The Future of Mobile Industry

This paper discusses the future of mobile industry along with some of the background leading to the emergence of wireless technology. First, it gives an overview of today’s telecommunication network and the major differences between fixed wired networks and wireless networks. The discussion then focuses on the challenges facing the wireless industry and the way out through aggressive innovation by employing Wireless Intelligence Network (WIN) technology. The paper also discusses some important trends in wireless industry and the customers expectations which are also part of the challenges for the mobile industry. Finally particular reference is made to the developing nations especially Nigeria in the ongoing trends in mobile communication industry

Agroforestry for food in the U.S. corn belt: key aspects of tree crop improvement to enable novel systems

N/

Design issues toward a cost effective physical layer for multiband OFDM (ECMA-368) in consumer products

The creation of Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) offers the Consumer Electronics industry a mechanism to truly unwire consumer products, leading to portability and ease of installation as never seen before. WPAN's can offer data-rates exceeding those that are required to convey high quality broadcast video, thus users can easily connect to high quality video for multimedia presentations in education, libraries, advertising, or have a wireless connection at home. There have been many WPAN proposals, but this paper concentrates on ECMA-368 as this standard has the largest industrial and implementers' forum backing. With the aim to effective consumer electronic define and create cost equipment this paper discusses the technology behind ECMA-368 physical layer, the design freedom availabilities, the required processing, buffer memory requirements and implementation considerations while concentrating on supporting all the offered data-rates(1)

Fish and fisheries of Bakolori Reservoir

Details are given of fisheries activities carried out in Bakolori Reservoir within the context of many and varied functions of Sokoto Rima River Basin Development Authority. Experimental fishing was conducted for 55 days in 1979 when the reservoir was only one year old and the exercise continued in 1980 and 1981 also for 85 and 52 days respectively. During the exercise, the catch per unit effort showed an increasing trend with increasing efforts by four times to that of the initial. The fish harvest was 1.205 kg/day when 3.8 nets were operated in 1979, this went up to 3.2 kg when the number of nets were increased to 8.37/day in 1980. This increasing trend continued in 1981 season also when 16.15 nets caught 5.756 kg fish per day. A direct relationship was observed in the fishing efforts and catch. Tilapia, Clarias, Labeo, Schilbe and Synodontis spp, were the most predominant fish species in the catch and contributed more than 97% of the total fish harves

THE USE OF FLASHCARDS IN TEACHING VOCABULARY IN THE KINDERGARTEN IN ANGKASA BALIKPAPAN

Learning language is not only a matter acquiring a set of roles and building up large vocabulary, but also enabling to use it. The vocabulary is one major problems. Confronting English foreign. However understanding it is not always easy for everybody especially for children. An English teacher place is very important role in an English instruction since he/she is one of the factors that determines whether the teaching will be successful or unsuccessful. The teacher has to be able to apply various techniques in teaching English because the student at kindergarten school prefer to learn by playing. So the teacher can use of various media like flashcard that to teach vocabulary for student in the kindergarten. In this study the writer used descriptive research. Gay (1987) said that typical descriptive study deal with the assessment of attitudes, opinions, demographist information, condition, and procedure. The accessible population of this study is 50% student and only fourth teacher. The researcher uses two kind of instruments to collect the data. They are observation and interview. Observation is used to get the data of the use of flashcard by the teacher in teaching vocabulary. The interview in this study is give to the teacher. There are two (2) statement of problem: those are: 1) How does the teacher use the flashcard to teach vocabulary in the kindergarten in ankasa balikpapan. 2) what the problems when the teacher use the flashcard to teach vocabulary in the kindergarten in Angkasa Balikpapan. The purpose of this study are: 1) to know the teacher use the flashcard to teach vocabulary in the kindergarten in Angkasa Balikpapan. 2) To know problem the problem when the teacher use the flashcard in the kindergarten in Angkasa Balikpapan. The result of study shows that teacher used first type of flashcard with teacher presents new vocabulary and practice to read them, and then the teacher has problem solving when teacher has the problem when use the flashcard. By using the flashcard the student ability at kindergarten in vocabulary subject increases. So the English lesson is not difficult interesting. Hopefully this can provide the data on the remedial teaching especially on teaching vocabulary in the kindergarten

Light-induced removal of 180° ferroelectric domains in Rh:BaTiO₃

We show that optically-induced photorefractive space-charge fields can remove 180° ferroelectric domains in rhodium-doped barium titanate. The cross section of the domains must be small (less than 100 microns) for this process to occur

Reuleaux plasticity : improving Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager.

The yielding of soil exhibits both a Lode angle dependency and a dependency on the intermediate principal stress. Ignoring these leads to a loss of realism in geotechnical analysis, yet neither of the widely used Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) or Drucker-Prager (D-P) models include both. This paper presents a simple pressure-dependent plasticity model based on a modified Reuleaux (mR) triangle which overcomes these limitations and yet (like the M-C and D-P formulations) allows for an analytical backward-Euler stress integration solution scheme. This latter feature is not found in more sophisticated (and computationally expensive) models. The mR deviatoric function is shown to provide a significantly improved fit to experimental data when compared with the M-C and D-P functions. Finite deformation finite-element analysis of the expansion of a cylindrical cavity is presented, verifying the use of the mR constitutive model for practical analyses

Enhancing MB-OFDM throughput with dual circular 32-QAM

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Dual Carrier Modulation (DCM) are currently used as the modulation schemes for Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM) in the ECMA-368 defined Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radio platform. ECMA-368 has been chosen as the physical radio platform for many systems including Wireless USB (W-USB), Bluetooth 3.0 and Wireless HDMI; hence ECMA-368 is an important issue to consumer electronics and the users experience of these products. To enable the transport of high-rate USB, ECMA-368 offers up to 480 Mb/s instantaneous bit rate to the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, but depending on radio channel conditions dropped packets unfortunately result in a lower throughput. This paper presents an alternative high data rate modulation scheme that fits within the configuration of the current standard increasing system throughput by achieving 600 Mb/s (reliable to 3.1 meters) thus maintaining the high rate USB throughput even with a moderate level of dropped packets. The modulation system is termed Dual Circular 32-QAM (DC 32-QAM). The system performance for DC 32-QAM modulation is presented and compared with 16-QAM and DCM1