Demand Side Management Studies on Distributed Energy Resources: A Survey

The number of distributed environmentally friendly energy sources and generators necessitates new operating methods and a power network board to preserve or even increase the efficiency and quality of the power supply. Similarly, the growth of matriculates promotes the formation of new institutional systems, in which power and power exchanges become increasingly essential. Because of how an inactive entity traditionally organizes distribution systems, the DG’s connection inevitably changes the system’s qualifications to which it is connected. As a consequence of the Distributed Generation, this presumption is currently legal and non-existent. This article glides on demand side management and analysis on distributed energy resources. Investigation of DSM along with zonal wise classification has been carried out in this survey. Its merits and applications are also presented

SCREENING, ISOLATION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING BACTERIA OBTAINED FROM SAPROPHYTIC SOIL SAMPLES

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the study was conducted to screen and isolate potential antibiotic producing bacteria from saprophytic soils collected fromPotheri and Nandiambakkam.Methods: Soil was collected aseptically and subjected to serial dilution. Crowded plate technique was used for the isolation of the colony. Totallyseven isolates were isolated and were screened for their antibacterial activity. The three isolates (S2A, S2B, and S3A) having better zone of inhibitionwere selected for morphological, microscopical, and biochemical test to prove their validity. The selected isolates were partially purified. The partiallypurified samples further screened for antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the isolates, which shown good zone ofinhibition were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing studies to determine the species.Results: The isolates screened based on size of the zone formed. Best isolate selected by zone of inhibition was subjected to antibacterial activity,morphological, microscopical, and biochemical test, partial purification of three isolates and further screened for antibacterial and MIC. The isolateshowed good zone of inhibition compared to others by MIC was selected for 16S rRNA sequencing studies. Genomic DNA extracted from isolate S2Bconforms it belongs to Pseudomonas species which is named as Pseudomonas putida 2435.Conclusion: The research work revealed that the three isolates showed good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.The S2B isolate was confirmed to P. putida 2435 by 16S rRNA studies.Keywords: Isolation of soil microbes, Biochemical characterization, Antimicrobial activity, Minimum inhibitory concentration, 16S rRNA sequencing,Pseudomonas putida

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of intracranial tumours: A clinical profile

AIM OF THE STUDY: 1. To study the clinical profile of patients with intracranial tumours presenting to the Neuro-Ophthalmology department of a Tertiary eye care centre. 2. To correlate the ocular manifestations and site of the intracranial tumour. 3. To study the behavior and natural course of the Brain tumour. 4. To study the prognosis of each tumour after treatment. METHOD: A prospective study of 192 consecutive patients who were proven to have Intracranial tumour clinically and radiologically from a period of June 2011 to June 2013 for a period of 2 years who presented to the Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Aravind eye hospital, Madurai. All these patients underwent a thorough ophthalmological and neurological evaluation. RESULTS: Out of a total of 192 patients, 104 (54.2%) were males and 88 (45.8%) were females. The mean age was 41.97years. Pituitary adenomas (46.9%), Meningiomas (24 %), Acoustic neuroma (8.3%) were the most common Brain tumours encountered. 156 patients (81.3%) had Defective vision at presentation, while Temporal pallor (34.9%) and primary optic atrophy (27.6%) were the commonest fundus changes. Bitemporal hemianopia is the most common field defect followed by generalized constriction. There was a statistically significant association between best corrected visual acuity at presentation and follow up best corrected visual acuity (p<0.001). Thus the visual prognosis depends upon the vision at presentation. There was a significant association between type of tumour and age group (p<0.001), but there was no association between gender and type of tumour (p=0.096). CONCLUSION: Any brain tumor is inherently serious and life-threatening because of its invasive and infiltrative character in the limited space of the intracranial cavity. Usually detection occurs in advanced stages when the presence of the tumor has caused unexplained symptoms. Improved diagnostic techniques are allowing Intracranial tumours to be detected at increasingly earlier stages, but cases are still seen with Neuro-ophthalmological symptoms as the presenting symptoms

Study the Clinical, Radiological and Microbiological Profile of Patients with Bronchiectasis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

INTRODUCTION: Bronchiectasis has prevalence of 4.2 per 1,00,000 persons. Patients are prone to recurrent LRTI & derailment of pulmonary functions which leads to poor QLI. It is considered more of an orphan disease without much research work. This study aims to bring out their clinical, radiological & microbiological features, their correlation with each other, for early disease identification, treatment and prevention of complications. AIM: To study the: Bronchiectasis patients socio-demographic, clinical, radiological and microbiological profile. Causative organism and its’ radiological correlation/disease severity MATERIALS AND METHODS: Its’ a cross sectional study with 165 patients for 6 months. History, clinical examination, symptom analysis, X-ray, HRCT chest, PFT (spirometry), ECHO, Sputum AFB, gram staining, culture &sensitivity done. RESULTS: 78-males and 87 females.36.4% in age group of 40-50yrs and 33.7% in 50-60yrs. 52% had cough with sputum, 23% with cough, 49% with breathlessness. Etiology couldn’t be identified in 39%, while 32.7% had prior ATT. 45.5% had obstruction in PFT, while 38.8% was normal. Radiologicaly bilateral involvement was seen in 30% with cylindrical being common type in 58.8%. 42.7% had 2 lobe involvement and 1.8% had involvement of all lobes. 22.4% had hemoptysis. PHT and corpulmonale seen in 10.3% & 9.7% respectively Pseudomonas and klebsiella were common organisms in 26% each, E.coli and H.influenza in 18.2% and 10.3% respectively. Increased number of lobes involvement and destructive cystic types had signification correlation with pseudomonas culture (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Bronchiectasis is a progressive disease with increased morbidity and mortality. While RADIOLOGY plays an important role in diagnosis, MICROBIOLOGY plays an important role in treatment and preventing exacerbations/disease progression. Hence a multidisciplinary assessment is essential for wholesome management of the diseas

Study on outcome of N-acetylcysteine in rodenticide poisoning cases in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Rodenticide is one of the pesticides and heterogeneous substances used to kill rats. Rodenticide poisoning is the major health problem in Asian countries, particularly mode of self-poisoning, prevalent in India. It causes hepatotoxicity and no antidote has been found. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant and used in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.  The aim of the study is to find the outcome of use of NAC in rodenticide poisoning.  The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of NAC in liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients.   Methods: A record based observational study was conducted for the period of 3 months from August 2019 to October 2019 at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected according to the proforma designed and results were analyzed using standard methods.Results: Out of 50 patients, 21 (42%) were males and 29 (58%) were females. Age group between 21-30 years contributes the highest 20 (40%). Majority of type of rodenticide compound consumed by patients were paste 29 (58%) and less than four hours 34 (68%) patients were admitted. Patients with abnormal liver functions were tested, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/ aspartate aminotransferase -12 patients, 7 treated with NAC. serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase/ alanine aminotransferase - 9 patients, 2 treated with NAC. 37 (74%) were recovered out of 50 (100%), among them 28 (56%) treated with NAC.Conclusions: In liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients, early use of NAC shows a significant result and the rate of recovery is also high

Studies on the potency of oral polio vaccine using RD cell line and evaluation of growth using different serum concentration and volume of media

Oral polio vaccine (OPV) proved to be superior in administration eliminating the need of sterile syringes and making the vaccine more suitable for mass vaccination campaigns. Poliovirus is heatsensitive in nature, and thus OPV is stored at low temperature (frozen). The growth medium containing varying concentration of serum such as 6, 8, 10, 12, 14% were prepared. 10 ml of the above mentionedgrowth media containing different concentration of serum were added to different culture bottles. The culture flasks containing different volumes of growth medium with 10% serum concentration such as 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 ml were added to a series of culture flasks. All the culture flasks were inoculated with the RD cells (10,000 cells/culture flask) and kept at 37°C. The most favoured serum concentration and volume for the growth of RD cells was found and used for testing the potency of vaccine. Vaccinesfrom two manufacturers were kept at three different temperatures, 2-8 ± 0.5°C (refrigerator), 26 ± 0.5°C and 37 ± 0.5°C (Incubator). Cytopathic viruses were titrated by the determination of a tissue culture infectious dose50 (TCID50), vaccine dilutions were seeded in replicate onto cells in multiwell plates (usually 96 wells). After a suitable incubation period, wells were examined microscopically and scored as infected or not infected. The potency of vaccines was tested using the Karber’s Formula

Pilot scale microbial production and optimization of Serratia peptidase from Serratia marcescens

Serratia peptidase is active proteolytic enzyme which has the potential of cleaving peptide bond.  Present investigation deals about the Microbial production of serratia peptidase using Serratia marcescens in small scale fermentor. Batch fermentor has been run continuously throughout the night to analyze the production of protein as well as kinetics. Culture broth was maintained at 150rpm for 72 hrs. Protein sample was isolated by centrifuging at 3000rpm for 10mints. The result revealed that Serratia marcescens showed the enormous production of protein in fed batch fermentor compared to the small scale level.  Different substrates were been used for the production of enzyme. Among all cysteine showed the better activity as 2 units/ml of enzyme. Enzymatic assay of Serratia peptidase was done at different time interval of crude broth. Enzyme activity showed that maximum at 40ºC for 72hrs. It was observed that 0.65 units/ml of enzyme. Fed batch pilot scale production of Serratia peptidase was done at 0.5%cystein and 700rpm for 48hrs of run time.Â

Preparation and Characterization of Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films Synthesized by Co-Evaporation of Sn and Sb using Plasma Assisted Thermal Evaporation

Tin oxide (SnO2) thin films are having promising properties such as high visible transmittance and low electric resistivity, makes them very important transparent conductor in a variety of optoelectronics devices. Further, doping with pentavalent impurity such as Antimony (Sb) enhances its conductivity considerably. In order to study the effect of Antimony doping, Antimony doped tin oxide (SnO2 : Sb) thin films have been prepared by the co-evaporation of Sn and Sb using Plasma Assisted Thermal Evaporation (PATE) in oxygen (O2) partial pressure at various doping level from 4% to 25%. The influence of various Sb doping levels on the compositional, electrical, optical and structural properties have been investigated using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) transmission spectroscopy, four-probe resistivity measurement and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. EDX studies confirmed the different Sb doping levels in the grown films from 4 % to 25 %, while electrical resistivity is obtained in range of 0.36 to 9.5 Ohmcm using four-probe setup for 4 % to 25 % Sb doping levels. Transmittance spectra measured in UV-VIS range for Sb doped films show reduction in an average transmittance in respect to increase in Sb doping levels in the grown films. Whereas, XRD analysis reveals that higher Sb doping of 25 % induce the precipitation of antimony oxide (Sb2O3) phase and its precipitation suppressed the growth of SnO2 peaks as well as responsible for reduction in conductivity and transparency. The best electrical resistivity of optimized SnO2 : Sb (5 %) is 0.36 Ohmcm without deteriorating the high (~ 80 %) average transmittance in the wavelength region 300-800 nm in comparison to undoped SnO2 film (6.57 Ohmcm) , confirm the usefulness of SnO2 : Sb (5 %) films for device applications. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3102

Active Contour Based Segmentation Techniques for Medical Image Analysis

Image processing is a technique which is used to derive information from the images. Segmentation is a section of image processing for the separation or segregation of information from the required target region of the image. There are different techniques used for segmentation of pixels of interest from the image. Active contour is one of the active models in segmentation techniques, which makes use of the energy constraints and forces in the image for separation of region of interest. Active contour defines a separate boundary or curvature for the regions of target object for segmentation. The contour depends on various constraints based on which they are classified into different types such as gradient vector flow, balloon and geometric models. Active contour models are used in various image processing applications specifically in medical image processing. In medical imaging, active contours are used in segmentation of regions from different medical images such as brain CT images, MRI images of different organs, cardiac images and different images of regions in the human body. Active contours can also be used in motion tracking and stereo tracking. Thus, the active contour segmentation is used for the separation of pixels of interest for different image processing