The fluid mechanics of bubbly drinks

Bubbly drinks are surprisingly attractive. There is something about the nature of the these beverages that make them preferable among other choices. In this article we explore the physics involved in this particular kind of two-phase, mass-transfer-driven flows.Comment: Extended version of Zenit R and Rodr\'iguez-Rodr\'iguez J. The fluid mechanics of bubbly drinks. Physics Today, Vol. 71(11) pp. 44-50, November 201

Pre-harvest sprouting and grain dormancy in sorghum bicolor: What have we learned?

The possibility of obtaining sorghum grains with quality to match the standards for a diversity of end-uses is frequently hampered by the susceptibility to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) displayed by many elite genotypes. For these reasons, obtaining resistance to PHS is considered in sorghum breeding programs, particularly when the crop is expected to approach harvest maturity under rainy or damp conditions prevalence. As in other cereals, the primary cause for sprouting susceptibility is a low dormancy prior to crop harvest; in consequence, most research has focused in understanding the mechanisms through which the duration of dormancy is differentially controlled in genotypes with contrasting sprouting behavior. With this aim two tannin-less, red-grained inbred lines were used as a model system: IS9530 (sprouting resistant) and Redland B2 (sprouting susceptible). Redland B2 grains are able to germinate well before reaching physiological maturity (PM) while IS9530 ones can start to germinate at 40–45 days after pollination, well after PM. Results show that the anticipated dormancy loss displayed by Redland B2 grains is related reduced embryo sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) and increased levels of GA upon imbibition. In turn, transcriptional data showed that ABA signal transduction is impaired in Redland B2, which appears to have an impact on GA catabolism, thus affecting the overall GA/ABA balance that regulates germination. QTL analyses were conducted to test whether previous candidate genes were located in a dormancy QTL, but also to identify new genes involved in dormancy. These analyses yielded several dormancy QTL and one of them located in chromosome 9 (qGI-9) was consistently detected even across environments. Fine mapping is already in progress to narrow down the number of candidate genes in qGI-9.Fil: Benech-Arnold, Roberto Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentin

Application of the Ring Theory in the Segmentation of Digital Images

Ring theory is one of the branches of the abstract algebra that has been broadly used in images. However, ring theory has not been very related with image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a new index of similarity among images using Zn rings and the entropy function. This new index was applied as a new stopping criterion to the Mean Shift Iterative Algorithm with the goal to reach a better segmentation. An analysis on the performance of the algorithm with this new stopping criterion is carried out. The obtained results proved that the new index is a suitable tool to compare images.Comment: Very interesting new index to compute the similarity among images. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1306.262

Las (sin)razones de la esperanza en Javier Muguerza e Immanuel Kant

[ES] Se pretende resaltar aquí la veta kantiana que atraviesa el pensamiento de Javier Muguerza. Este hilo conductor se pondría de manifiesto sin ir más lejos en las tres «Críticas» muguerzianas, a saber: Crítica de la razón analítica, Crítica de la razón dialógica y Crítica de la razón onírica. Pero también cabe detectarlo en el denominado «imperativo de la disidencia», con que Muguerza quiere actualizar las tres versiones del imperativo categórico kantiano y que le hace apostar, finalmente, por un blochiano primado de la utopía. En definitiva, todo ello acaba por invitarnos a replantear las célebres preguntas kantianas. Desde luego, a Javier Muguerza le interesan mucho más las cuestiones dejadas abiertas por Kant que sus respuestas, y hay que agradecerle que sepa traducirlas a las inquietudes filosóficas del presente.[EN] The aim of this text is to highlight the Kantian influence upon the thought of Javier Muguerza, an influence which is evident in Muguerza's three «Critiques»: The Critique 01 Analytic Reason, The Critique 01 Dialogic Reason and The Critique 01 Oniric Reason. But Kant's influence can also be detected in the so-called «imperative of dissidence» with which Muguerza wants to render contemporary the three versions of the Kantian categorical imperative, and which also leads him to propose, in a Blochian manner, a primacyof utopia. In short, Muguerza invites us to pose again aH the famous Kantian questions, even if he is more interested in those that Kant left open, than in those which he himself replied too We have to be thankful to Muguerza for the translation of these questions into contemporary philosophical queries.Peer reviewe

Aproximación a la cuestión de la semanticidad del signo musical en el teatro contemporáneo

The music exists at the theatre from his beginning. However, along the history, the classic comedy, the written drama, has different sense depending on the music. Appia, Meyerhold or Bob Wilson have explained the importance of the music in a staging, an use still polemic nowadays, doubtful, without an unanimous opinion, while the music sounds at the box

Challenges of Political Communication 2.0 in an Ageing Society

En estos inicios del siglo XXI, las nuevas tecnologías y las redes sociales han conllevado importantes cambios en la comunicación política, uno de los ámbitos de mayor desarrollo dentro de la comunicación organizacional. Los partidos cuentan con nuevas herramientas para interrelacionarse con los ciudadanos y éstos han recobrado protagonismo gracias a un modelo en el que prima la participación y el diálogo. Pero esta nueva comunicación política 2.0, que tanta atención está suscitando entre académicos y profesionales, no está alcanzando por igual a todos los tramos de edad, ya que las generaciones más mayores aún no se han introducido plenamente en el mundo digital y están siendo excluidas de estas nuevas formas de comunicación, algo contradictorio si se piensa que, debido al progresivo envejecimiento de la población, se están convirtiendo en el principal nicho electoral. Con estas premisas, en el presente artículo se tratarán de analizar los retos que se le presentan a la comunicación política 2.0 para acercarse a este colectivo tan decisivo en las urnas.In these early twenty-first century, new technologies and social networks have led to major changes in political communication, one of the most developed areas in organizational communication. The parties have new tools to interact with voters, and these have regained leadership thanks to a model that premium the participation and dialogue. But this new Political Communication 2.0, that so much attention is awakening between academics and practitioners, is not reaching equally all age groups since older generations have not yet fully entered the digital world and are being excluded from these new ways of communication, somehow contradictory if you think that, due to the progressive aging of the population, they are becoming the main electoral niche. With these premises, the present article will attempt to analyze the challenges that are presented to the Political Communication 2.0 to approach this group, so vital at the elections