to a Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings Between 1990 and 2015, global exposure to unsafe sanitation, household air pollution, childhood underweight, childhood stunting, and smoking each decreased by more than 25%. Global exposure for several occupational risks, high body-mass index (BMI), and drug use increased by more than 25% over the same period. All risks jointly evaluated in 2015 accounted for 57·8% (95% CI 56·6–58·8) of global deaths and 41·2% (39·8–42·8) of DALYs. In 2015, the ten largest contributors to global DALYs among Level 3 risks were high systolic blood pressure (211·8 million [192·7 million to 231·1 million] global DALYs), smoking (148·6 million [134·2 million to 163·1 million]), high fasting plasma glucose (143·1 million [125·1 million to 163·5 million]), high BMI (120·1 million [83·8 million to 158·4 million]), childhood undernutrition (113·3 million [103·9 million to 123·4 million]), ambient particulate matter (103·1 million [90·8 million to 115·1 million]), high total cholesterol (88·7 million [74·6 million to 105·7 million]), household air pollution (85·6 million [66·7 million to 106·1 million]), alcohol use (85·0 million [77·2 million to 93·0 million]), and diets high in sodium (83·0 million [49·3 million to 127·5 million]). From 1990 to 2015, attributable DALYs declined for micronutrient deficiencies, childhood undernutrition, unsafe sanitation and water, and household air pollution; reductions in risk-deleted DALY rates rather than reductions in exposure drove these declines. Rising exposure contributed to notable increases in attributable DALYs from high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, occupational carcinogens, and drug use. Environmental risks and childhood undernutrition declined steadily with SDI; low physical activity, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose increased with SDI. In 119 countries, metabolic risks, such as high BMI and fasting plasma glucose, contributed the most attributable DALYs in 2015. Regionally, smoking still ranked among the leading five risk factors for attributable DALYs in 109 countries; childhood underweight and unsafe sex remained primary drivers of early death and disability in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Interpretation Declines in some key environmental risks have contributed to declines in critical infectious diseases. Some risks appear to be invariant to SDI. Increasing risks, including high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, drug use, and some occupational exposures, contribute to rising burden from some conditions, but also provide opportunities for intervention. Some highly preventable risks, such as smoking, remain major causes of attributable DALYs, even as exposure is declining. Public policy makers need to pay attention to the risks that are increasingly major contributors to global burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing tuberculous lymphadenitis in Maputo, Mozambique

BACKGROUND: The zoonosis bovine tuberculosis (TB) is known to be responsible for a considerable proportion of extrapulmonary TB. In Mozambique, bovine TB is a recognised problem in cattle, but little has been done to evaluate how Mycobacterium bovis has contributed to human TB. We here explore the public health risk for bovine TB in Maputo, by characterizing the isolates from tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) cases, a common manifestation of bovine TB in humans, in the Pathology Service of Maputo Central Hospital, in Mozambique, during one year. RESULTS: Among 110 patients suspected of having TBLN, 49 had a positive culture result. Of those, 48 (98 %) were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and one for nontuberculous mycobacteria. Of the 45 isolates analysed by spoligotyping and Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit - Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR), all were M. tuberculosis. No M. bovis was found. Cervical TBLN, corresponding to 39 (86.7 %) cases, was the main cause of TBLN and 66.7 % of those where from HIV positive patients. We found that TBLN in Maputo was caused by a variety of M. tuberculosis strains. The most prevalent lineage was the EAI (n?=?19; 43.2 %). Particular common spoligotypes were SIT 48 (EAI1_SOM sublineage), SIT 42 (LAM 9), SIT 1 (Beijing) and SIT53 (T1), similar to findings among pulmonary cases. CONCLUSIONS: M. tuberculosis was the main etiological agent of TBLN in Maputo. M. tuberculosis genotypes were similar to the ones causing pulmonary TB, suggesting that in Maputo, cases of TBLN arise from the same source as pulmonary TB, rather than from an external zoonotic source. Further research is needed on other forms of extrapulmonary TB and in rural areas where there is high prevalence of bovine TB in cattle, to evaluate the risk of transmission of M. bovis from cattle to humans.Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency / Department for Research Cooperation (Sida/SAREC) through Eduardo Mondlane University and Karolinska Institutet Research and Training (KIRT) collaboratio

Nocturnal Hypoxia and Loss of Kidney Function

Background: Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more common in patients with kidney disease, whether nocturnal hypoxia affects kidney function is unknown. Methods: We studied all adult subjects referred for diagnostic testing of sleep apnea between July 2005 and December 31 2007 who had serial measurement of their kidney function. Nocturnal hypoxia was defined as oxygen saturation (SaO2) below 90 % for $12$4 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year. Results: 858 participants were included and followed for a mean study period of 2.1 years. Overall 374 (44%) had nocturnal hypoxia, and 49 (5.7%) had accelerated loss of kidney function. Compared to controls without hypoxia, patients with nocturnal hypoxia had a significant increase in the adjusted risk of accelerated kidney function loss (odds ratio (OR) 2.89, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.25, 6.67). Conclusion: Nocturnal hypoxia was independently associated with an increased risk of accelerated kidney function loss. Further studies are required to determine whether treatment and correction of nocturnal hypoxia reduces loss of kidney function