4,349 research outputs found
Heavy quark medium polarization at next-to-leading order
We compute the imaginary part of the heavy quark contribution to the photon
polarization tensor, i.e. the quarkonium spectral function in the vector
channel, at next-to-leading order in thermal QCD. Matching our result, which is
valid sufficiently far away from the two-quark threshold, with a previously
determined resummed expression, which is valid close to the threshold, we
obtain a phenomenological estimate for the spectral function valid for all
non-zero energies. In particular, the new expression allows to fix the overall
normalization of the previous resummed one. Our result may be helpful for
lattice reconstructions of the spectral function (near the continuum limit),
which necessitate its high energy behaviour as input, and can in principle also
be compared with the dilepton production rate measured in heavy ion collision
experiments. In an appendix analogous results are given for the scalar channel.Comment: 43 pages. v2: a figure and other clarifications added, published
versio
A way to estimate the heavy quark thermalization rate from the lattice
The thermalization rate of a heavy quark is related to its momentum diffusion
coefficient. Starting from a Kubo relation and using the framework of the heavy
quark effective theory, we argue that in the large-mass limit the momentum
diffusion coefficient can be defined through a certain Euclidean correlation
function, involving color-electric fields along a Polyakov loop. Furthermore,
carrying out a perturbative computation, we demonstrate that the spectral
function corresponding to this correlator is relatively flat at small
frequencies. Therefore, unlike in the case of several other transport
coefficients, for which the narrowness of the transport peak makes analytic
continuation from Euclidean lattice data susceptible to severe systematic
uncertainties, it appears that the determination of the heavy quark
thermalization rate could be relatively well under control.Comment: 17 pages. v2: clarifications and references added, published versio
Application of a Linear Center Identification Scheme to Deterministic Polar Positioning
In a number of manufacturing applications, parts of circular cross-section must be centered for optimal processing or measurement. However, part form is never perfect, making accurate determination of the âcenteredâ state of a part difficult. Imperfect inputs to the manufacturing process such as rough-processed parts, deformation due to heat treatment, or raw formed materials present difficulty in centering by the traditional manual method. This paper presents a filtering and quantification technique for identifying the true center of an imperfect round part through isolation of the lowest polar frequency component. A low-cost device is presented that centers parts based on this frequency domain identification of center
The ultraviolet limit and sum rule for the shear correlator in hot Yang-Mills theory
We determine a next-to-leading order result for the correlator of the shear
stress operator in high-temperature Yang-Mills theory. The computation is
performed via an ultraviolet expansion, valid in the limit of small distances
or large momenta, and the result is used for writing operator product
expansions for the Euclidean momentum and coordinate space correlators as well
as for the Minkowskian spectral density. In addition, our results enable us to
confirm and refine a shear sum rule originally derived by Romatschke, Son and
Meyer.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures. v2: small clarifications, one reference added,
published versio
A non-perturbative contribution to jet quenching
It has been argued by Caron-Huot that infrared contributions to the jet
quenching parameter in hot QCD, denoted by qhat, can be extracted from an
analysis of a certain static-potential related observable within the
dimensionally reduced effective field theory. Following this philosophy, the
order of magnitude of a non-perturbative contribution to qhat from the
colour-magnetic scale, g^2T/pi, is estimated. The result is small; it is
probably below the parametrically perturbative but in practice slowly
convergent contributions from the colour-electric scale, whose all-orders
resummation therefore remains an important challenge.Comment: 4 pages. v2: clarifications, published versio
Quark mass thresholds in QCD thermodynamics
We discuss radiative corrections to how quark mass thresholds are crossed, as
a function of the temperature, in basic thermodynamic observables such as the
pressure, the energy and entropy densities, and the heat capacity of high
temperature QCD. The indication from leading order that the charm quark plays a
visible role at surprisingly low temperatures, is confirmed. We also sketch a
way to obtain phenomenological estimates relevant for generic expansion rate
computations at temperatures between the QCD and electroweak scales, pointing
out where improvements over the current knowledge are particularly welcome.Comment: 14 pages. v2: minor additions and clarifications; published versio
Accumulation of malto-oligosaccharides in the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of first-trimester human placentas
A cell-surface microvillar fraction that was isolated from the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of first-trimester human placentas was found to contain very high concentrations (890 +/- 32 microgram of hexose/mg of protein) of a class of low-molecular-weight oligosaccharides that were comprised entirely of glucose. T.l.c. and gel filtration showed that the saccharides contained from one to six glucose residues. The structures of the most prominent members of the series, a tetra- and a tri-saccharide, were determined. The anomeric configuration of the glucose residues was alpha, and methylation linkage analysis gave terminal and 4-linked hexose residues. These malto-oligosaccharides contained one reducing terminus per molecule, indicating that they were free and not bound to other structural elements of the cells. Within the placenta they appeared to be concentrated in the first-trimester trophoblastic cells, since crude membrane and particulate fractions isolated from either term trophoblastic cells or cultured placental fibroblasts did not contain detectable amounts of glucose oligomers. This series of oligosaccharides was similar to the products that are formed when glycogen is degraded by alpha-amylase in liver homogenates and may be indicative of a similar, highly active enzymic reaction closely associated with the brush border of the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of the first-trimester human placenta. Although the role of these oligosaccharides remains obscure they are probably involved in foetal metabolism
Gauge Dependence of the High-Temperature 2-Loop Effective Potential for the Higgs Field
The high-temperature limit of the 2-loop effective potential for the Higgs
field is calculated from an effective 3d theory, in a general covariant gauge.
It is shown explicitly that a gauge-independent result can be extracted for the
equation of state from the gauge-dependent effective potential. The convergence
of perturbation theory is estimated in the broken phase, utilizing the gauge
dependence of the effective potential.Comment: 13 LaTeX-pages + 2 ps-figure (Instructions added to uudecode the
ps-file.
Meson Correlation Function and Screening Mass in Thermal QCD
Analytical results for the spatial dependence of the correlation functions
for all meson excitations in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics, the lowest
order, are calculated. The meson screening mass is obtained as a large distance
limit of the correlation function. Our analysis leads to a better understanding
of the excitations of Quark Gluon Plasma at sufficiently large temperatures and
may be of relevance for future numerical calculations with fully interacting
Quantum Chromodynamics.Comment: 11 page
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