244 research outputs found
Thermodynamics of the classical spin-ice model with nearest neighbour interactions using the Wang-Landau algorithm
In this article we study the classical nearest-neighbour spin-ice model
(nnSI) by means of Monte Carlo simulations, using the Wang-Landau algorithm.
The nnSI describes several of the salient features of the spin-ice materials.
Despite its simplicity it exhibits a remarkably rich behaviour. The model has
been studied using a variety of techniques, thus it serves as an ideal
benchmark to test the capabilities of the Wang Landau algorithm in magnetically
frustrated systems. We study in detail the residual entropy of the nnSI and, by
introducing an applied magnetic field in two different crystallographic
directions ([111] and [100],) we explore the physics of the kagome-ice phase,
the transition to full polarisation, and the three dimensional Kasteleyn
transition. In the latter case, we discuss how additional constraints can be
added to the Hamiltonian, by taking into account a selective choice of states
in the partition function and, then, show how this choice leads to the
realization of the ideal Kasteleyn transition in the system.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure
An intermediate state between the kagome-ice and the fully polarized state in DyTiO
DyTiO is at present the cleanest example of a spin-ice material.
Previous theoretical and experimental work on the first-order transition
between the kagome-ice and the fully polarized state has been taken as a
validation for the dipolar spin-ice model. Here we investigate in further depth
this phase transition using ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization, and compare
this results with Monte-Carlo simulations and previous magnetization and
specific heat measurements. We find signatures of an intermediate state between
the kagome-ice and full polarization. This signatures are absent in current
theoretical models used to describe spin-ice materials.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Rigid-Band Shift of the Fermi Level in a Strongly Correlated Metal: Sr(2-y)La(y)RuO(4)
We report a systematic study of electron doping of Sr2RuO4 by non-isovalent
substitution of La^(3+) for Sr^(2+). Using a combination of de Haas-van Alphen
oscillations, specific heat, and resistivity measurements, we show that
electron doping leads to a rigid-band shift of the Fermi level corresponding to
one doped electron per La ion, with constant many-body quasiparticle mass
enhancement over the band mass. The susceptibility spectrum is substantially
altered and enhanced by the doping but this has surprisingly little effect on
the strength of the unconventional superconducting pairing.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Multiple first-order metamagnetic transitions and quantum oscillations in ultrapure
We present measurements on ultra clean single crystals of the bilayered
ruthenate metal Sr3Ru2O7, which has a magnetic-field-tuned quantum critical
point. Quantum oscillations of differing frequencies can be seen in the
resistivity both below and above its metamagnetic transition. This frequency
shift corresponds to a small change in the Fermi surface volume that is
qualitatively consistent with the small moment change in the magnetisation
across the metamagnetic transition. Very near the metamagnetic field, unusual
behaviour is seen. There is a strong enhancement of the resistivity in a narrow
field window, with a minimum in the resistivity as a function of temperature
below 1 K that becomes more pronounced as the disorder level decreases. The
region of anomalous behaviour is bounded at low temperatures by two first-order
phase transitions. The implications of the results are discussed. PACS:
68.35.Rh, 71.27.+a, 72.15.-v, 74.70.PqComment: 12 pages 4 figures, submitte
Formation of a Nematic Fluid at High Fields in Sr3Ru2O7
In principle, a complex assembly of strongly interacting electrons can
self-organise into a wide variety of collective states, but relatively few such
states have been identified in practice. We report that, in the close vicinity
of a metamagnetic quantum critical point, high purity Sr3Ru2O7 possesses a
large magnetoresistive anisotropy, consistent with the existence of an
electronic nematic fluid. We discuss a striking phenomenological similarity
between our observations and those made in high purity two-dimensional electron
fluids in GaAs devices.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 11 extra pages of supplementary informatio
The n-acetyl phenylalanine glucosamine derivative attenuates the inflammatory/catabolic environment in a chondrocyte-synoviocyte co-culture system
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, still lacks a true disease-modifying therapy. The involvement of the NF-κB pathway and its upstream activating kinases in OA pathogenesis has been recognized for many years. The ability of the N-acetyl phenylalanine glucosamine derivative (NAPA) to increase anabolism and reduce catabolism via inhibition of IKKα kinase has been previously observed in vitro and in vivo. The present study aims to confirm the chondroprotective effects of NAPA in an in vitro model of joint OA established with primary cells, respecting both the crosstalk between chondrocytes and synoviocytes and their phenotypes. This model satisfactorily reproduces some features of the previously investigated DMM model, such as the prominent induction of ADAMTS-5 upon inflammatory stimulation. Both gene and protein expression analysis indicated the ability of NAPA to counteract key cartilage catabolic enzymes (ADAMTS-5) and effectors (MCP-1). Molecular analysis showed the ability of NAPA to reduce IKKα nuclear translocation and H3Ser10 phosphorylation, thus inhibiting IKKα transactivation of NF-κB signalling, a pivotal step in the NF-κB-dependent gene expression of some of its targets. In conclusion, our data confirm that NAPA could truly act as a disease-modifying drug in OA
The de Haas-van Alphen effect across the metamagnetic transition in SrRuO
We report a study of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect on the itinerant
metamagnet SrRuO. Extremely high sample purity allows the
observation of dHvA oscillations both above and below the metamagnetic
transition field of 7.9 T. The quasiparticle masses are fairly large away from
the transition, and are enhanced by up to an extra factor of three as the
transition is approached, but the Fermi surface topography change is quite
small. The results are qualitatively consistent with a field-induced Stoner
transition in which the mass enhancement is the result of critical
fluctuations.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Asymptotic Stability of Ascending Solitary Magma Waves
Coherent structures, such as solitary waves, appear in many physical
problems, including fluid mechanics, optics, quantum physics, and plasma
physics. A less studied setting is found in geophysics, where highly viscous
fluids couple to evolving material parameters to model partially molten rock,
magma, in the Earth's interior. Solitary waves are also found here, but the
equations lack useful mathematical structures such as an inverse scattering
transform or even a variational formulation.
A common question in all of these applications is whether or not these
structures are stable to perturbation. We prove that the solitary waves in this
Earth science setting are asymptotically stable and accomplish this without any
pre-exisiting Lyapunov stability. This holds true for a family of equations,
extending beyond the physical parameter space. Furthermore, this extends
existing results on well-posedness to data in a neighborhood of the solitary
waves.Comment: 60 pages, submitted to SIAM JM
Anomalous out-of-equilibrium dynamics in the spin-ice material Dy2Ti2O7 under moderate magnetic fields
This work was supported by Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) through grants PICT 2013-2004, PICT 2014-2618 and PICT 2017-2347, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) through Grant PIP 0446.We study experimentally and numerically the dynamics of the spin ice material Dy2Ti2O7 in the low temperature (T) and moderate magnetic field (B) regime (T ∈ [0.1, 1.7] K, B ∈ [0, 0.3] T). Our objective is to understand the main physics shaping the out-of-equilibrium magnetisation vs temperature curves in two different regimes. Very far from equilibrium, turning on the magnetic field after having cooled the system in zero field (ZFC) can increase the concentration of magnetic monopoles (localised thermal excitations present in these systems); this accelerates the dynamics. Similarly to electrolytes, this occurs through dissociation of bound monopole pairs. However, for spin ices the polarisation of the vacuum out of which the monopole pairs are created is a key factor shaping the magnetisation curves, with no analog. We observe a threshold field near 0.2 T for this fast dynamics to take place, linked to the maximum magnetic force between the attracting pairs. Surprisingly, within a regime of low temperatures and moderate fields, an extended Ohm's law can be used to describe the ZFC magnetisation curve obtained with the dipolar spin-ice model. However, in real samples the acceleration of the dynamics appears even sharper than in simulations, possibly due to the presence of avalanches. On the other hand, the effect of the field nearer equilibrium can be just the opposite to that at very low temperatures. Single crystals, as noted before for powders, abandon equilibrium at a blocking temperature TB which increases with field. Curiously, this behaviour is present in numerical simulations even within the nearest-neighbours interactions model. Simulations and experiments show that the increasing trend in TB is stronger for B||[100]. This suggests that the field plays a part in the dynamical arrest through monopole suppression, which is quite manifest for this field orientation.PostprintPeer reviewe
Field-tuned order by disorder in frustrated Ising magnets with antiferromagnetic interactions
We demonstrate the appearance of thermal order by disorder in Ising pyrochlores with staggered antiferromagnetic order frustrated by an applied magnetic field. We use a mean-field cluster variational method, a low-temperature expansion, and Monte Carlo simulations to characterize the order-by-disorder transition. By direct evaluation of the density of states, we quantitatively show how a symmetry-broken state is selected by thermal excitations. We discuss the relevance of our results to experiments in 2D and 3D samples and evaluate how anomalous finite-size effects could be exploited to detect this phenomenon experimentally in two-dimensional artificial systems, or in antiferromagnetic all-in-all-out pyrochlores like Nd2Hf2O7 or Nd2Zr2O7, for the first time.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
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