Small-world behavior in a system of mobile elements

We analyze the propagation of activity in a system of mobile automata. A number r L^d of elements move as random walkers on a lattice of dimension d, while with a small probability p they can jump to any empty site in the system. We show that this system behaves as a Dynamic Small-World (DSW) and present analytic and numerical results for several quantities. Our analysis shows that the persistence time T* (equivalent to the persistence size L* of small-world networks) scales as T* ~ (r p)^(-t), with t = 1/(d+1).Comment: To appear in Europhysics Letter

B_{s,d} -> l^+ l^- and K_L -> l^+ l^- in SUSY models with non-minimal sources of flavour mixing

We present a general analysis of B_{s,d}-> l^+ l^- and K_L -> l^+ l^- decays in supersymmetric models with non-minimal sources of flavour mixing. In spite of the existing constraints on off-diagonal squark mass terms, these modes could still receive sizeable corrections, mainly because of Higgs-mediated FCNCs arising at large tan(beta). The severe limits on scenarios with large tan(beta) and non-negligible {tilde d}^i_{R(L)}-{d-tilde}^j_{R(L)} mixing imposed by the present experimental bounds on these modes and Delta B=2 observables are discussed in detail. In particular, we show that scalar-current contributions to K_L -> l^+ l^- and B-{bar B} mixing set non-trivial constraints on the possibility that B_s -> l^+ l^- and B_d -> l^+ l^- receive large corrections.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures (v2: minor changes, published version

The sharp threshold for bootstrap percolation in all dimensions

In r-neighbour bootstrap percolation on a graph G, a (typically random) set A of initially 'infected' vertices spreads by infecting (at each time step) vertices with at least r already-infected neighbours. This process may be viewed as a monotone version of the Glauber dynamics of the Ising model, and has been extensively studied on the d-dimensional grid $[n]^d$. The elements of the set A are usually chosen independently, with some density p, and the main question is to determine $p_c([n]^d,r)$, the density at which percolation (infection of the entire vertex set) becomes likely. In this paper we prove, for every pair $d \ge r \ge 2$, that there is a constant L(d,r) such that $p_c([n]^d,r) = [(L(d,r) + o(1)) / log_(r-1) (n)]^{d-r+1}$ as $n \to \infty$, where $log_r$ denotes an r-times iterated logarithm. We thus prove the existence of a sharp threshold for percolation in any (fixed) number of dimensions. Moreover, we determine L(d,r) for every pair (d,r).Comment: 37 pages, sketch of the proof added, to appear in Trans. of the AM

Ligand-controlled divergent formation of alkenyl- or allylboronates catalyzed by Pd, and synthetic applications

The use of different ligands allows the preparation of either allyl- or alkenylboronates by Pd-catalyzed borylation of allylic carbonates containing alkyne groups. Unprecedented borylative cyclisation to alkenylboronates takes place with PCy3. The difficult dissociation of NHC ligands allows borylation of carbonates in the presence of alkynes. Oxidation, regioselective Suzuki coupling, as well as Au-catalyzed cycloisomerisation of boronates illustrate the potential synthetic applications of these reactionsThis work was supported by the MICINN (CTQ2010-15927) and the CAM (Project AVANCAT). We thank the UAM for a fellowship to R. L.-D., and the CCC-UAM for computation tim

The Fontao’s mine

[Abstract] The Fontao Mine (Vila de Cruces) was exploited from 1934 to 1973, having a little period without activity (1963-1968) in wich underground mining was changed to open pit. L a t e r , the mine has remained closed. In 2001, the Vila de Cruces council, worried by the conservation of Fontao mining heritage financed a prefeasibility study about the mine recovery in order to transform it into the Galicia Mining Park. During the carrying out of the project, many technical documents related to the mines and the ore body were handled, so a whole idea about the main geological and mining features was possible to obtain. This work seeks to show these ones and recover the name and memory of Fontao Mine, which was so important to Spanish economy, specially in that hard post II Wo r l d War da

Introduction to the dossier: Brazilian cinema in the neoliberal age (O cinema brasileiro na era neoliberal)

Introdução ao dossiê

Normal stress differences in non-Brownian fiber suspensions

International audienceIn this paper, we present an experimental study of the normal stress differences that arise in non-Brownian rigid fiber suspensions subject to a shear flow. While early measurements of the normal stress in fiber suspensions in Newtonian fluids measured only N 1 − N 2 , the recent work of Snook et al. J. Fluid Mech. 758 486 (2014) and the present paper provide the first measurements of N 1 and N 2 separately. Snook et al perform such measurements with a gap that is very wide compared with the fiber length, whereas the present paper explores the effects of confinement when the gap is 4-10 times the fiber length. The first and the second normal stress differences are measured using a single experiment which consists of determining the radial profile of the second normal stress, along the velocity gradient direction, Σ 22 , in a torsional flow between two parallel discs. Suspensions are made of monodisperse fibers immersed in a neutrally buoyant Newtonian fluid. Two fiber lengths and three aspect ratios a r = L/d, and a wide range of concentrations have been tested. N 1 is found to be positive while N 2 is negative and the magnitude of both normal stress differences increases when nL 2 d increases, n being the number fraction of fibers. The magnitude of N 2 is found to be much smaller than N 1 only for high aspect ratios and low fiber concentrations

High purity nanoparticles exceed stoichiometry limits in rebox chemistry: the nano way to cleaner water

A potentially cheaper and more effective way of cleaning wastewater has been discovered by scientists at Nazarbayev University and the University of Brighton researching nanotechnology [1]. It is well established that when particles are reduced to the nanoscale unexpected effects occur. Silver, for example, interacts with mercury ions in a fixed ratio of atoms (stoichiometry), typically 2:1, which presents a limit that has never been exceeded. In this project we used an alternative chemical procedure based on modified quartz sand to immobilise silver nanoparticles (NPs) with control over their size. We found that when the size of the silver NPs decreased below 35 nm the amount of mercury ions reacting with silver increased beyond the long-held limit and rose to a maximum of 1:1.2 for 10 nm sized silver