68 research outputs found
Patent blue and air as an alternative for resection of nonpalpable breast lesions: a case series
Circulation of Different Lineages of Dengue Virus 2, Genotype American/Asian in Brazil: Dynamics and Molecular and Phylogenetic Characterization
The American/Asian genotype of Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) was introduced into the Americas in the 80âČs. Although there is no data showing when this genotype was first introduced into Brazil, it was first detected in Brazil in 1990. After which the virus spread throughout the country and major epidemics occurred in 1998, 2007/08 and 2010. In this study we sequenced 12 DENV-2 genomes obtained from serum samples of patients with dengue fever residing in SĂŁo JosĂ© do Rio Preto, SĂŁo Paulo (SJRP/SP), Brazil, in 2008. The whole open reading frame or envelope sequences were used to perform phylogenetic, phylogeographic and evolutionary analyses. Isolates from SJRP/SP were grouped within one lineage (BR3) close to isolates from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Isolates from SJRP were probably introduced there at least in 2007, prior to its detection in the 2008 outbreak. DENV-2 circulation in Brazil is characterized by the introduction, displacement and circulation of three well-defined lineages in different times, most probably from the Caribbean. Thirty-seven unique amino acid substitutions were observed among the lineages, including seven amino acid differences in domains I to III of the envelope protein. Moreover, we dated here, for the first time, the introduction of American/Asian genotype into Brazil (lineage BR1) to 1988/89, followed by the introduction of lineages BR2 (1998â2000) and BR3 (2003â05). Our results show a delay between the introduction and detection of DENV-2 lineages in Brazil, reinforcing the importance and need for surveillance programs to detect and trace the evolution of these viruses. Additionally, Brazilian DENV-2 differed in genetic diversity, date of introduction and geographic origin and distribution in Brazil, and these are important factors for the evolution, dynamics and control of dengue.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientiÌfico e TecnoloÌgico (CNPq Grant )FundaçaÌo de Amparo aÌ Pesquisa do Estado de SaÌo PauloFundaçaÌo de Amparo aÌ Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG grant
Epidemiological survey of Lutzomyia longipalpis infected by Leishmania infantum in an endemic area of Brazil
O comércio de queijo de coalho na orla de Salvador, Bahia: trabalho infantil e segurança de alimentos
PrevalĂȘncia e fatores de risco para anemia em crianças prĂ©-escolares do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil
The influence of seasonality on fish life stages and residence in surf zones: a case of study in a tropical region
Advances and Perspectives of the use of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae for the control of arthropod pests in poultry production
Tree diversity and above-ground biomass in the South America Cerrado biome and their conservation implications
Less than half of the original two million square kilometers of the Cerrado vegetation remains standing, and there are still many uncertainties as to how to conserve and prioritize remaining areas effectively. A key limitation is the continuing lack of geographically-extensive evaluation of ecosystem-level properties across the biome. Here we sought to address this gap by comparing the woody vegetation of the typical cerrado of the CerradoâAmazonia Transition with that of the core area of the Cerrado in terms of both tree diversity and vegetation biomass. We used 21 one-hectare plots in the transition and 18 in the core to compare key structural parameters (tree height, basal area, and above-ground biomass), and diversity metrics between the regions. We also evaluated the effects of temperature and precipitation on biomass, as well as explored the species diversity versus biomass relationship. We found, for the first time, both that the typical cerrado at the transition holds substantially more biomass than at the core, and that higher temperature and greater precipitation can explain this difference. By contrast, plot-level alpha diversity was almost identical in the two regions. Finally, contrary to some theoretical expectations, we found no positive relationship between species diversity and biomass for the Cerrado woody vegetation. This has implications for the development of effective conservation measures, given that areas with high biomass and importance for the compensation of greenhouse gas emissions are often not those with the greatest diversity
Composition of functional ecological guilds of the fish fauna of the internal sector of the Amazon Estuary, ParĂĄ, Brazil
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