Early recovery after surgery in elective obstetrics-gynaecology surgeries: prospective single-center pilot study

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes employed in elective colorectal, vascular, urologic and orthopaedic surgery has provided strong evidence for decreased hospital stay without increase in postoperative complications. The aim of the study was to explore role and benefits, if any, of ERAS/ERP (early recovery protocols) implemented in patients undergoing elective obstetrics-gynaecological surgeries.Methods: Prospective cohort of 48 consecutive patients undergoing elective obstetrics-gynaecological surgeries were included. ERP included early feeding, urinary catheter removal, mobilisation/physiotherapy, intravenous line removal and optimal oral analgesia. This was compared to control group of 50 patients undergoing similar operations prior to introduction of ERP, SPC group-standard perioperative care. Demographics and indications of surgeries were similar for both groups. The primary end-points were length of stay (LOS) and incidence of complications (Clavien-Dindo classification). Difference in means was tested using the t test assuming unequal variances. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.Results: Two groups, A (non-ERAS/SPC) and B (ERAS) were comparable with regards to demographics and indication of surgery. The mean time to solid diet, urinary catheter removal, mobilization, iv fluid removal and shift to oral analgesia was 2.57, 1.13 (p<0.00001), 1.99 ,1.03 (p<0.00268), 1.63, 1.2 (p<0.00001), 1.72, 1.14 (p<0.00001), 1.8, 1.37 (p<0.00001) days respectively. There were 31 and 21 complications in both groups, respectively (p<0.0097). Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ERAS group, 2.87, 2.61 (p<0.0378).Conclusions: This pilot study shows that ERPs can be successfully implemented with significant shorter hospital stays without increase in postoperative complications in elective obstetrics-gynecology patients

PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PTERIS VITTATA L FROM BHIWANDI

Plants contain a variety of phytochemical compounds that are rich in antioxidant activity, including, lignin, stilbenes, tannins, flavonoids, vitamins, terpenoids, phenolic acids, quinones, alkaloids, amines, betalains, and other metabolites. Numerous of these antioxidant compounds have been shown in studies to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-tumor, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Natural phytochemicals are found in crops like teas, herbs, oilseeds, beans, vegetables and fruits. They have been linked to lower risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other age-related diseases. Recently, there has been a global trend toward the use of these phytochemicals. The objective of this research was to use qualitative and quantitative screening methods to see phytochemicals were present in the methanol extracts Pteris vittata from Bhiwandi including steroids, reducing sugars, triterpenoids, sugars, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and anthraquinones, were tested. More active compounds can be isolated from the selected ferns and they may be used for medicinal purposes in future.&nbsp

Comparative study of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in normal and glaucomatous human eyes as measured by optical coherence tomography

Background: Glaucoma is a disease primarily associated with damage to the Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) bodies and axons, which causes characteristic patterns of Visual Field (VF) and changes in the appearance of the Optic Nerve Head (ONH). This Study Compares Nerve Fibre layer thickness in normal and Glaucomatous Human Eye.Methods: It is a case control observational study carried out in 100 patients in a tertiary eye care hospital in the department of ophthalmology in the period from 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2019.Results: The diagnostic ability for distinguishing between normal and glaucoma patients were same when authors consider average RNFL thickness and average GCC thickness. Diagnostic accuracy increases when authors consider both RNFL and GCC thickness. There was a significant difference in both RNFL and GCC thickness between normal and glaucoma patient (p<0.001). The mean deviation shows a significant correlation with all the parameters in eyes with glaucoma (<0.001).Conclusions: RNFL thickness as measured by OCT showed statistically significant correlation with glaucoma. RNFL seems to have higher sensitivity and specificity for the detection of early glaucoma. Diagnostic accuracy increases when we include other parameters like RNFL and visual fields

A Comparative Study on Routing schemes for Wireless Network

Ubiquitous smart devices with embedded sensors are paving the way for mobile ad hoc networks (ad-hoc network) that enable users to communicate directly, thereby playing a key role in Smart City and Internet of Things applications. In such smart environments, people with smart devices (nodes) can freely self-organize and form self-configuring ad-hoc network to send and forward data packets to a destination over multiple hops via intermediate nodes. Wireless Networks includes a larger advantage in today’s communication application like environmental, traffic, military, and health observation. To realize these applications it's necessary to possess a reliable routing protocol. The main motivation of this paper is to review various routing schemes in ad-hoc network that have recently been proposed to enhance throughput when transmitting and receiving packets during active communication. The review covers various state-of-the-art protocols for each category and highlights their operation concepts, design challenges and key features. In addition, the performance evaluation metrics are also discussed

DC Motor Dual Close-Loop PID Speed-Tuning System on The Basis of ABC Algorithm

The DC Servo Motors has top position in various servo motor mechanisms. It is important to study DC Servo motor stability for position control study. Generally transient responses of DC Servo Motor are improved by using PID controller. Currently, to provide workable initial value most tuning methods have been designed. DC servo motor stability for the speed get unstable without any controller . The stability of the system get unstable after 2 second . When the design system will work without PID controller then the stability of the current and speed of the motor is not stable . it is verifying in the form of sinusoidal waveform . For any good design system , system will work in a stable form for current and speed graph . As the graph is showing that the graphs of the DC servo motor is stable up to 2 sec. But the after 2 second the graphs will get unstable . This type of problem can damage the complete model where this type of motor will be used . In this paper we are improving the stability of the current and speed for the DC motor by apply PID controller

Adjoining Internet of Things with Data Mining : A Survey

The Interactive Data Corporative (IDC) conjectures that by 2025 the worldwide data circle will develop to 163ZB (that is a trillion gigabytes) which is ten times the 16.1ZB of information produced in 2016. The Internet of Things is one of the hot topics of this living century and researchers are heading for mass adoption 2019 driven by better than-expected business results. This information will open one of a kind of user experience and another universe of business opening. The huge information produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) are considered of high business esteem, and information mining calculations can be connected to IoT to extract hidden data from information. This paper concisely discusses the work done in sequential manner of time in different fields of IOT along with its outcome and research gap. This paper also discusses the various aspects of data mining functionalities with IOT. The recommendation for the Challenges in IOT that can be adopted for betterment is given. Finally, this paper presents the vision for how IOT will have impact on changing the distant futur

IMCI approach in Tertiary hospitals, India

Objective: This study was conducted to compare physicians' diagnosis with Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) algorithm generated diagnosis in hospitalized children aged 2-59 months. Methods: Recruited were patients aged 2-59 months admitted with one or more IMCI danger signs. IMCI and physician's diagnosis were noted and compared. Results: In 222 included subjects, mean duration of illness was 9.4 (SD: 16.5) days. Among those with cough or difficult breathing, 44 (19.8%) and 66 (29.7%) were diagnosed as either severe pneumonia or mild to moderate pneumonia by physicians and IMCI algorithm, respectively (p= 0.015). Among 146 presenting as fever, 140 (95.9%) were diagnosed as very severe febrile disease by the IMCI algorithm, whereas physicians diagnosed these as either malaria in 10/146 (6.7%), pyogenic meningitis in 47/146 (32.2%), sepsis in 31/146 (21.3%), tuberculous meningitis in 17/146 (11.6%), encephalitis in 5/146 (3.4%), measles in 3/146 (2.1%) or others in 24/146 (16.4%). Conclusion: As there was a low concordance between physician and IMCI algorithmic diagnosis of pneumonia (Kappa value= 0.74, 95% CI: (0.64-0.84)) and since very severe febrile disease is not a diagnosis made by the physicians, the IMCI algorithms have to be refined for appropriate management of these conditions

Practical Shortcoming in Implementation of Information Security Management Systems

Information security has always been a global challenge and has gone even tougher with the revolutionary updates in technologies and easier reach to the information in digital form. Protection of vital information about business and persons (staff, vendors, and customers) has always been a big challenge for organizations from every market segment. Companies have been spending a big part of their revenue on ensuring information security and many international standards have been defined for this. Yet, the challenge is continuously increasing and so is the budget spent on it. This white paper highlights some most practical shortcomings in the security systems common for multiple market segments

Implementation of ISMS and its Practical Shortcomings

Information security has been a global issue and challenge from many years. Protection of vital information of the organization has always been a huge challenge for all as millions of intruders put continuous efforts to get access to this information. The information whether stored in physical form on papers or in electronic form in computers, is the most critical element of any successful business and its high values make it the focused target of intruders. Organizational data face threats from external as well as internal factors of the organizations and there is no surprise that organizations implement security measures for their data assets in their premises and networks. Companies spend huge efforts, time, and money on the security of their crucial data and make best possible efforts to keep their data confidential and private yet face losses at many places due to limitations of their security systems. This white paper highlights some most common practical shortcomings in the security systems of the companies

Rice response to simultaneous biotic and abiotic stresses

With the predicted climate change and an ever-growing population there is increasing pressure to develop crop plants with improved stress responses, increased yield and high nutritive value. We have explored transcriptomic changes in the leaves and roots of rice plants (Oryza sativa japonica cv Nipponbare) in response to drought and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. A glasshouse model was developed to mimic conditions experienced by rice plants in the field. The plant responses under simultaneous biotic and abiotic stress were dominated by the drought element accompanied by a unique set of genes that were only responsive to the simultaneous stress. Highlighted within this group were novel members of stress-responsive gene families for example cytochrome P450, wall-associated kinases, lipid transfer proteinlike proteins and new candidate genes that may play important roles in the response of rice to multiple stresses. The genes that were differentially regulated between the multiple and the drought stress treatment were explored using loss-of-function mutants. The loss-of-function mutant for peroxidase precursor gene (per) showed improved growth and yield compared to the wildtype Nipponbare plants. The experiments conducted in growth rooms were validated in a field study. Both Nipponbare rice plants, and the popular lowland indica rice cv IR64 were grown under prolonged vegetative drought stress accompanied by cyst nematode or root-knot nematode infection. Reduction of phytate, an anti-nutrient, has been adopted as a major strategy to improve the nutritional value of crop plants. Nematode susceptibility of low phytate Arabidopsis plants was studied to determine the effect of reduced phytate content on the plant’s defence response. The study has provided insight into the genome-wide transcriptional changes in rice under a combined biotic and abiotic stress. It has led to better understanding of the stress responses in plants that will be advantageous in developing crop varieties with improved yield and nutritive value