Application of Mineral-Solution Equilibria to the Search for Sanstone-Type Uranium Deposits in the Beaver Basin, Utah

An improved computer modeling program was used to calculate the saturation indexes of 50 waters from the Beaver basin in west-central Utah with respect to uraninite and coffinite. The mineral-solution study showed that the chemical environment of parts of the Beaver basin is favorable for the occurrence of sandstone-type uranium deposits. The ground waters from several areas are supersaturated with respect to uraninite and coffinite. Two areas, in particular, an area west of the town of Beaver and an area near the settlement of Manderfield, have been identified as most favorable for exploration. The methods described in this study can be utilized to evaluate waters from wells and exploration drill holes as indicators of proximity to possible sandstone-type uranium deposits in other alluvial basins in the western United States

Normative Alethic Pluralism

Some philosophers have argued that truth is a norm of judgement and have provided a variety of formulations of this general thesis. In this paper, I shall side with these philosophers and assume that truth is a norm of judgement. What I am primarily interested in here are two core questions concerning the judgement-truth norm: (i) what are the normative relationships between truth and judgement? And (ii) do these relationships vary or are they constant? I argue for a pluralist picture—what I call Normative Alethic Pluralism (NAP)—according to which (i) there is more than one correct judgement-truth norm and (ii) the normative relationships between truth and judgement vary in relation to the subject matter of the judgement. By means of a comparative analysis of disagreement in three areas of the evaluative domain—refined aesthetics, basic taste and morality—I show that there is an important variability in the normative significance of disagreement—I call this the variability conjecture. By presenting a variation of Lynch’s scope problem for alethic monism, I argue that a monistic approach to the normative function of truth is unable to vindicate the conjecture. I then argue that normative alethic pluralism provides us with a promising model to account for it

Fluid properties at high pressures and temperatures: Experimental and modelling challenges

Thermophysical properties impact many aspects of the chemical process industries. Here three example areas, primarily in the energy sector, are highlighted to provide context for the experimental and modelling challenges associated with obtaining fluid property data at high pressures and temperatures (HPHT). These three areas include the recovery of petroleum reserves in ultra-deep reservoirs, the use of lubricants to reduce frictional losses in the automotive industries, and the use of high-pressure, common rail diesel fuel delivery to reduce soot emissions for greener environments. The accurate knowledge of thermodynamic and transport properties in these three focused areas minimizes associated operating uncertainties and accelerates safe, reliable, and robust process and product development

Can lymphangiosarcoma be resurrected? A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of lymphatic differentiation in 49 angiosarcomas

Mankey C C, McHugh J B, Thomas D G & Lucas D R (2010) Histopathology 56 , 364–371 Can lymphangiosarcoma be resurrected? A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of lymphatic differentiation in 49 angiosarcomas The term lymphangiosarcoma has largely been abandoned in the current classification of endothelial neoplasms. Recently, a number of lymphatic-associated antibodies have been developed for immunohistochemistry, which frequently stain angiosarcomas, implying lymphatic or mixed lymphatic and blood vascular differentiation is common. The aim was to investigate further lymphatic antigen expression, and to explore the relation of immunohistochemistry to morphological and clinical findings.Forty-nine angiosarcomas in tissue microarrays were analysed with D2-40 and antibodies to Prox-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3. D2-40 was positive in 53%, Prox-1 in 76%, and VEGFR-3 in 57%. Tumours with features attributable to lymphatic differentiation such as hobnail and kaposiform morphologies were more often positive with these markers, including a statistical association between D2-40 and hobnailing. Ten tumours had features suggestive of lymphatic differentiation, namely well-differentiated histology, interanastomosing channels devoid of red cells, prominent hobnailing, lymphoid aggregates, and multi-antigen expression of D2-40 (100%), Prox-1 (100%) and VEGFR-3 (60%), which might be deserving of the appellation lymphangiosarcoma. Nine were cutaneous scalp/facial tumours in elderly patients and one arose within chronic lymphoedema.Lymphatic differentiation is common in angiosarcoma, certain subsets show greater lymphatic differentiation than others, and lymphangiosarcoma may be defined pathologically, rather than clinically.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78689/1/j.1365-2559.2010.03484.x.pd

Understanding Transdisciplinary Engineering in Public Policy: A Survey of Policy Actors' Perceptions of Engineering Expertise

The transdisciplinary engineering project aims to transform the practice of engineering for more social benefit, and be agenda driven. For this to work, a key community of non-engineering actors needs to be effectively engaged: those working in public policy. Through data gathered for a project exploring interested in a career development scheme for policy officials offered by the UK's Royal Academy of Engineering, we explore the opportunities and barriers to better engagement between engineering and this community. An explorative online survey with policy actors gathered views on the importance of (non-transdisciplinary) engineering to policy in different policy settings. While those who regard technical expertise as crucial to their policy are keen to engage with engineering, others find it more difficult to engage. We suggest this is down to three factors: narrowness in what ‘engineering' is (so a failure to understand the ability to apply engineering concepts, e.g. systems thinking, in a variety of areas); organisational arrangements that split policy practice that might more readily connect to engineering from those who do policy design; policy analysis rooted in standard microeconomic forms of analysis. We suggest ways in which these issues might be addressed through education and research to enable the effective deployment of transdisciplinary engineering practice

Stochastic Background Search Correlating ALLEGRO with LIGO Engineering Data

We describe the role of correlation measurements between the LIGO interferometer in Livingston, LA, and the ALLEGRO resonant bar detector in Baton Rouge, LA, in searches for a stochastic background of gravitational waves. Such measurements provide a valuable complement to correlations between interferometers at the two LIGO sites, since they are sensitive in a different, higher, frequency band. Additionally, the variable orientation of the ALLEGRO detector provides a means to distinguish gravitational wave correlations from correlated environmental noise. We describe the analysis underway to set a limit on the strength of a stochastic background at frequencies near 900 Hz using ALLEGRO data and data from LIGO's E7 Engineering Run.Comment: 8 pages, 2 encapsulated PostScript figures, uses IOP class files, submitted to the proceedings of the 7th Gravitational Wave Data Analysis Workshop (which will be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity

CD34‐positive superficial myxofibrosarcoma: a potential diagnostic pitfall

Background Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) arises most commonly in the proximal extremities of the elderly, where it may involve subcutaneous and dermal tissues and masquerade as benign entities in limited biopsy samples. We encountered such a case, in which positivity for CD34 and morphologic features were initially wrongly interpreted as a ‘low‐fat/fat‐free’ spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma. Case series have not assessed prevalence of CD34 reactivity among cutaneous examples of MFS. Methods We performed a systematic review of our institution's experience, selecting from among unequivocal MFS resection specimens those superficial cases in which a limited biopsy sample might prove difficult to interpret. These cases were immunostained for CD34 and tabulated for clinicopathologic characteristics. Results After review of all MFS diagnoses over 5 years (n = 56), we identified a study group of superficial MFS for comparison to the index case (total n = 8). Of these, the index and three additional cases (4 of 8, 50%; 2 low, 2 high grade) demonstrated positive staining for CD34 , with diffuse staining of spindled cells including cellular processes. Four additional cases showed no or equivocal/rare staining. Conclusions CD34 positivity should be recognized as prevalent among such cases and should not be inappropriately construed as inveighing against a diagnosis of MFS in favor of benign entities.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98187/1/cup12158.pd

The occurrence of persistent chlorinated and brominated organic contaminants in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in Irish waters

peer-reviewedThe European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is a relatively high lipid, long lived species capable of living in a variety of brackish, fresh and marine habitats. As such, eels can accumulate organic pollutants and have been incorporated into environmental monitoring programs as a suitable “bioindicator” species for the determination of the levels of organic contaminants within different water bodies. The global eel stock is now in decline and while the cause of the collapse remains unidentified, it is likely to include a combination of anthropogenic mortality in addition to environmental degradation. This study provides valuable data on a range of contaminants (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs, HBCD, TBBPA and PBBs) and extractable lipid levels in eel muscle tissue collected from five Irish catchments. Extractable lipid levels were lower in the yellow eels compared to those in the silver eels. These levels were similar to those reported elsewhere and it has been posited that a decline in the lipid content in yellow eels may have consequences for the future viability of the stock. With the exception of higher substituted dioxins (especially OCDD), in three samples collected from one catchment (Burrishoole) in the West of Ireland, POP levels in general were determined to be low in eels from Irish waters compared to those in other countries

How Reasoning Aims at Truth

Many hold that theoretical reasoning aims at truth. In this paper, I ask what it is for reasoning to be thus aim-directed. Standard answers to this question explain reasoning’s aim-directedness in terms of intentions, dispositions, or rule-following. I argue that, while these views contain important insights, they are not satisfactory. As an alternative, I introduce and defend a novel account: reasoning aims at truth in virtue of being the exercise of a distinctive kind of cognitive power, one that, unlike ordinary dispositions, is capable of fully explaining its own exercises. I argue that this account is able to avoid the difficulties plaguing standard accounts of the relevant sort of mental teleology