14,341 research outputs found
No-err typing aids
Device for aligning paper in typewriter to correct one letter or line of type is discussed. Two types of correcting devices are described and illustrations of the devices are provided
Guide for a typewriter
The invention relates to accessories for typewriters, and more particularly to an improved guide for use in aligning a sheet of paper preparatory to an application of typed indicia to selected spaces. The device includes an aligning plate pivotally mounted on a line guide having formed therein a plurality of aligned apertures. The plate is so positioned that an aperture is positioned immediately above a target area for a type slug so that a slug will imprint a character in selected spaces
On a graded q-differential algebra
Given a unital associatve graded algebra we construct the graded
q-differential algebra by means of a graded q-commutator, where q is a
primitive N-th root of unity. The N-th power (N>1) of the differential of this
graded q-differential algebra is equal to zero. We use our approach to
construct the graded q-differential algebra in the case of a reduced quantum
plane which can be endowed with a structure of a graded algebra. We consider
the differential d satisfying d to power N equals zero as an analog of an
exterior differential and study the first order differential calculus induced
by this differential.Comment: 6 pages, submitted to the Proceedings of the "International
Conference on High Energy and Mathematical Physics", Morocco, Marrakech,
April 200
Anytime Algorithms for Solving Possibilistic MDPs and Hybrid MDPs
The ability of an agent to make quick, rational decisions in an uncertain environment is paramount for its applicability in realistic settings. Markov Decision Processes (MDP) provide such a framework, but can only model uncertainty that can be expressed as probabilities. Possibilistic counterparts of MDPs allow to model imprecise beliefs, yet they cannot accurately represent probabilistic sources of uncertainty and they lack the efficient online solvers found in the probabilistic MDP community. In this paper we advance the state of the art in three important ways. Firstly, we propose the first online planner for possibilistic MDP by adapting the Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm. A key component is the development of efficient search structures to sample possibility distributions based on the DPY transformation as introduced by Dubois, Prade, and Yager. Secondly, we introduce a hybrid MDP model that allows us to express both possibilistic and probabilistic uncertainty, where the hybrid model is a proper extension of both probabilistic and possibilistic MDPs. Thirdly, we demonstrate that MCTS algorithms can readily be applied to solve such hybrid models. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.This work is partially funded by EPSRC PACES project (Ref: EP/J012149/1).Peer Reviewe
COMMENTS ABOUT HIGGS FIELDS, NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY AND THE STANDARD MODEL
We make a short review of the formalism that describes Higgs and Yang Mills
fields as two particular cases of an appropriate generalization of the notion
of connection. We also comment about the several variants of this formalism,
their interest, the relations with noncommutative geometry, the existence (or
lack of existence) of phenomenological predictions, the relation with Lie
super-algebras etc.Comment: pp 20, LaTeX file, no figures, also available via anonymous ftp at
ftp://cpt.univ-mrs.fr/ or via gopher gopher://cpt.univ-mrs.fr
Evidence Propagation and Consensus Formation in Noisy Environments
We study the effectiveness of consensus formation in multi-agent systems
where there is both belief updating based on direct evidence and also belief
combination between agents. In particular, we consider the scenario in which a
population of agents collaborate on the best-of-n problem where the aim is to
reach a consensus about which is the best (alternatively, true) state from
amongst a set of states, each with a different quality value (or level of
evidence). Agents' beliefs are represented within Dempster-Shafer theory by
mass functions and we investigate the macro-level properties of four well-known
belief combination operators for this multi-agent consensus formation problem:
Dempster's rule, Yager's rule, Dubois & Prade's operator and the averaging
operator. The convergence properties of the operators are considered and
simulation experiments are conducted for different evidence rates and noise
levels. Results show that a combination of updating on direct evidence and
belief combination between agents results in better consensus to the best state
than does evidence updating alone. We also find that in this framework the
operators are robust to noise. Broadly, Yager's rule is shown to be the better
operator under various parameter values, i.e. convergence to the best state,
robustness to noise, and scalability.Comment: 13th international conference on Scalable Uncertainty Managemen
Absolute Doubly Differential Cross Sections for Ejection of Secondary Electrons from Gases by Electron Impact. II. 100-500-eV Electrons on Neon, Argon, Molecular Hydrogen, and Molecular Nitrogen
Absolute doubly differential cross sections for secondary electron production by electron impact have been measured for static gas targets of neon, argon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Electron impact energies were from 100 to 500 eV. An electrostatic analyzer was used to analyze secondary electrons with energies between 4 eV and the primary electron energy minus the first ionization potential of the target. Angles of emission were 10° to 150°. The present data agree well with the data of Opal, Beaty, and Peterson at 90° but, as was observed previously for helium, the agreement becomes increasingly poorer for larger and smaller angles. This angular disagreement, which is independent of target gas and impact energy, is approximately given by a+(1-a) sin Ξ, where a=0.10±0.12. Previously we compared the experimental data of Opal, Beaty, and Peterson with calculations by Manson for helium and obtained a similar correction but with a=0.53. Recent Born-approximation calculations of Manson are compared with our 500- eV argon data. The calculations reproduce the angular distributions of the measured cross sections quite well for small secondary-electron energies. For intermediate energies the agreement is still quite good near the momentum-conservation peak but poorer for large scattering angles
Situation des personnes transgenres par rapport au VIH/IST en Suisse : rapid assessment
Ce rapport permet d'identifier le sous-groupe des personnes transgenres pratiquant ou ayant pratiquĂ© le travail du sexe comme une population clairement exposĂ©e Ă un risque notoirement Ă©levĂ© d'infection par le VIH et les IST. L'ampleur rapportĂ©e du phĂ©nomĂšne justifie pleinement l'inclusion de cette population dans le dispositif de surveillance comportementale du VIH et des autres IST, mais Ă©galement la rĂ©alisation urgente d'actions de prĂ©vention communautaire. Par contre, il ne nous permet pas d'arriver Ă un consensus fort en ce qui concerne la situation des personnes transgenres non travailleuses du sexe par rapport au VIH et aux autres IST en Suisse. Les donnĂ©es internationales sont cependant suffisamment prĂ©occupantes pour justifier la rĂ©alisation d'une recherche sur la santĂ© sexuelle au sein de cette population. Cette recherche devra prendre en compte les contextes de vie souvent hostiles auxquels sont confrontĂ©es les personnes transgenres. Par ailleurs, les personnes transgenres devraient pouvoir ĂȘtre reconnues en tant que telles et enregistrĂ©es de maniĂšre systĂ©matique dans les systĂšmes de dĂ©claration du VIH et des autres IST, dans les outils de suivi statistique des centres de dĂ©pistage et de conseil VIH/IST, ainsi que dans l'enquĂȘte suisse sur la santĂ©
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