A pharmacological cocktail for arresting actin dynamics in living cells.

The actin cytoskeleton is regulated by factors that influence polymer assembly, disassembly, and network rearrangement. Drugs that inhibit these events have been used to test the role of actin dynamics in a wide range of cellular processes. Previous methods of arresting actin rearrangements take minutes to act and work well in some contexts, but can lead to significant actin reorganization in cells with rapid actin dynamics, such as neutrophils. In this paper, we report a pharmacological cocktail that not only arrests actin dynamics but also preserves the structure of the existing actin network in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells, and mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. Our cocktail induces an arrest of actin dynamics that initiates within seconds and persists for longer than 10 min, during which time cells maintain their responsivity to external stimuli. With this cocktail, we demonstrate that actin dynamics, and not simply morphological polarity or actin accumulation at the leading edge, are required for the spatial persistence of Rac activation in HL-60 cells. Our drug combination preserves the structure of the existing cytoskeleton while blocking actin assembly, disassembly, and rearrangement, and should prove useful for investigating the role of actin dynamics in a wide range of cellular signaling contexts

Tully Knoles of Pacific: Horseman, Teacher, Minister, College President, Traveler, and Public Speaker

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/pacific-pubs/1003/thumbnail.jp

Kebutuhan Dasar Kesehatan Masyarakat di Pulau Kecil: Studi Kasus di Pulau Gangga Kecamatan Likupang Barat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

Latar belakang: Akses pelayanan kesehatan dari masyarakat yang tinggal di pulau-pulau kecil di Indonesia terhalang dengan keadaan geografi , keadaan cuaca, jauh dari penyedia dan fasilitas kesehatan. Walaupun kebijakan dan petunjuk teknis untuk penyediaan pelayanan kesehatan telah ada, namun demikian data primer untuk kebutuhan kesehatan dari masyarakat khusus dari perspektif sektor publik sangat terbatas. Studi kasus ini menekankan pada pendekatan yang layak terhadap kegiatan dari sektor publik khususnya di bidang kesehatan dan sektor-sektor terkait dengan memahami kebutuhankesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah mempresentasikan dan mereview kepustakaan kebutuhan kesehatan dari masyarakat yang tinggal di pulau kecil di Pulau Gangga Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi SulawesiUtara, di mana tekanannya terhadap kebutuhan kesehatan yang diekspresikan dan dirasakan. Termasuk hal-hal yang teridentifikasi dari penyedia pelayanan kesehatan dasar dari sektor kesehatan. Metode: Metode kualitatif diaplikasikan untuk studi kasus ini melalui wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarah terhadap responden yang terpilih. Hasil: Hasil dari studi kasus ini antara lain kebutuhan kesehatan masyarakat yang tinggal di pulau-pulau kecil meningkat bersamaan dengan kurangnya akses terhadap infrastruktur, peralatan kesehatan, obat-obatan, medical dan consumable supplies. Halyang paling penting pula adalah terbatasnya sumber daya manusia kesehatan dari sektor kesehatan. Saran: Rekomendasi dari studi kasus ini antara lain diperlukannya suatu kerangka konsep untuk pelayanan kesehatan dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhan kesehatan bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di pulau-pulau kecil, termasuk membantu dalam hal memprioritaskan program-program kesehatan dan implementasinya untuk penyedia pelayanan kesehatan

Energy Gradients Structure Microbial Communities Across Sediment Horizons in Deep Marine Sediments of the South China Sea

The deep marine subsurface is a heterogeneous environment in which the assembly of microbial communities is thought to be controlled by a combination of organic matter deposition, electron acceptor availability, and sedimentology. However, the relative importance of these factors in structuring microbial communities in marine sediments remains unclear. The South China Sea (SCS) experiences significant variability in sedimentation across the basin and features discrete changes in sedimentology as a result of episodic deposition of turbidites and volcanic ashes within lithogenic clays and siliceous or calcareous ooze deposits throughout the basin\u27s history. Deep subsurface microbial communities were recently sampled by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) at three locations in the SCS with sedimentation rates of 5, 12, and 20 cm per thousand years. Here, we used Illumina sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene to characterize deep subsurface microbial communities from distinct sediment types at these sites. Communities across all sites were dominated by several poorly characterized taxa implicated in organic matter degradation, including Atribacteria, Dehalococcoidia, and Aerophobetes. Sulfate-reducing bacteria comprised only 4% of the community across sulfate-bearing sediments from multiple cores and did not change in abundance in sediments from the methanogenic zone at the site with the lowest sedimentation rate. Microbial communities were significantly structured by sediment age and the availability of sulfate as an electron acceptor in pore waters. However, microbial communities demonstrated no partitioning based on the sediment type they inhabited. These results indicate that microbial communities in the SCS are structured by the availability of electron donors and acceptors rather than sedimentological characteristics

Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (Smk3) Pada Proyek Konstruksi Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Pembangunan Jembatan Dr. Ir. Soekarno-manado)

Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) merupakan sistem perlindungan bagi tenaga kerja dan jasa konstruksi untuk meminimalisasi dan menghindarkan diri dari resiko kerugian moral maupun material, kehilangan jam kerja, maupun keselamatan manusia dan lingkungan sekitarnya yang nantinya dapat menunjang peningkatan kinerja yang efektif dan efisien. Pedoman penerapan SMK3 di Indonesia diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor: PER.05/MEN/1996.Penelitian ini mencoba memberikan jawaban tentang bagaimana standar dan pedoman SMK3 yang digunakan pada proyek pembangunan Jembatan Dr. Ir. Soekarno di Manado serta membahas bagaimana pengaruh dari penerapan SMK3 bagi Perusahaan dan tenaga kerja itu sendiri.Analisis data dilakukan dengan menyusun dan membahas hasil wawancara dengan petugas K3, hasil observasi atau pengamatan langsung di lokasi proyek dan hasil evaluasi data-data SMK3 yangtersedia serta studi kepustakaan sebagai data pendukung.Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa SMK3 telah direncanakan dan diterapkan dengan baik di lokasi proyek. Standar dan pedoman yang digunakan untuk mengatur sistem ini disusun dalam Rencana Mutu, Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja serta Lingkungan Proyek (RMK3LP). Dasar penerapan prosedur-prosedur tersebut disesuaikan dengan standar Internasional yaitu Occupation Health and Safety Management System (OHSAS) 18001:1999 yang memiliki kesamaan dengan SMK3 diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor: PER.05/MEN/1996. Penerapan SMK3 ini membawa pengaruh yang baik bagi Perusahaan maupun tenaga kerja, hal tersebut terlihat dari jumlah tenaga kerja yang mengalami kecelakaan atau penyakit kerja masih tergolong rendah dantidak memberikan pengaruh yang berarti bagi pelaksanaan pekerjaan

Total Flying Hours and Risk of High Systolic Blood Pressure in the Civilian Pilot in Indonesia

Background: Systolic high blood pressure among civilian pilots among others will cause cardiovascular disease and this condition will disrupt the flight.The purpose of this study was to identified the dominant factors related to high systolic blood pressure in the civilian pilots. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling method on a pilot who performed periodic medical examinations in the Civil Aviation Medical Center on 18 to 29 May 2015. Several data among other, others, were on demographic and job characteristics, clinical, exercise habits, eating habits, and history of the disease. High systolic blood pressure defined as systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg or more. Results: Of the 690 pilots who conduct periodic health examinations, 428 male pilots willing to participate this study. Age and history of hypertension is the dominant risk factor associated with high systolic blood pressure. When compared with the pilot age 19-39 years, 40-65 years old had 15.1-fold greater risk of high systolic blood pressure [odds ratio (adjusted ORa)= 15.12; p= 0.001]. Pilot with a history of hypertension compared to those without a history of having high systolic blood pressure risk 93.2 times larger (ORa= 93.21; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Age of 40-65 years and had history of hypertension increased the riskj of systolic blood pressure among civilian pilot in Indonesia

Nitrogen use efficiency of ¹⁵N urea applied to wheat based on fertiliser timing and use of inhibitors

Improving fertiliser nitrogen (N) use efficiency is essential to increase productivity and avoid environmental damage. Using a 15N mass balance approach, we investigated the effects of five N fertiliser management strategies to test the hypothesis that increasing uptake of applied N by wheat improves productivity and reduces loss of N in a semi-arid environment. Three experiments were conducted between 2012 and 2014. Treatments included urea application (50 kg N/ha) at sowing with and without nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, DMPP) and surface broadcast with and without urease inhibitor (n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, NBPT) at the end of tillering plus an unfertilised control. It was found that deferring fertiliser application until the end of tillering decreased losses of fertiliser N (35–52%) through increasing uptake by the crop and or recovery in the soil at harvest, while maintaining yield except when rainfall following application was low. In this case, deferring application reduced fertiliser uptake (− 71%) and grain yield (− 18%) and increased recovery of N in the soil (+ 121%). Use of DMPP or NBPT reduced N loss where seasonal conditions were conducive to denitrification during winter (DMPP) and volatilisation or denitrification later in the season (NBPT). Their effect on grain yield was less significant; DMPP increased yield (+ 3–31%) in all years and NBPT increased yield (+ 7–11%) in 2 of 3 years compared to unamended urea. The majority of crop N uptake was supplied from soil reserves and as a result, crop recovery of applied N was not strongly related to grain yield response

Late Miocene to early Pliocene biofacies of Wanganui and Taranaki Basins, New Zealand: Applications to paleoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphic analysis

The Matemateaonga Formation is late Miocene to early Pliocene (upper Tongaporutuan to lower Opoitian New Zealand Stages) in age. The formation comprises chiefly shellbeds, siliciclastic sandstone, and siltstone units and to a lesser extent non-marine and shallow marine conglomerate and rare paralic facies. The Matemateaonga Formation accumulated chiefly in shelf paleoenvironments during basement onlap and progradation of a late Miocene to early Pliocene continental margin wedge in the Wanganui and Taranaki Basins. The formation is strongly cyclothemic, being characterised by recurrent vertically stacked facies successions, bounded by sequence boundaries. These facies accumulated in a range of shoreface to mid-outer shelf paleoenvironments during conditions of successively oscillating sea level. This sequential repetition of facies and the biofacies they enclose are the result of sixth-order glacio-eustatic cyclicity. Macrofaunal associations have been identified from statistical analysis of macrofossil occurrences collected from multiple sequences. Each association is restricted to particular lithofacies and stratal positions and shows a consistent order and/or position within the sequences. This pattern of temporal paleoecologic change appears to be the result of lateral, facies-related shifting of broad biofacies belts, or habitat-tracking, in response to fluctuations of relative sea level, sediment flux, and other associated paleoenvironmental variables. The associations also show strong similarity in terms of their generic composition to biofacies identified in younger sedimentary strata and the modern marine benthic environment in New Zealand

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA MASYARAKAT DI DESA RANOWANGKO KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI

Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018, penderita hipertensi di Sulawesi Utara mencapai prevalensi 13,2%. Data yang di dapatkan dari Puskesmas Tanawangko menunjukkan bahwa hipertensi menempati urutan kedua kasus terbanyak di wilayah kerja Puskesmas setelah penyakit ISPA. Umumnya wanita yang berusia 44-55 tahun mulai kehilangan sedikit demi sedikit hormon estrogen yang melindungi pembuluh darah dari kerusakan. Dan ini terjadi secara terus menerus dan alamiah sesuai dengan bertambahnya usia. Usia yang semakin bertambah membuat aktivitas fisik semakin kurang khususnya bagi kaum wanita. Masyarakat di daerah pesisir pantai cenderung memiliki pola makan makanan yang berisiko seperi mengkonsumsi garam yang tinggi dan makanan yang dibakar yang memicu terjadinya penyakit hipertensi. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Masyarakat di Desa Ranowangko Kecamatan Tombariri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan rancangan penelitian studi potong lintang ( cross sectional) di Desa Ranowangko Kecamatan Tombariri. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 90 responden (18-60 tahun) dengan pengambilan sampel secara stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai probabilitas untuk hubungan perilaku konsumsi makanan dengan kejadian hipertensi sebesar 0,005 (p≤ 0,05), aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian hipertensi sebesar 0,876 (p> 0,05) dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian hipertensi sebesar 0,041(p0,05) and a complaint hystory of 0,041 (p<0,05). There is the relationship between food consumption, behavior family history as the hypertension and there was no correlation between physical activity by the hypertension in the community in the district Ranowangko Tombariri. People should can change healthy lifestyle from the family and are the smallest of visiting doctor nearest health into the service.Keywords: High blood pressure incidence, food consumption behavior, physical activities, family histor