518 research outputs found
Effect of cation size variance on spin and orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO
We have investigated the -ion ( = rare earth or Y) size variance effect
on spin/orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO. The
size variance disturbs one-dimensional orbital correlation in -type
spin/-type orbital ordered states and suppresses this spin/orbital order. In
contrast, it stabilizes the other spin/orbital order. The results of neutron
and resonant X-ray scattering denote that in the other ordered phase, the
spin/orbital patterns are -type/-type, respectively.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Rapid Communication in Physical
Review
Relativistic Corrections to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect for Clusters of Galaxies. IV. Analytic fitting formula for the Numerical Results
We present an accurate analytic fitting formula for the numerical results for
the relativistic corrections to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for
clusters of galaxies. The numerical results for the relativistic corrections
have been obtained by numerical integration of the collision term of the
Boltzmann equation. The fitting is carried out for the ranges 0.02 < theta_{e}
< 0.05 and 0 < X < 20, where theta_{e} = k_{B}T_{e}/m_{e}c^{2}, X =
omega/k_{B}T_{0}, T_{e} is the electron temperature, omega is the angular
frequency of the photon, and T_{0} is the temperature of the cosmic microwave
background radiation. The accuracy of the fitting is generally better than
0.1%. The present analytic fitting formula will be useful for the analyses of
the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for high-temperature galaxy clusters.Comment: 11 pages + 1 table + 2 figures, LaTeX with AASMS macro. Accepted by
Astrophysical Journal for publicatio
Phenomenological theory of a scalar electronic order: application to skutterudite PrFe4P12
By phenomenological Landau analysis, it is shown that a scalar order
parameter with the point-group symmetry explains most properties
associated with the phase transition in PrFeP at 6.5 K. The
scalar-order model reproduces magnetic and elastic properties in
PrFeP consistently such as (i) the anomaly of the magnetic
susceptibility and elastic constant at the transition temperature, (ii)
anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility in the presence of uniaxial pressure,
and (iii) the anomaly in the elastic constant in magnetic field. An Ehrenfest
relation is derived which relates the anomaly of the magnetic susceptibility to
that of the elastic constant at the transition.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
Concatenated Multitype L2 Fusion Proteins as Candidate Prophylactic Pan-Human Papillomavirus Vaccines
Calibration of Photomultiplier Tubes for the Fluorescence Detector of Telescope Array Experiment using a Rayleigh Scattered Laser Beam
We performed photometric calibration of the PhotoMultiplier Tube (PMT) and
readout electronics used for the new fluorescence detectors of the Telescope
Array (TA) experiment using Rayleigh scattered photons from a pulsed nitrogen
laser beam. The experimental setup, measurement procedure, and results of
calibration are described. The total systematic uncertainty of the calibration
is estimated to be 7.2%. An additional uncertainty of 3.7% is introduced by the
transport of the calibrated PMTs from the laboratory to the TA experimental
site.Comment: 43 pages, 15 figure
Effect of Maraviroc Intensification on HIV-1-Specific T Cell Immunity in Recently HIV-1-Infected Individuals
Background
The effect of maraviroc on the maintenance and the function of HIV-1-specific T cell responses remains unknown.
Methods
Subjects recently infected with HIV-1 were randomized to receive anti-retroviral treatment with or without maraviroc intensification for 48 weeks, and were monitored up to week 60. PBMC and in vitro-expanded T cells were tested for responses to the entire HIV proteome by ELISpot analyses. Intracellular cytokine staining assays were conducted to monitor the (poly)-functionality of HIV-1-specific T cells. Analyses were performed at baseline and week 24 after treatment start, and at week 60 (3 months after maraviroc discontinuation).
Results
Maraviroc intensification was associated with a slower decay of virus-specific T cell responses over time compared to the non-intensified regimen in both direct ex-vivo as well as in in-vitro expanded cells. The effector function profiles of virus-specific CD8+ T cells were indistinguishable between the two arms and did not change over time between the groups.
Conclusions
Maraviroc did not negatively impact any of the measured parameters, but was rather associated with a prolonged maintenance of HIV-1-specific T cell responses. Maraviroc, in addition to its original effect as viral entry inhibitor, may provide an additional benefit on the maintenance of virus-specific T cells which may be especially important for future viral eradication strategies
Slow dynamics near glass transitions in thin polymer films
The -process (segmental motion) of thin polystyrene films supported
on glass substrate has been investigated in a wider frequency range from
10 Hz to 10 Hz using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy and thermal
expansion spectroscopy. The relaxation rate of the -process increases
with decreasing film thickness at a given temperature above the glass
transition. This increase in the relaxation rate with decreasing film thickness
is much more enhanced near the glass transition temperature. The glass
transition temperature determined as the temperature at which the relaxation
time of the -process becomes a macroscopic time scale shows a distinct
molecular weight dependence. It is also found that the Vogel temperature has
the thickness dependence, i.e., the Vogel temperature decreases with decreasing
film thickness. The expansion coefficient of the free volume is
extracted from the temperature dependence of the relaxation time within the
free volume theory. The fragility index is also evaluated as a function of
thickness. Both and are found to decrease with decreasing film
thickness.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, and 2 table
A safeguard system for induced pluripotent stem cell-derived rejuvenated T cell therapy
The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has created promising new avenues for therapies in regenerative medicine. However, the tumorigenic potential of undifferentiated iPSCs is a major safety concern for clinical translation. To address this issue, we demonstrated the efficacy of suicide gene therapy by introducing inducible caspase-9 (iC9) into iPSCs. Activation of iC9 with a specific chemical inducer of dimerization (CID) initiates a caspase cascade that eliminates iPSCs and tumors originated from iPSCs. We introduced this iC9/CID safeguard system into a previously reported iPSC-derived, rejuvenated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (rejCTL) therapy model and confirmed that we can generate rejCTLs from iPSCs expressing high levels of iC9 without disturbing antigen-specific killing activity. iC9-expressing rejCTLs exert antitumor effects in vivo. The system efficiently and safely induces apoptosis in these rejCTLs. These results unite to suggest that the iC9/CID safeguard system is a promising tool for future iPSC-mediated approaches to clinical therapy
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