Optimal conclusive teleportation of quantum states

Quantum teleportation of qudits is revisited. In particular, we analyze the case where the quantum channel corresponds to a non-maximally entangled state and show that the success of the protocol is directly related to the problem of distinguishing non-orthogonal quantum states. The teleportation channel can be seen as a coherent superposition of two channels, one of them being a maximally entangled state thus, leading to perfect teleportation and the other, corresponding to a non-maximally entangled state living in a subspace of the d-dimensional Hilbert space. The second channel leads to a teleported state with reduced fidelity. We calculate the average fidelity of the process and show its optimality.Comment: 8 pages, revtex, no figure

Juxtaoral organ: an anatomical finding to be considered

The juxtaoral organ (JOO) is a vestigial anatomical structure which is not usually described in lectures and classic texts of general histology and oral histology, despite it being included in the “Terminologia Histologica: International terms for human cytology and histology”. Although there is evidence about its histological structure, there are no macroscopic anatomical reports about it. We report the finding of a structure of glandular macroscopic appearance in a horizontal section of a plastinated human head belonging to the Morphology Laboratory of the Department of Biomedical Basic Sciences at the University of Talca. Due to its location, dimensions and anatomical relations, we determined it to be the JOO. Using a digital calliper, we measured the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the JOO and observed its anatomical relationships with neighbouring structures of clinical relevance. We conclude that the JOO is relevant to surgical practice due to its anatomical relations with relevant structures such as inferior third molar and lingual nerve. Its clinical application lies in the differential diagnosis with invasive processes of malignant neoplasia originating in the oral cavity

Deformación de Branquias en Salmónidos: Análisis Macroscópico, Histológico, Ultraestructural y de Elementos

Rojas, M (Rojas, Mariana).Univ Talca, Unidad Anat Normal, Valparaiso, Chile

Bases Morfológicas, Implicancias Clínicas y Reporte de Caso

Roa, I (reprint author), Univ Talca, Unidad Anat Normal, Oficina 104, Fac Ciencias Salud, Ave Lircay S-N, Talca, Chile.Roa, I (Roa, Ignacio); Moraga, JI (Ignacio Moraga, Jose); Cantin, M (Cantin, Mario)During fetal life and infancy, flat bones of the cranial vault are separated by dense connective tissue membranes, fibrous joints called sutures, which are aimed early on in life to promote brain development. Eventually these sutures close over the years to form a synostosis between the bones of the skull. One of these is the frontal suture, which joins the two frontal bones in the embryonic period and the newborn. This suture may persist over time, generating the condition known as metopism. Alteration showing different presentations and incidents depending on the ethnic group studied. The purpose of this paper is to show the features found in this condition, frequency, description, varieties, etc. This analysis was performed on different databases and the description of a case. It raises the importance that clinicians approaching the area at the time of surgery consider possible confusion at the radiographic level which can lead to subsequent complications. Therefore, real knowledge of the morphological bases of this condition is important for correct diagnosis and surgical procedure if warranted

Qubits entanglement dynamics modified by an effective atomic environment

We study entanglement dynamics of a couple of two-level atoms resonantly interacting with a cavity mode and embedded in a dispersive atomic environment. We show that in the absence of the environment the entanglement reaches its maximum value when only one exitation is involved. Then, we find that the atomic environment modifies that entanglement dynamics and induces a typical collapse-revival structure even for an initial one photon Fock state of the field.Comment: eight pages, two figure include

Observation of Sex Chromatin in Exhumed Bones, Evaluation of their Diagnosis Value

Munoz, P (Munoz, Patricia); Roa, I (Roa, Ignacio). Univ Talca, Dept Ciencias Basicas Biomed, Talca, ChileObservation of sexual chromatin has shown to be very helpful in gender forensic diagnosis. In the present study we analyzed the diagnosis performance of the method in, non-treated or treated with conventional bone techniques, exhumed bone pieces. We used long bones of male and female individuals, the method applied is described in Suazo et al. (2010). In the non-treated exhumed pieces, the general accuracy of the method was 75%, while in the treated pieces the method was inapplicable due to the lack of cells in the tissue. Our results suggest that it is possible to determine the sex of aged human bones buried under different conditions through a fast and simple histological method, but the treatment with physical and chemical means eliminates the remaining cells in the bone tissue

Sex Determination by Observation of Barr Body in Teeth Subjected to High Temperatures

Galdames, IS (reprint author), Univ Talca, Ave Lircay S-N Oficina 104, Valparaiso, Chile.Sex determination is one of the keys in the identification process. A useful histological method for sex determination is the observation of Barr chromatin or Barr body. This study determines the effect of high temperatures on the diagnostic performance of the Barr chromatin observation on teeth. Were used 50 healthy teeth from 25 male and 25 female individuals aged between 14 and 44 years. The teeth were divided into 5 groups (each group with 5 female and 5 male teeth) and were exposed to controlled temperatures of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 degrees C for 5 minutes. The coronal pulp was obtained and the tissue was processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Four histological slides of male and 4 of female individuals were randomly selected, for each temperature level, which were observed by conventional microscopy at 100X magnification, each showing 50 cells per plate. The presence of 1 cell with visible sex chromatin was considered positive for females. It was only possible to evaluate the samples from groups subjected to 200 and 400 degrees C. In the groups analyzed, the test showed 100% accuracy. The average number of cells found to be positive Barr chromatin was 15 (SD 3.9) at 200 degrees C and 11 (SD 2.8) at 400 degrees C. Hence, it was possible to detect the sex at these temperatures by observing chromatin of the Barr body in dental pulp

Sarconesin: Sarconesiopsis magellanica Blowfly Larval Excretions and Secretions With Antibacterial Properties

Larval therapy (LT) is an alternative treatment for healing chronic wounds; its action is based on debridement, the removal of bacteria, and stimulating granulation tissue. The most important mechanism when using LT for combating infection depends on larval excretions and secretions (ES). Larvae are protected against infection by a spectrum of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); special interest in AMPs has also risen regarding understanding their role in wound healing since they degrade necrotic tissue and kill different bacteria during LT. Sarconesiopsis magellanica (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a promising medically-important necrophagous fly. This article reports a small AMP being isolated from S. magellanica ES products for the first time; these products were obtained from third-instar larvae taken from a previously-established colony. ES were fractionated by RP-HPLC using C18 columns for the first analysis; the products were then lyophilised and their antimicrobial activity was characterized by incubation with different bacterial strains. These fractions' primary sequences were determined by mass spectrometry and de novo sequencing; five AMPs were obtained, the Sarconesin fraction was characterized and antibacterial activity was tested in different concentrations with minimum inhibitory concentrations starting at 1.2 mu M. Potent inhibitory activity was shown against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli D31, E. coli DH5 alpha, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13314, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, Micrococcus luteus A270) bacteria. Sarconesin has a significant similarity with Rho-family GTPases which are important in organelle development, cytoskeletal dynamics, cell movement, and wound repair. The data reported here indicated that Sarconesin could be an alternative candidate for use in therapeutics against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial infections. Our study describes one peptide responsible for antibacterial activity when LT is being used. The results shown here support carrying out further experiments aimed at validating S. magellanica AMPs as novel resources for combating antibacterial resistance

Corporate Credit Default Swap Systematic Factors

This study examines the statistical significance of systematic and firm-specific determinants of Credit Default Swap (CDS) price variations. We cast doubt on the firm-specific determinants showed in prior research to be statistical significance to CDS price variations. In this paper, two research questions are studied: (1) “Which and to what extent systematic factors can explain the individual CDS price variations?” and (2) “Which and to what extent the firm-specific factors can predict CDS spread variations that are not ex- plained by systematic factors?”. We find that systematic factors account for the majority changes of the CDS spreads (R2 = 35%). Merely 4 of 28 firm-specific factors are statistically significant predictors for CDS changes that are not explained by the systematic factors and they have little explanatory power (R2 = 8%). We document that individual CDS variations ca

Turbulence Hierarchy in a Random Fibre Laser

Turbulence is a challenging feature common to a wide range of complex phenomena. Random fibre lasers are a special class of lasers in which the feedback arises from multiple scattering in a one-dimensional disordered cavity-less medium. Here, we report on statistical signatures of turbulence in the distribution of intensity fluctuations in a continuous-wave-pumped erbium-based random fibre laser, with random Bragg grating scatterers. The distribution of intensity fluctuations in an extensive data set exhibits three qualitatively distinct behaviours: a Gaussian regime below threshold, a mixture of two distributions with exponentially decaying tails near the threshold, and a mixture of distributions with stretched-exponential tails above threshold. All distributions are well described by a hierarchical stochastic model that incorporates Kolmogorov's theory of turbulence, which includes energy cascade and the intermittence phenomenon. Our findings have implications for explaining the remarkably challenging turbulent behaviour in photonics, using a random fibre laser as the experimental platform.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure