Estoques de carbono e nutrientes em sistemas agroflorestais implantadas em areas de pastagens degradadas da Amazonia Ocidental.

Quantificacao de estoques de carbonos e nutrientes em sistemas agroflorestais implantados em areas de pastagens degradas, de oito anos de idade, em comparacao com areas controles de floresta secundaria (capoeira, com dominio de Vismia spp), com a mesma idade, tambem estabelecidas em areas de pastagens degradadas, no Estado do Amazonas (Brasil). Os estoques de carbonos foram calculados usando-se equacoes alometricas desenvolvidas. Das especies avaliadas (genipapo, gliricidia, inga, acerola), inga foi a que mais contribuiu para maior quantidade de carbono ao SAF; acerola, o menor

On-farm conservation of cassava in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso state, Brazil: ethnobotanical aspects and genetic diversity.

Abstract: Family farmers are important in the on-farm conservation of cassava, since they maintain distinct ethnovarieties in their plantations. This research aimed to analyze ethnobotanical aspects and the genetic diversity of cassava ethnovarieties maintained by farmers in the Baixada Cuiabana, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, in the Rio dos Couros community. A semi structured questionnaire was applied for the ethnobotanical characterization of the cassava ethnovarieties. Subsequently, young leaves of the cassava plants were collected for DNA extraction. The ethnobotanical survey identified 29 cassava ethnovarieties, with the most cultivated ones being Pão, Amarelona and Cacau. The farmers characterize the cassavas with the following characteristics: palatability, pulp color, origin and similarities with animals and vegetables. Genetic relationships were observed among the ethnovarieties and five groups were identified, with formation of subgroups. In these groupings, it is possible to highlight the isolation of the Matrinxã, Paraguainha and Broto Roxo ethnovarieties as the most genetically divergent ones. | Resumo: Agricultores familiares são importantes na conservação on farm de mandioca, visto que mantêm em suas plantações distintas etnovariedades. Objetivou-se analisar aspectos etnobotânicos e a diversidade genética de etnovariedades de mandioca mantidas por agricultores da Baixada Cuiabana, Mato Grosso, na comunidade Rio dos Couros. Um questionário semiestruturado foi aplicado para a caracterização etnobotânica das etnovariedades de mandioca. Posteriormente, folhas jovens das mandiocas foram coletadas para extração de DNA. O levantamento etnobotânico identificou 29 etnovariedades, sendo as mais cultivadas a Pão, Amarelona e Cacau. Os agricultores caracterizam as mandiocas com os seguintes caracteres: palatabilidade, cor da polpa, origem e semelhanças com animais e vegetais. Observaram-se relações genéticas entre as etnovariedades e cinco grupos foram identificados, com formação de subgrupos. Nesses agrupamentos, foi possível destacar o isolamento das etnovariedades Matrinxã, Paraguainha e Broto Roxo como as mais divergentes geneticamente

BRCA1- A ssociated protein 1 (BAP1) immunohistochemical expression as a diagnostic tool in malignant pleural mesothelioma classification: A large retrospective study

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Histological subtype remains among the most reliable prognostic factors, because the epithelioid subtype associated with the best prognosis and the sarcomatoid subtype with the worst. The biphasic subtype has an intermediate prognosis, but its definitive histological diagnosis may be challenging owing to the difficulty of assessing the neoplastic nature of the stromal component. Recent data identified BRCA1-associated protein 1 gene (BAP1) as one of the most frequently mutated genes in MPM. Immunohistochemical testing for BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) has been proposed to be predictive for the detection of BAP1 mutation in neoplastic cells. The aim of the present study was to define the diagnostic usefulness of immunohistochemical determination of BAP1 in MPM, with clinicopathological correlation

Embrapa Pantanal expande a área de produção de mudas.

bitstream/item/79993/1/ADM136.pdfFormato eletronico. Disponível também em: AgoraMS, Grupo Cultivar, MS noticias, BBC News, Naviraí Noticias, Juridicobrasil.com.br, Portal do Agronegócio, Zoonews, ABCSEM, Pimentas on-line

Unidades demonstrativas de plantas medicinais, aromáticas e condimentares da Embrapa Pantanal, em Corumbá, MS.

A implantação de Unidades Demonstrativas de plantas medicinais, aromáticas e condimentares da Embrapa Pantanal, em parceria com a Associação de Pais e Mestres dos Excepcionais (APAE) e com a Empresa Brasileira de Infra-estrutura Aeroportuária (Infraero), em Corumbá, é uma das ações do projeto “Plantas condimentares: uma opção para agregação de valor e renda à agricultura familiar”, desenvolvido pelo Escritório de Negócios de Campinas, em parceria com centros de pesquisa da empresa, além de universidades, produtores e empresas privadas de várias regiões do país. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar locais e genótipos de qualidade e adequados à produção de plantas medicinais, condimentares e aromáticas, além de aprimorar a qualificação de técnicos e a implantação de unidades de observação, demonstração, produção e processamento destas plantas, criando novas alternativas de renda para pequenos e médios agricultores.Disponível também em: Cadernos de Agroecologia, V. 5, n.1, 2010

Organic and mineral matter changes due to oil generation, saturation and expulsion processes based on artificial maturation experiments

Hydrous pyrolysis experiments were conducted on immature organic-rich rock with type-I kerogen to evaluate petroleum generation, saturation and expulsion processes. The experiments were carried out under isothermal conditions at ten different temperatures (280° through 360°C) for nine different time spans between 18 and 144h. Rock samples recovered from the experiments were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC-weight%), Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance (Ro%), spectral fluorescence and visual characterization of organic matter under the microscopy. TOC, S2 and HI tend to decrease with increasing temperature and duration of the experiments as expected. The Ro% values reach up to 1.14% in the most severe experiment (i.e. 360°C/96h). The Ro% is believed to be suppressed due to hydrogen incorporation from bitumen. The bitumen production was observed with the increase of transformation index (TI) and two types of bitumen were differentiated by fluorescence color. The bitumen with yellow fluorescence was mainly composed of saturate and aromatic hydrocarbons that were probably generated earlier than the bitumen with brown fluorescence which is rich in NSO compounds. The greatest bitumen saturation occurs at TI around of 41% to 45%, when the S1 reaches its highest values. The decrease of bitumen saturation and consequent oil expulsion is marked by a reduction in S1 values and fluorescence color. This phenomenon occurs simultaneously with the development of fractures and voids in the mineral matrix which reduces the oil retention capability and facilitates the expulsion process. These observations enhanced the understanding of oil generation and saturation processes, as well as primary migration, expulsion and type of generated bitumen

Influencia da presenca de cupinzeiros na biomassa da vegetacao de pastagem degradada, floresta secundaria e sistema agroflorestal.

Estimacao da influencia dos cupinzeiros na reducao da biomassa de areas de pastagens ativas e/ou degradadas e sistemas agroflorestais no Estado do Amazonas (Brasil). Em observacoes feitas no experimento, foi constatado que cupinzeiros, aparentemente, nao oferecem barreira fisica ao estabelecimento das plantas, mas a densidade de individuos e biomassa e' bem menor que do solo adjacente (como controle). Observou-se, tambem, maior abundancia de componentes vegetais sobre cupinzeiros no sistema agroflorestal, quando comparado com a pastagem ativa, podendo ser um grande indicador de manejo para essas areas afetadas por cupinzeiros

Organic and mineral matter changes due to oil generation, saturation and expulsion processes based on artificial maturation experiments

Hydrous pyrolysis experiments were conducted on immature organic-rich rock with type-I kerogen to evaluate petroleum generation, saturation and expulsion processes. The experiments were carried out under isothermal conditions at ten different temperatures (280° through 360°C) for nine different time spans between 18 and 144h. Rock samples recovered from the experiments were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC-weight%), Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance (Ro%), spectral fluorescence and visual characterization of organic matter under the microscopy. TOC, S2 and HI tend to decrease with increasing temperature and duration of the experiments as expected. The Ro% values reach up to 1.14% in the most severe experiment (i.e. 360°C/96h). The Ro% is believed to be suppressed due to hydrogen incorporation from bitumen. The bitumen production was observed with the increase of transformation index (TI) and two types of bitumen were differentiated by fluorescence color. The bitumen with yellow fluorescence was mainly composed of saturate and aromatic hydrocarbons that were probably generated earlier than the bitumen with brown fluorescence which is rich in NSO compounds. The greatest bitumen saturation occurs at TI around of 41% to 45%, when the S1 reaches its highest values. The decrease of bitumen saturation and consequent oil expulsion is marked by a reduction in S1 values and fluorescence color. This phenomenon occurs simultaneously with the development of fractures and voids in the mineral matrix which reduces the oil retention capability and facilitates the expulsion process. These observations enhanced the understanding of oil generation and saturation processes, as well as primary migration, expulsion and type of generated bitumen

Association of Childhood Physical and Sexual Abuse with Intimate Partner Violence, Poor General Health and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant Women

This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD- 059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The authors wish to thank the dedicated staff members of Asociacion Civil Proyectos en Salud (PROESA), Peru and Instituto Materno Perinatal, Peru for their expert technical assistance with this research.Objective We examined associations of childhood physical and sexual abuse with risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). We also evaluated the extent to which childhood abuse was associated with self-reported general health status and symptoms of antepartum depression in a cohort of pregnant Peruvian women. Methods In-person interviews were conducted to collect information regarding history of childhood abuse and IPV from 1,521 women during early pregnancy. Antepartum depressive symptomatology was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results Any childhood abuse was associated with 2.2-fold increased odds of lifetime IPV (95%CI: 1.72–2.83). Compared with women who reported no childhood abuse, those who reported both, childhood physical and sexual abuse had a 7.14-fold lifetime risk of physical and sexual IPV (95%CI: 4.15–12.26). The odds of experiencing physical and sexual abuse by an intimate partner in the past year was 3.33-fold higher among women with a history of childhood physical and sexual abuse as compared to women who were not abused as children (95%CI 1.60–6.89). Childhood abuse was associated with higher odds of self-reported poor health status during early pregnancy (aOR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.04–1.68) and with symptoms of antepartum depression (aOR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.58–2.71). Conclusion These data indicate that childhood sexual and physical abuse is associated with IPV, poor general health and depressive symptoms in early pregnancy. The high prevalence of childhood trauma and its enduring effects of on women’s health warrant concerted global health efforts in preventing violence.: This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection,Revisión por pare

Captura de recursos de agua e luz por sistemas agroflorestais implantados em areas de pastagens degradadas da Amazonia Ocidental.

Avaliacao da captura de recursos de agua e luz por sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs), por meio de monitoramente intensivo durante dois anos, em areas degradadas de terra firme no Distrito Agropecuario da SUFRAMA, Manaus-AM (Brasil). Foi verificado que floresta e pastagem represetam os extremos dos indices de area foliar (IAF). As capoeiras e as areas dos SAFs podem apresentar um IAF mais proximo ao da floresta, mas sao mais suscetiveis as mudancas do que aquelas. A hipotese e' de que essa variacao na area foliar e captura de luz tem relacao com a agua do solo. Sistemas radiculares profundos podem permitir a manutencao de uma maior area foliar durante a seca, que pode fornecer maior superficie evaporativa, para que as raizes bombeiem mais agua e capturem mais nutrientes do solo