Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kacang Tanah ( Arachis Hypogaea L.) Pada Beberapa Pengolahan Tanah Inseptisol Dan Pemberianpupuk Kascing

Peanut is one of the source of protein for human foods. Production of peanutscan be increase by land cultivation and giving vermicompost. This research aimed toevaluate the effect of land cultivation and giving vermicompost for growth andproduction of peanuts. The study was conducted in Tanjung Sari, Kecamatan MedanSelayang. This research used split plot design, with two factors. First factor is landcultivation with 4 levels (traditional tillage with two stage of cultivation, traditionaltillage with one stage of cultivation, minimum tillage, and no-tillage).The secondfactor is the ratio of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers, whith 5 levels(chemical 100%,vermicompost 100%, vermicompost 75% + chemical fertilizer25%, vermicompost 50% + chemical fertilizer 50%, and vermicompost 25% +chemical fertilizer 75%. The result showed that land cultivation significantlyaffected the parameters the number of ginofor 2 and 3 month after planting(MAP), the number of filled pod, 100 seed weigth, production per sample andproduction per plot. The ratio of vermicompost and chemical fertilizerssignificantly affected the parameters of the number of branch 1 and 2 MAP. Theinteraction between land cultivation and the ratio of vermicompost and chemicalfertilizers did not significantly affected for all parameters

Pengembangan Asesmen Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Pada Materi Asam-basa Arrhenius

The study which use research and development method was aimed to describe the characteristic of creative thinking ability assessment, responses of teacher and students to the developed assessment. The developed assessment characteristic was used to measure students\u27 cognitive skills, especially creative thinking ability of students. Based on the validation results of the developed assessment, it was obtained high category on the construction and contents suitability with the curriculum aspects, and very high on readability aspect. The results of teacher\u27s respons to these aspects have a very high category. In other hand, the results of students\u27 responses to the readability aspect also has a very high category. The trial results of assessment to students\u27 showed that the assessment is valid and the reliability has a high value. Penelitian ini menggunakan me­­­­­­tode penelitian dan pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik asesmen kemampuan berpikir kreatif, tanggapan guru dan siswa terhadap asesmen yang dikembangkan. Karakteristik asesmen yang dikembangkan adalah mengukur ranah kognitif siswa, khususnya mengukur kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Berdasarkan hasil validasi terhadap asesmen yang dikembangkan, di­peroleh kategori tinggi pada aspek konstruksi dan aspek kesesuaian isi de­ngan kurikulum, dan sangat tinggi pada aspek keterbacaan. Hasil tanggapan guru ter­hadap ketiga aspek tersebut me­­­miliki kategori sangat tinggi. Sementara, hasil res­­pon siswa terhadap aspek ke­ter­bacaan juga memiliki kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil uji coba asesmen ke siswa menunjukkan bahwa asesmen ini valid dan reliabilitas bernilai tinggi

High statistics measurement of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays of 0.5-500 GeV with the alpha magnetic spectrometer on the international space station

A precision measurement by AMS of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 0.5 to 500 GeV based on 10.9 million positron and electron events is presented. This measurement extends the energy range of our previous observation and increases its precision. The new results show, for the first time, that above &sim;200GeV the positron fraction no longer exhibits an increase with energy.</p

Electron and positron fluxes in primary cosmic rays measured with the alpha magnetic spectrometer on the international space station

Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station of the primary cosmic-ray electron flux in the range 0.5 to 700 GeV and the positron flux in the range 0.5 to 500 GeV are presented. The electron flux and the positron flux each require a description beyond a single power-law spectrum. Both the electron flux and the positron flux change their behavior at &sim;30GeV but the fluxes are significantly different in their magnitude and energy dependence. Between 20 and 200 GeV the positron spectral index is significantly harder than the electron spectral index. The determination of the differing behavior of the spectral indices versus energy is a new observation and provides important information on the origins of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons.</p

Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Knowledge of the rigidity dependence of the boron to carbon flux ratio (B/C) is important in understanding the propagation of cosmic rays. The precise measurement of the B/C ratio from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV, based on 2.3 million boron and 8.3 million carbon nuclei collected by AMS during the first 5 years of operation, is presented. The detailed variation with rigidity of the B/C spectral index is reported for the first time. The B/C ratio does not show any significant structures in contrast to many cosmic ray models that require such structures at high rigidities. Remarkably, above 65 GV, the B/C ratio is well described by a single power law R[superscript Δ] with index Δ=-0.333±0.014(fit)±0.005(syst), in good agreement with the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence which predicts Δ=-1/3 asymptotically.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants 1455202 and 1551980)Wyle Research (Firm) (Grant 2014/T72497)United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Grant HELIO15F-0005

Antiproton Flux, Antiproton-to-Proton Flux Ratio, and Properties of Elementary Particle Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

International audienceA precision measurement by AMS of the antiproton flux and the antiproton-to-proton flux ratio inprimary cosmic rays in the absolute rigidity range from 1 to 450 GV is presented based on 3.49 × 105antiproton events and 2.42 × 109 proton events. The fluxes and flux ratios of charged elementary particlesin cosmic rays are also presented. In the absolute rigidity range ∼60 to ∼500 GV, the antiproton ¯p, protonp, and positron eþ fluxes are found to have nearly identical rigidity dependence and the electron e− fluxexhibits a different rigidity dependence. Below 60 GV, the ( ¯ p=p), ( ¯ p=eþ), and (p=eþ) flux ratios eachreaches a maximum. From ∼60 to ∼500 GV, the ( ¯ p=p), ( ¯ p=eþ), and (p=eþ) flux ratios show no rigiditydependence. These are new observations of the properties of elementary particles in the cosmos

Precision Measurement of the (e++e−) Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from 0.5 GeV to 1 TeV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

We present a measurement of the cosmic ray (e++e-) flux in the range 0.5 GeV to 1 TeV based on the analysis of 10.6 million (e++e-) events collected by AMS. The statistics and the resolution of AMS provide a precision measurement of the flux. The flux is smooth and reveals new and distinct information. Above 30.2 GeV, the flux can be described by a single power law with a spectral index &gamma;=-3.170&plusmn;0.008(stat+syst)&plusmn;0.008(energyscale).</p

Precision Measurement of the Helium Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays of Rigidities 1.9 GV to 3 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Knowledge of the precise rigidity dependence of the helium flux is important in understanding the origin, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays. A precise measurement of the helium flux in primary cosmic rays with rigidity (momentum/charge) from 1.9 GV to 3 TV based on 50 million events is presented and compared to the proton flux. The detailed variation with rigidity of the helium flux spectral index is presented for the first time. The spectral index progressively hardens at rigidities larger than 100 GV. The rigidity dependence of the helium flux spectral index is similar to that of the proton spectral index though the magnitudes are different. Remarkably, the spectral index of the proton to helium flux ratio increases with rigidity up to 45 GV and then becomes constant; the flux ratio above 45 GV is well described by a single power law.</p