High-capacity electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage: Role of nanoscale effects

This review summarizes the current state-of-the art electrode materials used for high-capacity lithium-ion-based batteries and their significant role towards revolutionizing the elec- trochemical energy storage landscape in the area of consumer electronics, transportation and grid storage application. We discuss the role of nanoscale effects on the electrochemical performance of high-capacity battery electrode materials. Decrease in the particle size of the primary electrode materials from micron to nanometre size improves the ionic and electronic diffusion rates signifi- cantly. Nanometre-thick solid electrolyte (such as lithium phosphorous oxynitride) and oxides (such as Al 2 O 3 ,ZnO,TiO 2 etc.) material coatings also improve the interfacial stability and rate capability of a number of battery chemistries. We elucidate these effects in terms of different high-capacity battery chemistries based on intercalation and conversion mechanism

Determination of Fatigue Life of Surface Propeller by Using Finite Element Analysis

Propeller design aims at achieving high propulsive efficiency at low levels of vibration and noise, usually with minimum cavitations. Achieving this aim is difficult with conventional propellers, as ships have become larger and faster propeller diameters have remained limited by draught and other factors. Surface piercing propeller offers an attractive alternative to high-speed crafts, which operate under limited draught. The performance of the vehicle depends upon the efficiency of the propeller. The geometric shape and its surface finish will decide the efficiency of the propeller. The material used is carbon UD and aluminum. The present project basically deals with the modeling, Analysis of the propeller using composite material of a marine vehicle having low draft. A propeller is complex 3D model geometry. CATIA modeling software is used for generating the blade model and tool path on the computer. Sectional data, pitch angle of the propeller are the inputs for the development of propeller model. Finite element analysis was carried out using ABAQUS. The propeller model developed in CATIA is converted in to IGES file and then imported to HYPERMESH for developing fine mesh of the model. As a part of the analysis static structural testing was conducted by varying material properties in pre-processing stage. Further fatigue analysis was performed to analyze the factor of safety. Based on the results obtained from both static analysis and dynamic analysis a better performing material is identified for the development of a propeller. The post processed results obtained from both analysis methods recommends carbon UD/ Epoxy for the fabrication of propeller

A NOTE ON SPECIAL GEODESIC MAPPINGS ON RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS

In this paper, we have studied some properties of spe-cial geodesic mappings on Riemannian manifolds. We have shownthat if f : (Mn; g) ! ( Mn; g) is a special geodesic mapping ofa at Riemannian manifold (Mn; g) onto a Riemannian manifold( Mn; g), then Mn is of constant curvature

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new pyrrole derivatives

New pyrrole derivatives were synthesized and structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analyses data. The reaction was performed by using ordinary condensation type, which enabled to easy work-up and good yield. Synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity.KEY WORDS: Pyrrole, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine, 4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ol, Cyclization, Antimicrobial activity, Structure activity relationship Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2012, 26(3), 429-435.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v26i3.1

Raman microscopy of lithium-manganese-rich transition metal oxide cathodes

Lithium-rich and manganese-rich (LMR) layered transition metal (TM) oxide composites with general formula xLi2MnO3 • (1- x)LiMO2 (M = Ni, Co, Mn) are promising cathode candidates for high energy density lithium ion batteries. Lithium-manganese-rich TM oxides crystallize as a nanocomposite layered phase whose structure further evolves with electrochemical cycling. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to monitor the crystal chemistry and correlate phase changes with electrochemical behavior. While several groups have reported Raman spectra of lithium rich TM oxides, the data show considerable variability in terms of both the vibrational features observed and their interpretation. In this study, Raman microscopy is used to investigate lithium-rich and manganese-rich TM cathodes as a function of voltage and electrochemical cycling at various temperatures. No growth of a spinel phase is observed within the cycling conditions. However, analysis of the Raman spectra does indicate the structure of LMR-NMC deviates significantly from an ideal layered phase. The results also highlight the importance of using low laser power and large sample sizes to obtain consistent data sets

Drug utilization study and prescribing patterns in psychiatry patients at a tertiary care hospital

Background: The Drug utilization research (DUR) compares drug use between different countries and regions and is used to assess the rationality of prescribing pattern of the drug therapy. With this background we decided to evaluate antipsychotic drugs prescribing pattern in the psychiatric patients in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was carried out at Department of Psychiatry, DSMCH. It was open label, cross - sectional, prescribed Documents based study. Duration of the study was one month (May-2017). Out-Patient number, age, sex, diagnosis, prescribed generic name, brand name, dose, route of administration, duration of therapy obtained from the Prescription register of Out - Patient Department of the Psychiatry.Results: The clinical experiences of the Psychiatrist I, II and III were 17 years, 35 years and 10 years respectively. The Psychiatrist I, II and III prescribed treatment for 36 (31.9%), 61 (54%) and 16 (14.2%) patients respectively. Among overall (n=113) patients (average age 38.9 years), male n=56 (49.6%) and female=57 (50.4%) were treated by all the three psychiatrists. The percentage of prescription of various drugs used were: Escitalopram (15.7%), Clonazepam (14.6%), Sertraline (8.7%), Risperidone (7.5%), Propranolol (6.7%), Olanzapine (6.3%), Quetiapine (5.9%), Trihexyphenidyl (5.5%), Amitriptyline (5.1%) and Other prescribed drugs, were between (0.4 to 2.8%).Conclusions: From this study, it can conclude that rational usage of drugs were followed in this study. All three prescribers (Psychiatrist I, II, and III) prescriptions were found to be rationale

Modelling of ionospheric time delays based on adjusted spherical harmonic analysis

The ionosphere is the region of the upper atmosphere and the study of the upper atmosphere has a significant role in monitoring, modeling and forecasting for satellite based navigation services. As India lies in a low latitude region, a more careful approach has to be taken to characterize the ionosphere due to the irregularities and equatorial anomaly conditions. In order to study the ionospheric temporal variations, a regional ionospheric model based on the Adjusted Spherical Harmonic Analysis (ASHA) is implemented. The results indicate that the ASHA model is one of the contenders for estimating ionospheric delays well for GNSS augmentation systems

A CNN and LSTM-based Model for Creating Captions for Photos

Can a machine interpret an image's meaning with the same speed as the human brain when it is seen? This problem was heavily researched by computer vision specialists, who believed it to be unsolvable until recently. It is now possible to develop models that can generate captions for pictures because of advancements in deep learning techniques, accessibility to large datasets, and processing power. This will be accomplished by the Python-based implementation of the article's deep learning convolutional neural network technique and a particular kind of recurrent neural network. Here the proposed model uses CNN and LSTM methods to achieve desired tas