Propuesta de alfabetización mediática ante los estereotipos de género en los medios de comunicación: resultados y valoración de “rostros de mujer”

Educating today's society requires moving towards to new forms of literacy that promote a critical attitude towards the media, as a responsibility shared by various actors. In this paperwork, we propose an innovative resource to improve media education, aimed at different groups, addressing gender stereotypes that appear in different media of communication through the virtual chat rooms called "Faces of Women". Below you can find the results obtained after its implementation, and the evaluation of a group of experts who have been interviewed. The results allow us to make progress towards achieving citizenship media, which interacts with the media, critically analyzing messages and screens, due to the development of media skills

Conectar con el público: diseño estratégico de las comunidades de usuarios por la TV

The challenges of human interaction go through the basic need to connect. TV digitization resulted in a converged environment that strengthens the "de-massification of the mass media". The increasingly personalized, targeted, shared and commented consumption require strategies to connect directly to each user, while seeking his own connection with other public and with the media. This article is part of the strategic interests of the user communities in the converging TV, especially among the millennial audience. We conclude that have barely yet developed its potential and opens an avenue of discussion to improve the connection between the transmedia programming and audiences

Propuesta de alfabetización mediática ante los estereotipos de género en los medios de comunicación: resultados y valoración de “rostros de mujer”

Educating today's society requires moving towards to new forms of literacy that promote a critical attitude towards the media, as a responsibility shared by various actors. In this paperwork, we propose an innovative resource to improve media education, aimed at different groups, addressing gender stereotypes that appear in different media of communication through the virtual chat rooms called "Faces of Women". Below you can find the results obtained after its implementation, and the evaluation of a group of experts who have been interviewed. The results allow us to make progress towards achieving citizenship media, which interacts with the media, critically analyzing messages and screens, due to the development of media skills

Conectar con el público: diseño estratégico de las comunidades de usuarios por la TV

The challenges of human interaction go through the basic need to connect. TV digitization resulted in a converged environment that strengthens the "de-massification of the mass media". The increasingly personalized, targeted, shared and commented consumption require strategies to connect directly to each user, while seeking his own connection with other public and with the media. This article is part of the strategic interests of the user communities in the converging TV, especially among the millennial audience. We conclude that have barely yet developed its potential and opens an avenue of discussion to improve the connection between the transmedia programming and audiences

Work and heat fluctuations in two-state systems: a trajectory thermodynamics formalism

Two-state models provide phenomenological descriptions of many different systems, ranging from physics to chemistry and biology. We investigate work fluctuations in an ensemble of two-state systems driven out of equilibrium under the action of an external perturbation. We calculate the probability density P(W) that a work equal to W is exerted upon the system along a given non-equilibrium trajectory and introduce a trajectory thermodynamics formalism to quantify work fluctuations in the large-size limit. We then define a trajectory entropy S(W) that counts the number of non-equilibrium trajectories P(W)=exp(S(W)/kT) with work equal to W. A trajectory free-energy F(W) can also be defined, which has a minimum at a value of the work that has to be efficiently sampled to quantitatively test the Jarzynski equality. Within this formalism a Lagrange multiplier is also introduced, the inverse of which plays the role of a trajectory temperature. Our solution for P(W) exactly satisfies the fluctuation theorem by Crooks and allows us to investigate heat-fluctuations for a protocol that is invariant under time reversal. The heat distribution is then characterized by a Gaussian component (describing small and frequent heat exchange events) and exponential tails (describing the statistics of large deviations and rare events). For the latter, the width of the exponential tails is related to the aforementioned trajectory temperature. Finite-size effects to the large-N theory and the recovery of work distributions for finite N are also discussed. Finally, we pay particular attention to the case of magnetic nanoparticle systems under the action of a magnetic field H where work and heat fluctuations are predicted to be observable in ramping experiments in micro-SQUIDs.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figures (Latex

MPK6, sphinganine and the \u3ci\u3eLCB2a\u3c/i\u3e gene from serine palmitoyltransferase are required in the signaling pathway that mediates cell death induced by long chain bases in \u3ci\u3eArabidopsis\u3c/i\u3e

• Long chain bases (LCBs) are sphingolipid intermediates acting as second messengers in programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. Most of the molecular and cellular features of this signaling function remain unknown. • We induced PCD conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and analyzed LCB accumulation kinetics, cell ultrastructure and phenotypes in serine palmitoyltransferase (spt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (mpk), mitogenactivated protein phosphatase (mkp1) and lcb-hydroxylase (sbh) mutants. • The lcb2a-1 mutant was unable to mount an effective PCD in response to fumonisin B1 (FB1), revealing that the LCB2a gene is essential for the induction of PCD. The accumulation kinetics of LCBs in wild-type (WT) and lcb2a-1 plants and reconstitution experiments with sphinganine indicated that this LCB was primarily responsible for PCD elicitation. The resistance of the null mpk6 mutant to manifest PCD on FB1 and sphinganine addition and the failure to show resistance on pathogen infection and MPK6 activation by FB1 and LCBs indicated that MPK6 mediates PCD downstream of LCBs. • This work describes MPK6 as a novel transducer in the pathway leading to LCBinduced PCD in Arabidopsis, and reveals that sphinganine and the LCB2a gene are required in a PCD process that operates as one of the more effective strategies used as defense against pathogens in plants

Dynamics of escaping Earth ejecta and their collision probability with different Solar System bodies

It has been suggested that the ejection to interplanetary space of terrestrial crustal material, accelerated in a large impact, may result in the interchange of biological material between Earth and other Solar System bodies. In this paper, we analyze the fate of debris ejected from Earth by means of numerical simulations of the dynamics of a large collection of test particles. This allows us to determine the probability and conditions for the collision of ejecta with other planets of the Solar System. We also estimate the amount of particles falling-back to Earth as a function of time after being ejected. We find that, in general, the collision rates of Earth ejecta with Venus and the Moon, as well as the fall-back rates, are consistent with results reported in the literature. By considering a larger number of particles than in all previous calculations we have also determined directly the collision probability with Mars and, for the first time, computed collision probabilities with Jupiter. We find that the collision probability with Mars is greater than values determined from collision cross section estimations previously reported.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures & 1 table. Submitted to Icaru