How to erase surface plasmon fringes

We report the realization of a dual surface plasmon polariton (SPP) microscope based on leakage radiation (LR) analysis. The microscope can either image SPP propagation in the direct space or tin the Fourier space. This particularity allows in turn manipulation of the LR image for a clear separation of different interfering SPP contributions present close to optical nanoelements.Comment: Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 091117 (2006

Drop impact upon micro- and nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces

We experimentally investigate drop impact dynamics onto different superhydrophobic surfaces, consisting of regular polymeric micropatterns and rough carbon nanofibers, with similar static contact angles. The main control parameters are the Weber number \We and the roughness of the surface. At small \We, i.e. small impact velocity, the impact evolutions are similar for both types of substrates, exhibiting Fakir state, complete bouncing, partial rebouncing, trapping of an air bubble, jetting, and sticky vibrating water balls. At large \We, splashing impacts emerge forming several satellite droplets, which are more pronounced for the multiscale rough carbon nanofiber jungles. The results imply that the multiscale surface roughness at nanoscale plays a minor role in the impact events for small \We \apprle 120 but an important one for large \We \apprge 120. Finally, we find the effect of ambient air pressure to be negligible in the explored parameter regime \We \apprle 150Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Qualitätsprodukt Erziehungsberatung. Empfehlungen zu Leistungen, Qualitätsmerkmalen und Kennziffern

Neben einer Beschreibung der Leistung Erziehungs- und Familienberatung - Beratung und Therapie, präventive Angebote und Vernetzungsaktivitäten - werden ihre Qualitätsmerkmale - gegliedert nach Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität - ausführlich dargestellt und Kennziffern zu ihrer quantitativen Erfassung vorgeschlagen. Der Anhang enthält u.a. eine Kurzfassung der vorliegenden Empfehlungen zu Leistungen, Qualitätsmerkmalen und Kennziffern. (DIPF/Autor

Anomalies and WZW-term of two-flavour QCD

The U(2)_R x U(2)_L symmetry of QCD with two massless flavours is subject to anomalies which affect correlation functions involving the singlet currents A^0_\mu or V^0_\mu. These are relevant for pion-photon interactions, because - for two flavours - the electromagnetic current contains a singlet piece. We give the effective Lagrangian required for the corresponding low energy analysis to next-to-leading order, without invoking an expansion in the mass of the strange quark. In particular, the Wess-Zumino-Witten term that accounts for the two-flavour anomalies within the effective theory is written down in closed form.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur

Muon Physics: A Pillar of the Standard Model

Since its discovery in the 1930s, the muon has played an important role in our quest to understand the sub-atomic theory of matter. The muon was the first second-generation standard-model particle to be discovered, and its decay has provided information on the (Vector -Axial Vector) structure of the weak interaction, the strength of the weak interaction, G_F, and the conservation of lepton number (flavor) in muon decay. The muon's anomalous magnetic moment has played an important role in restricting theories of physics beyond the standard standard model, where at present there is a 3.4 standard-deviation difference between the experiment and standard-model theory. Its capture on the atomic nucleus has provided valuable information on the modification of the weak current by the strong interaction which is complementary to that obtained from nuclear beta decay.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures. Invited paper for the Journal of Physical Society in Japan (JPSJ), Special Topics Issue "Frontiers of Elementary Particle Physics, The Standard Model and beyond

The quark loop calculation of the gamma -> 3 pi form factor

The presently experimentally interesting form factor for the anomalous process gamma -> pi^+ pi^0 pi^- is calculated as the quark "box"-amplitude where the intermediate fermion loop is the one of constituent quarks with the pseudoscalar coupling to pions. This also corresponds to the form factor, in the lowest order in pion interactions, of the sigma-model and of the chiral quark model. We give the analytic expression for the form factor in terms of an expansion in the pion momenta up to the order O(p^8) relative to the soft point result, and also perform its exact numerical evaluation. We compare our predictions with those of the vector meson dominance and chiral perturbation theory, as well as with the scarce data available so far.Comment: revtex, 12 pages including 3 eps figure