A Review On Omaveloxolone

Omaveloxolone is a semisynthetic triterpenoid used to treat friedreich’s ataxia. It is the second generation oleananetriterpenoid Nrf2 inducer with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is currently used to test in medical trials for freidreich’s ataxia, a genetic, multi –organ disease involving mitochondrial dysfunction. It is a nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator. It is reviewed under Food and Drug Administration and it has the potential to first approved treatment for friedreich’s ataxia. Omaveloxolone is not the cure for friedreich’s ataxia, it is the first agent targeting to reach NDA submission. It is the rational and potent therapy that is probably disease modifying in the treatment of friedreich’s ataxia. Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) is an Nrf2 activator, which decreases the susceptibility of cells through oxidative stress and it leads to cell death and tissue degradation. It is good tolerated not having any significant long term adverse effects. Treatment with RTA-408 remarkably improved in the neurological function, it is measured by modified Freidreich’s Ataxia Rating Scale

Heterogeneous Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio enabled Vehicular Networks Using Network Softwarization

Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is regarded as an emerging technology to solve the spectrum scarcity problem created by static spectrum allocation. In DSA, unlicensed users access idle channels opportunistically, without creating any harmful interference to licensed users. This method will also help to incorporate billions of wireless devices for different applications such as Internet-of-Things, cyber-physical systems, smart grids, etc. Vehicular networks for intelligent transportation cyber-physical systems is emerging concept to improve transportation security and reliability. IEEE 802.11p standard comprising of 7 channels is dedicated for vehicular communications. These channels could be highly congested and may not be able to provide reliable communications in urban areas. Thus, vehicular networks are expected to utilize heterogeneous wireless channels for reliable communications. In this thesis, real-time opportunistic spectrum access in cloud based cognitive radio network (ROAR) architecture is used for energy efficiency and dynamic spectrum access in vehicular networks where geolocation of vehicles is used to find idle channels. Furthermore, a three step mechanism to detect geolocation falsification attacks is presented. Performance is evaluated using simulation results

Case series of Foley’s induction in patients with previous caesarean

Background: The objective of this study was to study the efficacy of intracervical Foley’s catheter induction in women with previous history of caesarean section and to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome of these pregnancies.Methods: It is a prospective analysis of 30 patients whose labour was induced by intracervical Foley’s bulb for VBAC delivery. This study was conducted in KIMS, Hubli. Age, parity, indication of previous caesarean, inter-pregnancy interval and outcome of index pregnancy were studied in detail and analysed.Results: 30 women with previous history of caesarean were included into the study. Various indications of induction during index pregnancies were- post-datism, IUGR, intra-uterine foetal demise and severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Out of 30 women, 18 (60%) had successful VBAC delivery, 12 (40%) underwent repeat LSCS. 19 cases needed augmentation of labour. Indications for caesarean section were failed induction in 5 (16.6%) women, threatened scar rupture in 3 (10%), non-progress of labour in 2 (6.6%) and meconium stained amniotic fluid in 2 (6.6%). No cases of uterine rupture or maternal mortality was noted in the study.Conclusions: In our study the rate of vaginal birth was 60% without major maternal complications. Hence intracervical Foley’s catheter is an effective, safe and acceptable for labour induction in women with previous caesarean

Knowledge, attitude and practice of research ethics among medical faculty in a teaching hospital

Background: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical faculty regarding research ethics and research ethics committees (RECs).Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in ESIC medical colleges in Bangalore among faculty using a validated questionnaire. Questions were designed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical faculty regarding research ethics and research ethics committees. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.Results: Majority (76%) of faculty had not undergone training in research ethics. Less than half of the participants answered correctly to a question on guidelines in research ethics, 60% responded correctly to question on research involving children. Majority responded correctly to question on role of a research ethics committee and confidentiality, informed consent and to question on composition of Institutional Ethics Committee. 68% taught that ethical review of research by an ethics committee would delay research. >90% were favourable towards research ethics training. Faculty held attitudes regarding certain research ethics practices that were not optimal, 96% believed that it is okay to fabricate data, 68% taught that if no surrogate is available to give informed consent for vulnerable groups, they could still be included.Conclusions: We conclude that among the medical faculties participating in our study, there is acceptance of RECs and training in research ethics, while there are knowledge gaps in research ethics guidelines, research involving children. There is need to train researchers and students to make them aware about various aspects of research

A rare presentation of deep infiltrating cervical endometriosis mimicking cervical cancer

Though endometriosis is a common progressive benign disorder of women, endometriosis of the cervix is rarely seen. It poses a challenge both for diagnosis and management. Most of the patients with Cervical endometriosis are asymptomatic, present with abnormal vaginal bleeding, post-coital bleeding or intermenstrual bleeding. In this paper, we report a rare case of deep infiltrating cervical endometriosis involving the ureter mimicking cervical cancer, the need for awareness to include cervical endometriosis as a differential diagnosis in case of menstural irregularities and its potential to cause serious complications

Novel Clustering Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks – A Survey

A study of Wireless Sensor Networks has been growing tremendously these days. Wireless Sensor Networks play a major role in various fields ranging from smart homes to health care. WSN’s operate independently in remote places. Because of tiny size of the nodes in such type of networks, they have a limited number of resources in terms of energy and power. Basically, sensor networks can be classified into flat and cluster based Wireless Sensor Networks. But, Clustering based Sensor Networks play a major role in reducing the energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks. Clustering also focuses on solving the No.s that arise during transmission of data. Clustering will group nodes into clusters and elects Cluster Heads for all clusters in the network. Then the nodes sense data and send that data to cluster head where the aggregation of data will take place. This paper focuses on various novel clustering techniques that improve the network’s lifetime

Method Development and Validation of Fluconazole and Ivermectin in pure and Combined Dosage form using UV by Q- absorption ratio and Vierotd’s method

Multicomponent analysis involves simultaneous estimation of drug substances in combined dosage form. A comparative study between Q-Absorption ratio technique and Simultaneous Equation Method has been established for effective implication of the developed method. Numerous trials were performed as a part of solvent selection, both the drugs under study Fluconazole (FLN) and Ivermectin (IVR) have shown good solubility in methanol (Spectroscopic Grade). The absorption maxima (λmax) were found to be 261nm for FLU and 245nm for IVR respectively. Both the drugs were showing same extinction coefficient (Isosbestic point) at 261nm. A comparative study is proposed to be established for simultaneous equation and Q-absorption ratio method. Between the concentration and absorbance, calibration curves revealed a linear relationship. The regression line equation was established and identified r2 for Fluconazole and Ivermectin is 0.999 and 0.999. Fluconazole and Ivermectin were assessed by the validated method when each of the drug individually subjected to various stress conditions like concentrated acidic, basic, peroxide, excessive light and thermal. For estimation, the suggested approach was used for drug content in locally available marketed formulations which has proven successful for routine analysis of the same with the application of vierotd’s as well as Q-absorption method

Efficient Medical Image Compression Based on Wavelet Transform and Modified Gray Wolf Optimization

The use of medical images in diagnostic procedures is increasing, leadning to a significant rise in the memory and bandwidth requirements for preserving and transmitting these images. To address this issue, image compression techniques have garnered significant attention. These techniques are capable of reducing the data size necessary to represent an image, allowing for more efficient utilization of storage space and communication bandwidth by eliminating unnecessary information. Numerous research directions have focused on compressing medical images, but past approaches have been time-consuming and risked information loss. To trounce these limitations, this paper introduces an effiective method for reducing the size of medical images in telemedicine applications. The method utilizes Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) and sophisticated algorithm. Primarily, input images undergo pre-processing with a circular median filter to eliminate noise and improve image quality. Subsequently, the pre-processed images are divided into multiple sub bands using IWT.Then, these sub bands are furhter divided into n X n non-overlapping matrices, and optimal coefficients are chosen by employing a modified grey wolf optimizer algorithm. Finally, the selected coefficients are encoded using Huffman coding for transmission. During decompression, the reverse process of image compression is applied. The introduced method is tested on various medical images, and the findings demonstrate its superior performance compared to previous methods, generating visually similar images with a smaller data size