Relative, local and global dimension in complex networks

Dimension is a fundamental property of objects and the space in which they are embedded. Yet ideal notions of dimension, as in Euclidean spaces, do not always translate to physical spaces, which can be constrained by boundaries and distorted by inhomogeneities, or to intrinsically discrete systems such as networks. To take into account locality, finiteness and discreteness, dynamical processes can be used to probe the space geometry and define its dimension. Here we show that each point in space can be assigned a relative dimension with respect to the source of a diffusive process, a concept that provides a scale-dependent definition for local and global dimension also applicable to networks. To showcase its application to physical systems, we demonstrate that the local dimension of structural protein graphs correlates with structural flexibility, and the relative dimension with respect to the active site uncovers regions involved in allosteric communication. In simple models of epidemics on networks, the relative dimension is predictive of the spreading capability of nodes, and identifies scales at which the graph structure is predictive of infectivity. We further apply our dimension measures to neuronal networks, economic trade, social networks, ocean flows, and to the comparison of random graphs

An FFAG Transport Line for the PAMELA Project

The PAMELA project to design an accelerator for hadron therapy using non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (NS-FFAG) magnets requires a transport line and gantry to take the beam to the patient. The NS-FFAG principle offers the possibility of a gantry much smaller, lighter and cheaper than conventional designs, with the added ability to accept a wide range of fast changing energies. This paper will build on previous work to investigate a transport line which could be used for the PAMELA project. The design is presented along with a study and optimisation of its acceptance

The Contribution of Nursing to the Health of New Zealand

Nursing in New Zealand, has been a recognised profession for one hundred years. Throughout this time the profession has made a significant contribution to the health of communities, nationally and internationally. Despite the obvious effort and achievement, the evidence of this contribution is not well known, is documented in a few literature sources only although it is talked about widely as part of 'myth and legend'. Nurses, now as never before, are challenged to show how they 'add value' and to explain why nursing expertise is essential to safe service delivery. Finding a way to communicate this contribution has been identified as one of the most important issues facing the profession. This thesis explores the concept of contribution and presents a model, the 'Contribution Model', to show how nursing can articulate the action and achievements that show how nursing professionals have and will continue to contribute to health gain in New Zealand. Through the application of the 'Contribution Model' and framework presented in this thesis, nursing is shown to have made a contribution to health gain by using the broad range of knowledge, skills and experiences in a wide range of settings, to provide care wherever and whenever required. Case studies and scenarios from history, observation and prediction are used to show how the actions and achievements of nursing meet the expectations of individuals, the community and society: past, present and future

Drivers of songbird productivity at a restored gravel pit: influence of seasonal flooding and rainfall patterns and implications for habitat management

The restoration of riparian sites following aggregate extraction frequently aims to expand the wetland habitat, and enhance the wetland wildlife community. However, aggregate extraction sites, typically on river flood plains, are subject to unpredictable flooding along with climate variability and other factors beyond the control of local management that may be equally important in determining the success or failure of a restoration project. Here we report on an 18-year study tracking songbird productivity and changes in the avian community following the restoration of a gravel pit on the flood plain of the River Great Ouse, Cambridgeshire. As part of the British Trust for Ornithology's Constant Effort Site ringing scheme, the productivity (ratio of young: adult captured) of 5 migrant and 6 resident species was measured systematically. Capture data along with environmental variables pertinent to the flood plain habitat were analysed using generalised linear models. For some migrant species (e.g. willow warbler Phylloscopus trochilus and reed warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus) breeding success was predicted by maximum winter flood. The productivity of resident species (e.g. dunnock Prunella modularis) was predicted not only by the overall amount of rain (positively related to production) but also the extent of spring downpours (negatively related to production). We expected that a major influence on the avian community would be the passage of time and associated vegetation succession. However, winter flood was found to be particularly important, as to a lesser extent was spring rain and unseasonal cold snaps. Detrended correspondence analysis of the total numbers of birds captured (adults + young) for 16 species showed that the changing avian community was shaped by winter floods more than by patterns in precipitation. It would appear that the avian community is influenced by patterns of habitat change, shaped as much by climate variability as local land management

Machine Learning in Tremor Analysis: Critique and Directions

Tremor is the most frequent human movement disorder, and its diagnosis is based on clinical assessment. Yet finding the accurate clinical diagnosis is not always straightforward. Fine-tuning of clinical diagnostic criteria over the past few decades, as well as device-based qualitative analysis, has resulted in incremental improvements to diagnostic accuracy. Accelerometric assessments are commonplace, enabling clinicians to capture high-resolution oscillatory properties of tremor, which recently have been the focus of various machine-learning (ML) studies. In this context, the application of ML models to accelerometric recordings provides the potential for less-biased classification and quantification of tremor disorders. However, if implemented incorrectly, ML can result in spurious or nongeneralizable results and misguided conclusions. This work summarizes and highlights recent developments in ML tools for tremor research, with a focus on supervised ML. We aim to highlight the opportunities and limitations of such approaches and provide future directions while simultaneously guiding the reader through the process of applying ML to analyze tremor data. We identify the need for the movement disorder community to take a more proactive role in the application of these novel analytical technologies, which so far have been predominantly pursued by the engineering and data analysis field. Ultimately, big-data approaches offer the possibility to identify generalizable patterns but warrant meaningful translation into clinical practice. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Charge Exchange Processes between Excited Helium and Fully Stripped Ions

We made a classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) calculation of state selective cross sections for processes between some light ions and excited helium. The results, useful for analysis of spectroscopic data of fusion devices, are in good agreement with theoretical predictions of scaling laws.Comment: LaTex, 8 pages, 4 figures (available on request to the authors), DFPD/94/TH/57, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Проблеми становлення і розвитку інформаційного законодавства в контексті євроінтеграції України

Щодо розвитку права і правової науки в інформаційній сфері в Україні.О развитии права и правовой науки в информационной сфере в Украине.On the development of law and law science in the informative sphere of Ukraine

Hot DQ White Dwarfs: Something Different

We present a detailed analysis of all the known Hot DQ white dwarfs in the Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) recently found to have carbon dominated atmospheres. Our spectroscopic and photometric analysis reveals that these objects all have effective temperatures between ~18,000 and 24,000 K. The surface composition is found to be completely dominated by carbon, as revealed by the absence of Hbeta and HeI 4471 lines (or determination of trace amount in a few cases). We find that the surface gravity of all objects but one seems to be ''normal'' and around log g = 8.0 while one is likely near log g = 9.0. The presence of a weak magnetic field is directly detected by spectropolarimetry in one object and is suspected in two others. We propose that these strange stars could be cooled down versions of the weird PG1159 star H1504+65 and form a new family of hydrogen and helium deficient objects following the post-AGB phase. Finally, we present the results of full nonadiabatic calculations dedicated specifically to each of the Hot DQ that show that only SDSS J142625.70+575218.4 is expected to exhibit luminosity variations. This result is in excellent agreement with recent observations by Montgomery et al. who find that J142625.70+575218.4 is the only pulsator among 6 Hot DQ white dwarfs surveyed in February 2008.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Holistic consideration of the intrinsic factors to Project Management success

In this paper I consider, with particular reference to the Electronic Data Systems (EDS) organisation, the necessary intrinsic factors required to achieve Information Technology project success. After highlighting a definition of project success and stating why it is important, I look to answer the question - how is project success achieved? Is this simply by meeting time, cost and quality constraints, as some purport or, more likely, does it require other factors, such as: • Differing styles and skills of Project Management • Choosing the right Project Manager for the right project • The use of a Project Management Methodology • An awareness of organisational strategy • Having a joined-up approach – by linking projects together • Stakeholder management • Project ownership • Levels and types of training • Communications • Mentoring and experience • Lessons learnt • A culture of trust • A level of Project Management control. These factors, which inspire project success, are considered using both the current theory and dedicated fieldwork. Finally, I conclude with a summary of the thesis and highlight where future research could be conducted into this interesting topic