270 research outputs found
Pengaruh Dosis Dan Frekuensi Pemberian Bio-Slurry Kotoran Kambing Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Tomat
Tanaman tomat memiliki potensi dan manfaat untuk dikembangkan. Upaya peningkatan produksi tomat perlu dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Upaya tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk organik secara efektif sebagai penyediaan unsur hara tanaman tomat. Penelitian bertujuan menggali informasi dosis dan frekuensi pemberian bio slurry kotoran kambing hasil fermentasi Mol Trichoderma sp. yang efektif untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat. Penelitian bertempat di lahan Dusun Gandu, Desa Mlaras, Sumobito, Jombang bulan Februari sampai bulan Mei 2022. Rancangan percobaan dalam penelitian adalah RAL faktorial dua faktor, yaitu dosis bio slurry kotoran kambing dan frekuensi pemberian bio slurry kotoran kambing yang dikombinasikan menjadi 16 dan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi dosis dan frekuensi pemberian memiliki interaksi terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur muncul bunga, jumlah total bunga, dan diameter buah. Perlakuan dosis dan frekuensi pemberian secara faktor tunggal masing-masing memberikan pengaruh nyata pada parameter hasil tanaman tomat. Kombinasi perlakuan dosis 75 ml/liter air dan 4x frekuensi pemberian bio slurry kotoran kambing hasil fermentasi Mol Trichoderma sp. memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik
The bright optical afterglow of the nearby gamma-ray burst of 29 March 2003
Many past studies of cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been limited
because of the large distance to typical GRBs, resulting in faint afterglows.
There has long been a recognition that a nearby GRB would shed light on the
origin of these mysterious cosmic explosions, as well as the physics of their
fireballs. However, GRBs nearer than z=0.2 are extremely rare, with an
estimated rate of localisation of one every decade. Here, we report the
discovery of bright optical afterglow emission from GRB 030329. Our prompt
dissemination and the brilliance of the afterglow resulted in extensive
followup (more than 65 telescopes) from radio through X-ray bands, as well as
measurement of the redshift, z=0.169. The gamma-ray and afterglow properties of
GRB 030329 are similar to those of cosmological GRBs (after accounting for the
small distance), making this the nearest known cosmological GRB. Observations
have already securely identified the progenitor as a massive star that exploded
as a supernova, and we anticipate futher revelations of the GRB phenomenon from
studies of this source.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures. Original tex
Checklist of mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) on the coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia
Mangroves are crucial transition zone ecosystems providing sheltered nursery zones and abundant marine and terrestrial biota resources. Mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) are ecologically important ecosystem engineers, trophic links for higher predators, and a source of human food and livelihoods. Mangrove snails are also ideal bioindicators to monitor environmental pollution. A strong baseline understanding of current richness and distribution is therefore important. Thus, this study provides data on the species composition of mangrove snails on the north coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted during low tide at four stations from September to November 2022 using square transects. Ten families consisted of Cerithiidae, Cypraeidae, Fasciolariidae, Muricidae, Naticadae, Neritidae, Plaxidae, Potamididae, Trochidae, and Turbinidae comprising 20 genera and 24 species. The most dominant family found is Muricidae, with six genera and eight species. Most mangrove snails were found in rocky, sandy substrates, around trees, and mangrove roots. Gastropods observed in this study were alive and dead (i.e., empty shells). We suspect that there is still much-hidden diversity of Gastropoda in this region. Therefore, we suggest that future work addresses differences in microhabitat and snail morphology with quantitative and semi-quantitative methods to understand distribution drivers and ecological roles better
What do -ray bursts look like?
There have been great and rapid progresses in the field of -ray
bursts (denoted as GRBs) since BeppoSAX and other telescopes discovered their
afterglows in 1997. Here, we will first give a brief review on the
observational facts of GRBs and direct understanding from these facts, which
lead to the standard fireball model. The dynamical evolution of the fireball is
discussed, especially a generic model is proposed to describe the whole
dynamical evolution of GRB remnant from highly radiative to adiabatic, and from
ultra-relativistic to non-relativistic phase. Then, Various deviations from the
standard model are discussed to give new information about GRBs and their
environment. In order to relax the energy crisis, the beaming effects and their
possible observational evidences are also discussed in GRB's radiations.Comment: 10 pages, Latex. Invited talk at the Pacific Rim Conference on
Stellar Astrophysics, Hong Kong, China, Aug. 199
Relativistic ejecta from XRF 060218 and the rate of cosmic explosions
Over the last decade, long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) including the
subclass of X-ray flashes (XRFs) have been revealed to be a rare variety of
Type Ibc supernova (SN). While all these events result from the death of
massive stars, the electromagnetic luminosities of GRBs and XRFs exceed those
of ordinary Type Ibc SNe by many orders of magnitude. The essential physical
process that causes a dying star to produce a GRB or XRF, and not just an SN,
remains the crucial open question. Here we present radio and X-ray observations
of XRF 060218 (associated with SN 2006aj), the second nearest GRB identified
to-date, which allow us to measure its total energy and place it in the larger
context of cosmic explosions. We show that this event is 100 times less
energetic but ten times more common than cosmological GRBs. Moreover, it is
distinguished from ordinary Type Ibc SNe by the presence of 10^48 erg coupled
to mildly-relativistic ejecta, along with a central engine (an accretion-fed,
rapidly rotating compact source) which produces X-rays for weeks after the
explosion. This suggests that the production of relativistic ejecta is the key
physical distinction between GRBs/XRFs and ordinary SNe, while the nature of
the central engine (black hole or magnetar) may distinguish typical bursts from
low-luminosity, spherical events like XRF 060218.Comment: To appear in Nature on August 31 2006 (15 pages, 3 figures, 1 table,
including Supplementary Information
A Common Origin for Cosmic Explosions Inferred from Fireball Calorimetry
Past studies suggest that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have a
standard energy of E_gamma ~ 10^51 erg in ultra-relativistic ejecta when
corrected for asymmetry ("jets"). However, recently a group of sub-energetic
bursts, including the peculiar GRB 980425 associated with SN 1998bw (E_gamma ~
10^48 erg), has been identified. Here we report radio observations of GRB
030329, the nearest burst to date, which allow us to undertake calorimetry of
the explosion. Our observations require a two-component explosion: a narrow (5
degrees) ultra-relativistic component responsible for the gamma-rays and early
afterglow, and a wide, mildly relativistic component responsible for the radio
and optical afterglow beyond 1.5 days. While the gamma-rays are energetically
minor, the total energy release, dominated by the wide component, is similar to
that of other GRBs. Given the firm link of GRB 030329 with SN 2003dh our result
suggests a common origin for cosmic explosions in which, for reasons not
understood, the energy in the highest velocity ejecta is highly variableComment: Accepted to Natur
First Results from the AMoRE-Pilot neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
The Advanced Molybdenum-based Rare process Experiment (AMoRE) aims to search
for neutrinoless double beta decay (0) of Mo with
100 kg of Mo-enriched molybdenum embedded in cryogenic detectors
with a dual heat and light readout. At the current, pilot stage of the AMoRE
project we employ six calcium molybdate crystals with a total mass of 1.9 kg,
produced from Ca-depleted calcium and Mo-enriched molybdenum
(CaMoO). The simultaneous detection of
heat(phonon) and scintillation (photon) signals is realized with high
resolution metallic magnetic calorimeter sensors that operate at milli-Kelvin
temperatures. This stage of the project is carried out in the Yangyang
underground laboratory at a depth of 700 m. We report first results from the
AMoRE-Pilot search with a 111 kgd live exposure of
CaMoO crystals. No evidence for
decay of Mo is found, and a upper limit is set for the
half-life of 0 of Mo of y at 90% C.L.. This limit corresponds to an effective
Majorana neutrino mass limit in the range eV
Test-retest repeatability of child's respiratory symptoms and perceived indoor air quality - comparing self-and parent-administered questionnaires
Background: Questionnaires can be used to assess perceived indoor air quality and symptoms in schools. Questionnaires for primary school aged children have traditionally been parent-administered, but self-administered questionnaires would be easier to administer and may yield as good, if not better, information. Our aim was to compare the repeatability of self- and parent-administered indoor air questionnaires designed for primary school aged pupils. Methods: Indoor air questionnaire with questions on child's symptoms and perceived indoor air quality in schools was sent to parents of pupils aged 7-12 years in two schools and again after two weeks. Slightly modified version of the questionnaire was administered to pupils aged 9-12 years in another two schools and repeated after a week. 351 (52%) parents and 319 pupils (86%) answered both the first and the second questionnaire. Test-retest repeatability was assessed with intra-class correlation (ICC) and Cohen's kappa coefficients (k). Results: Test-retest repeatability was generally between 0.4-0.7 (ICC; k) in both self-and parent-administered questionnaire. In majority of the questions on symptoms and perceived indoor air quality test-retest repeatability was at the same level or slightly better in self-administered compared to parent-administered questionnaire. Agreement of self-and parent administered questionnaires was generally <0.4 (ICC; k) in reported symptoms and 0.4-0.6 (ICC; k) in perceived indoor air quality. Conclusions: Children aged 9-12 years can give as, or even more, repeatable information about their respiratory symptoms and perceived indoor air quality than their parents. Therefore, it may be possible to use self-administered questionnaires in future studies also with children.Peer reviewe
5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 located on the mitochondrial membrane and functionally regulated mitochondrial functions
5-HT has been reported to possess significant effects on cardiac activities, but activation of 5-HTR on the cell membrane failed to illustrate the controversial cardiac reaction. Because 5-HT constantly comes across the cell membrane via 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) into the cytoplasm, whether 5-HTR is functional present on the cellular organelles is unknown. Here we show 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 were located in cardiac mitochondria, and regulated mitochondrial activities and cellular functions. Knock down 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 in neonatal cardiomyocytes resulted in significant increase of cell damage in response to hypoxia, and also led to alternation in heart beating. Activation of 5-HTR4 attenuated mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake under the both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, whereas 5-HTR3 augmented Ca2+ uptake only under hypoxia. 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 exerted the opposite effects on the mitochondrial respiration: 5-HTR3 increased RCR (respiration control ratio), but 5-HTR4 reduced RCR. Moreover, activation of 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 both significantly inhibited the opening of mPTP. Our results provided the first evidence that 5-HTR as a GPCR and an ion channel, functionally expressed in mitochondria and participated in the mitochondria function and regulation to maintain homeostasis of mitochondrial [Ca2+], ROS, and ATP generation efficiency in cardiomyocytes in response to stress and O2 tension
Alcohol Consumption and Dietary Patterns: The FinDrink Study
The aim of this population-based study was to investigate differences in dietary patterns in relation to the level of alcohol consumption among Finnish adults. This study was part of the FinDrink project, an epidemiologic study on alcohol use among Finnish population. It utilized data from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. A total of 1720 subjects comprising of 816 men and 904 women aged 53–73 years were included in the study in 1998–2001. Food intake was collected via a 4-day food diary method. Self-reported alcohol consumption was assessed with quantity-frequency method based on the Nordic Alcohol Consumption Inventory. Weekly alcohol consumption was categorized into three groups: non-drinkers (<12 grams), moderate drinkers (12–167.9 grams for men, 12–83.9 grams for women) and heavy drinkers (≥168 grams for men, ≥84 grams for women). Data were analyzed for men and women separately using multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, occupational status, marital status, smoking, body mass index and leisure time physical activity. In women, moderate/heavy drinkers had lower fibre intake and moderate drinkers had higher vitamin D intake than non-drinkers. Male heavy drinkers had lower fibre, retinol, calcium and iron intake, and moderate/heavy drinkers had higher vitamin D intake than non-drinkers. Fish intake was higher among women moderate drinkers and men moderate/heavy drinkers than non-drinkers. In men, moderate drinkers had lower fruit intake and heavy drinkers had lower milk intake than non-drinkers. Moderate drinkers had higher energy intake from total fats and monosaturated fatty acids than non-drinkers. In contrast, energy intake from carbohydrates was lower among moderate/heavy drinkers than non-drinkers. In conclusion, especially male heavy drinkers had less favorable nutritional intake than moderate and non-drinkers. Further studies on the relationship between alcohol consumption and dietary habits are needed to plan a comprehensive dietary intervention programs in future
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