Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation along with Motor Relearning on Improving Functional Mobility in Subjects with Sub-Acute Stroke

AIM OF THE STUDY: The study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation along with motor relearning on improving functional mobility in subjects with sub-acute stroke. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The objective of the study is to enlighten the effectiveness of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation along with motor relearning in improving functional mobility in subjects with sub-acute stroke METHODOLOGY: STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study design. SAMPLE SIZE: 30 subjects with sub-acute stroke with functional mobility impairment were selected. PROCEDURE: Thirty subjects aged 45 to 55 years with stroke under Brunnstrom recovery stage III and IV were selected and assigned into two groups control group and experimental group with 15 subjects each, control group received PNF and the experimental group received PNF along with motor relearning program for a period of 4 weeks. Outcome measures: Extended timed up and go test (ETUG) was used to evaluate the functional mobility before and after the treatment. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The paired t test was used for within group analysis. The t values of control group for ETUG components sit to stand, walk 1, turn, walk 2, turn sit, walk speed ware 21.469, 9.234, 35.133, 11.259, 14.587, 29.077 and p value were 0.00 through SPSS. 17 version. The paired t test was used for within group analysis. The t values of experimental group for ETUG components sit to stand, walk 1, turn, walk 2, turn sit, walk speed were 19.795, 21.500, 15.985, 14.343, 18.189, 26.858 and p value were 0.00through SPSS. 17 version. The result showed significant improvement in within group analysis. The unpaired ‘t’ test was used to analyse between groups. The F value of ETUG components walk 2 and turn sit ware 4.731, 8.217 and p value of the same were 0.038, 0.008 respectively. The result showed that there were significant difference between control and experimental group in walk2 and turn to sit components. Hence it can be concluded that PNF along with motor relearning show improvement in functional mobility that subjects treated with PNF alone

A Study on Pakkavatham (Hemiplegia)

The research work on Pakkavatham was chosen with an intention to give solance to the patients who are suffering from the disease. The disease hemiplegia was comparatively studied with the disease pakkavatham with reference to its etiology, clinical featurea and pathogenesis. The author had a chance of referring many siddha literature and collected more information. Vishnu chakramathirai is a internal drug and kodiveli thylam is a external medicine was chosen and a clinical trial in Govt, siddha medical college, palayamkottai was conducted with these drugs. For this 38 cases were selected in which 13 were treated in out patient ward and remaining 25 were in in patient ward. The preclinical studies of the trial drug were initiating to be encouraging. Pharmacological analysis of vishnuchakra mathirai shows 1. Anti inflammatory action and 2. Haemolytic activity. Since, complimentary therapies or manual therapies like massage and varmam plays a significant role in treatment of hemiplegia. Some of the complimentary therapy from siddha system are manipulated along with trial drugs depending upon the severity of the disease. Daily improvement was observed to assess the efficacy. The results obtained were found to be propitious. Particularly results by complimentary therapies were found to be very auspicious. No adverse reactions were found. Hence the trial drug was found to be safe and effective. From the clinical study it could be inferred that treatment with trail drugs considerably improves the functions of Viyanan – responsiple for sensory and motor activities and body movement Abanan – responsible for defaecation, micturation, menstruation and Ejaculation. Nagan: responsible for higher intellectual functions and eye ball movement. Dhevathathan – responsible for movements of eye ball, laziness, arguing, begging. Samanan – responsible for normal digestion and correction of other vayus. It could be also inferred that the trial drugs inhibit the further vascular disorders and regulate the other physiological process of the body. Available investigations in modern medicine were also considered for diagnosis and follow the prognosis of the patients. The efficacy of the trial drugs were studied by bio-chemical analysis and pharmacological analysis

Anti-Theft Protection of Vehicle by GSM GPS with Fingerprint Verification

This paper focuses on preventing car theft using microcontrollers and GSM modules. We are generating the results with better accuracy and proficiency. It can be helpful to those people who want better and more advanced security in their vehicle

Atomoxetine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with autism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Atomoxetine is prescribed to children with autism spectrum disorder having symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We sought to examine the efficacy and safety of atomoxetine in this population. After screening for inclusion criteria, we identified three randomized placebo controlled trials involving 241 children. We assessed internal validity using standard Cochrane Risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used Revman 5.3 for meta‐analysis and GRADE approach to create summary of findings with grading of the quality of evidence. Atomoxetine had a benefit on improving parent‐rated hyperactivity (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.73, 95% Confidence Interval, CI = −1.15 to −0.34) and parent‐rated inattention (SMD = −0.53, 95% CI = −0.93 to −0.12) but the magnitude of effects is uncertain. However, atomoxetine was also associated with increased risk of non‐serious adverse effects like nausea and vomiting, decreased sleep, and decreased appetite. Atomoxetine may be effective in improving hyperactivity and inattention in children with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, we are uncertain about the true effect of this intervention and need more RCTs trials designed to evaluate this. Autism Research 2019, 12: 542–552. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Atomoxetine is prescribed for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). About a third of children and adolescents with autism also suffer from ADHD. We carried out an analysis of data reported from a specific kind of medication trials which had examined the effectiveness and side effects of atomoxetine in this patient population. We could find only three such trials and analyzed the reported data. Our analysis revealed that atomoxetine is effective in improving symptoms of ADHD like hyperactivity and inattention and also causes side effects like nausea, vomiting, decreased sleep, and decreased appetite. However, the existing data are insufficient to provide a conclusive statement with certainty and more trials are needed for this

Development of an Artificial Intelligent Firefighting Robot and Experiment Investigation on Fire Scene Patrol

Nowadays, due to human irresponsibility, unpredictable climate fluctuations, and household and industrial settings, fire incidents happen regularly. This study describes a firefighting robot that uses artificial intelligence to identify fire incidents and have capability to put out a fire remotely, minimising the risk to fire fighters. The firefighting robot moves according to a combination of user supervision and sensor-based inputs. Software includes integrated tracking, flame detection, obstacle avoidance, and fire extinguishing. The direction and amount of water sprayed can be adjusted by the servo motor that is attached to the firefighting hose. In the final phase, a simulated fire trial environment was used to assess the firefighting robot's performance. During an autonomous inspection of the fire affected area, the firefighting robot has the ability to identify flame in real time, initiate the automatic fire extinguishing by the fire extinguishing system, and manage the fire during its initial stages

Triazole Inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum Inosine 5?-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase

Cryptosporidium parvum is an important human pathogen and potential bioterrorism agent. This protozoan parasite cannot salvage guanine or guanosine and therefore relies on inosine 5?-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides and hence for survival. Because C. parvum IMPDH is highly divergent from the host counterpart, selective inhibitors could potentially be used to treat cryptosporidiosis with minimal effects on its mammalian host. A series of 1,2,3-triazole containing ether CpIMPDH inhibitors are described. A structure?activity relationship study revealed that a small alkyl group on the ?-position of the ether was required, with the (R)-enantiomer significantly more active than the (S)-enantiomer. Electron-withdrawing groups in the 3- and/or 4-positions of the pendent phenyl ring were best, and conversion of the quinoline containing inhibitors to quinoline-N-oxides retained inhibitory activity both in the presence and absence of bovine serum albumin. The 1,2,3-triazole CpIMPDH inhibitors provide new tools for elucidating the role of IMPDH in C. parvum and may serve as potential therapeutics for treating cryptosporidiosis

Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To assess the efficacy and safety of ghrelin on improving food intake, body composition and survival in patients with cachexia associated with cancer. © 2016 The Cochrane Collaboratio

Comparative Analysis of Rotation Invariant Pattern and Uniform Pattern in MMLBP Technique for Face Recognition

Recognizing humans based on one or more physical or behavioral traits is referred as Biometrics. Comparing to the traditional methods to authenticate persons, biometric plays a vital role in the area of human recognition. In the field of biometric, face and palm print recognition seeks more attention for the researchers. The failure of recognition is minimum and also the implementation is easier than more other techniques. In this paper we concentrated on face recognition with Local Binary Pattern(LBP), it is simple and fast to recognize face than more other algorithms. Uniform LBP is used to extract features to recognize the face to authenticate the persons. The “non-uniform” patterns are clustered into one pattern due to this lot of information lost. In order to overcome the heavy data which loss in non-uniform patterns a modified multi-scale LBP histogram algorithm is proposed. Hence, the useful non-uniform information is utilized without any training step with entire information without any data loss. We also compare the mapping methods, rotational invariant pattern and uniform with rotational invariant patterns and .hence evaluate the performance of the mapping methods

Understanding the effects of a polymer on the surface dissolution of pharmaceutical cocrystals using combined experimental and molecular dynamics simulation approaches

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.The molecular interactions between the surfaces of cocrystals [i.e., flufenamic acid and theophylline (FFA-TP), flufenamic acid and nicotinamide (FFA-NIC), and carbamazepine and nicotinamide (CBZ-NIC)] and the polymers [i.e., polyethyleneglycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone (60%)/vinyl acetate (40%) (PVP-VA)] were investigated through combined experimental and molecular dynamics simulation approaches to resolve the mechanisms of cocrystal dissolution and precipitation. It was found that adsorption of the polymers on the surfaces of cocrystals might prevent the precipitation of the parent drug and alter the dissolution rate. The effect of polymers on precipitation could be determined by the cocrystal dissolution rate, the interactions of polymers with the surfaces of cocrystals, the characters of the noncovalent bonds formed between the polymers and the cocrystal surfaces, and the mobility and conformation of the polymers. The etching experiments of single cocrystals revealed that FFA-NIC and CBZ-NIC appeared as surface precipitation cocrystals while FFA-TP could lead to bulk precipitation. Both PVP and PVP-VA were good precipitation inhibitors for FFA-NIC and they could completely inhibit the recrystallization of FFA III on the surfaces of dissolving cocrystals. In addition, as the adsorption of the polymer was slower than dissolution rate of the cocrystals, PVP and PVP-VA could only partially inhibit the recrystallization of CBZ dihydrate on the surface of CBZ-NIC. While PEG had no inhibitory effect on the surface crystallization of FFA-NIC and CBZ-NIC, due to its weak interactions with the surfaces of the cocrystals, it enhanced the dissolution performance of FFA-TP. In contrast, PVP and PVP-VA reduced the dissolution rate of FFA-TP and subsequently undermined the performance of cocrystals. Taken together, the approach of combining experimental and molecular dynamics simulation provided insights into the mechanisms of cocrystal dissolution as well as the polymers acting as inhibitory excipients for precipitation/recrystallisation, making contribution to the development of novel formulations