Preparação e caracterização de hidrogel com nanopartícula de cério, calendula officinalis e bixa orellana L. como potenciais curativos de feridas crônicas.

O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias e descobrimento de novos ativos tem proporcionado um grande avanço no tratamento de feridas, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Assim, em todo o mundo tem-se observado um crescente interesse no uso do hidrogel para aplicações como curativos de ferimentos, uma vez que favorecem o alivio da dor. Além disso, os hidrogéis também podem ser aplicados como matrizes para sistema de liberação controlada de princípios ativos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi incorporar a nanopartícula de cério, a Calendula officinalis e a Bixa orellana L. como ativos em membranas de hidrogel para avaliar a eficiência na cicatrização. A nanopartícula de cério, a Calendula officinalis e a Bixa orellana L. são ativos que possuem uma excelente ação anti-inflamatória, antioxidante e antibacteriana. Foi realizado o estudo das propriedades mecânicas, físico-quimicas e a biocompatibilidade in vivo das membranas de hidrogel de poli(vinilpirrolidona) (PVP), obtidas por reticulação pela radiação gama. As membranas preparadas neste trabalho foram caracterizadas por intumescimento, fração-gel, ensaio de tração, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, difração de raio-X, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e microscopia de força atômica. A matriz de hidrogel sintetizada mostrou ser uma ótima base para receber os ativos propostos. O teste in vivo desses hidrogéis mostrou ser promissor para aplicar no processo de cicatrização, depositadas diretamente em superfície lesionadas, sendo que os hidrogéis com Calendula officinalis apresentaram melhor contribuição para redução no tamanho do ferimento

STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION OF MULTIPLEX CHARGES BASED ON INTERIOR BALLISTICS SIMULATIONS

Multiplex charges combine propellant grains with regressive, neutral and progressive burning behaviors in a single propellant charge to improve the interior ballistics. This work optimizes the mass and the web thickness of each type of propellant grain used in a multiplex charge. Two optimization problems are studied: the maximization of the muzzle velocity and the minimization of the maximum pressure inside the gun. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE) were used to solve the optimization problems. The interior ballistics of a 155 mm howitzer was simulated by using a lumped parameters model. In this model, the lost energy and the resistance pressure are defined by spline functions based on reference data. The results show that optimized multiplex charges can be used to increase the weapon’s utility range and to reduce the weapon’s weight

Uso de óleos essenciais de cravo-da-índia, melaleuca, eucalipto e menta na sedação de peixe.

Com objetivo de avaliar o efeito no comportamento, tempo para sedação e tempo para recuperação de soluções preparadas com óleos essenciais extraídos de quatro tipos vegetais, com a finalidade de reduzir estresse dos peixes.Organizado por: Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; AQUACIÊNCIA 2012

Comportamento de lagartas de Spodopetra frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) parasitadas por chelonus insularis (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), sobre plantas de milho.

This research was conducted in greenhouse at the National Corn and Sorghum research center of Embrapa in Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil. It aimed to study the general behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda lervae attacked by the egg-larval parasitoid Chelonus Insularis. Fourteen parasitized and fourteen non-parasitized 3 days old host larvae evaluated using a visual scale form zero to five. On 6th observation day plant corn leaf, regardless of being parasitized. Healthy larvae presented high mobility and caused higher damage on the plants than parasitized larvae which pupate earlier

Aspectos biológicos do parasitoide Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera, braconidae) criados em ovos de Spodoptera frugiperda, noctuidae).

Biological aspects of the parasitoid Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera, braconidae) reared on eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda(Smith) (Lepidoptera, braconidae). Biological aspects of Chelonus insularis (Cresson, 1865) an egg-larval parasitoid reared on Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) eggs helonus insularis (Cresson, 1865) has been cited in the international literature as a promissing biological control agent against the fall armyworm. Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797). Its field occurrence in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais (Brasil) has been increasing in the last years. For these reasons this experiment was conducted in the laboratory, at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, of EMBRAPA, under temperature of 25oC, RH of 73% and phophate of 12 hours. Ten couples of the parasitoid were individually placed in a glass jar (5 liters capacity). They were fed on a 10% sugar solution. Each couple received one fall armyworm egg mass to oviposit during a 24 hour period. After hatching, the larvae were fed on artificial bean diet, up to the death caused by the parasitoid larvae. The total biological life cycle was 26,61 days on the average (larval period of 20,42 and pupal period of 6.19 days). The average weight of two days - old pupae was 0.02g. The adult longevity was on average, 10 days (8,4 days for males and 11.6 days for females). The greatest rate of parasitism occurred when the female was three days old, with a maximum of 92 eggs parasitized in that day

Levantamento fitossociológico de plantas daninhas em sorgo sacarino semeado em diferentes espaçamentos e densidades.

Edição dos Resumos do 1º Seminário de Agroecologia da América do Sul, 5º Seminário de Agroecologia de Mato Grosso do Sul, 4º Encontro de Produtores Agroecológicos de Mato Grosso do Sul, 1º Seminário de Sistemas Agroflorestais em Bases Agroecológicas de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, nov. 2014

Sucrose in detoxification of coffee plants with glyphosate drift.

The weed control in coffee plants has great importance, as they compete for light, water and nutrients. The chemical control is the most used, emphasizing the glyphosate, however, when applied, drift can occur and consequently cause injuries to coffee. Many farmers use the sucrose application with the objective to reverse the damage caused by the herbicide drift, even without scientific basis to justify such action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sucrose application on the detoxification of coffee plants in the implantation phase with glyphosate drift. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design, arranged in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme with 2 additional treatments, using 3 sucrose doses (2, 4 and 8%) with 3 application times (1, 24 and 168 hours after intoxication with 10% of the commercial glyphosate dose) with an additional one in which the plants were not intoxicated and not treated with sucrose and another only with plants intoxicated by glyphosate. After 75 days performing the experiment, growth, physiological and anatomical characteristics were evaluated. The application of sucrose in the reversal of intoxication of growth variables (height, leaf area number of leaves, shoot dry weight and dry weight of the root system) was not efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sucrose application on the detoxification of coffee plants in the implantation phase with glyphosate drift. For the physiological variables the application of 2% sucrose, one hour after glyphosate intoxication was the most efficient treatment

Agronomic techniques for mitigating the effects of water restriction on coffee crops.

Water restriction significantly affects coffee (Coffea arabica L.) production. The study of a few agronomic techniques that optimizes water use can generate technologies for mitigating the effects of climatic variations on coffee crops. The aim in this study was to indicate agronomic techniques that mitigate the effects of water restriction on coffee crops. For this end, we analyzed the morphophysiological changes in coffee plants cultivated in a greenhouse with different types of fertilizers and soil conditioners and under two levels of irrigation. The evaluations were performed 130 days after planting, assessing the morphological and physiological characteristics of the plants. We also quantified soil moisture in the different treatments. The water restriction expressively hindered plant growth. The use of controlled release fertilizers and soil conditioners, especially coffee husk, is indicated for mitigating water restriction in coffee crops.Projeto 109 (Concafé)

Organic Control Of Dioctahedral And Trioctahedral Clay Formation In An Alkaline Soil System In The Pantanal Wetland Of Nhecolandia, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Recent studies have focused on the formation of authigenic clays in an alkaline soil system surrounding lakes of the Nhecolandia region, Pantanal wetland. The presence of trioctahedral Mg-smectites (stevensite and saponite types), which requires low Al and Fe contents in the soil solution for its formation, contrasts with the neoformation of dioctahedral Fe-mica (glauconite, and Fe-illite), which instead requires solutions relatively enriched in Al and Fe. This study aims to understand the conditions of co-existence of both, Mg-smectite and Fe-mica a common clay association in former or modern alkaline soil systems and sediments. The study was carried out along an alkaline soil catena representative of the region. The soil organization revealed that Mg-smectite occur in top soil close to the lake, whereas Fe-mica dominate in the clay fraction of deeper greenish horizons a few meters apart. We propose here that this spatial distribution is controlled by the lateral transfer of Fe and Al with organic ligands. Alkaline organic rich solutions (DOC up to 738 mg L-1) collected in the watertable were centrifuged and filtered through membranes of decreasing pore size (0.45 mu m, 0.2 mu m, 30 KDa, 10 KDa, 3 KDa) to separate colloidal and dissolved fractions. Fe, Al, Si, Mg and K were analysed for each fraction. Although the filtration had no influence on Si and K contents, almost 90% of Fe (up to 2.3 mg L-1) and Al (up to 7 mg L-1) are retained at the first cutoff threshold of 0.45 mu m. The treatment of the same solutions by oxygen peroxide before filtration shows that a large proportion of Fe and Al were bonded to organic colloids in alkaline soil solution at the immediate lake border, allowing Mg-smectite precipitation. The fast mineralization of the organic matter a few meters apart from the lake favors the release of Fe and Al necessary for Fe-mica neoformation. In comparison with chemical and mineralogical characteristics of alkaline environments described in the literature, the study suggests that the co-existence of trioctahedral Mg-smectite and dioctahedral Fe-mica should be regarded as a standard occurrence in alkaline soil systems with organic rich waters.117Sao Paulo State Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2011/12770-0, 2013/09192-0]National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [405898/2012-6, 443030/2015-4]National Institute of Sciences of the Universe (INSU-Ec2co)Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)Consulate of France in Sao PauloSao Paulo UniversityCampinas State UniversityFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES