Proton polarizability effect in the hyperfine splitting of the hydrogen atom

The contribution of the proton polarizability to the ground state hyperfine splitting in the hydrogen atom is evaluated on the basis of isobar model and evolution equations for the parton distributions. The contributions of the Born terms, vector meson exchanges and nucleon resonances are taken into account in the construction of the proton polarized structure functions $g_{1,2}(W,Q^2)$. Numerical values of this effect are equal $(2.2\pm 0.8)\times 10^{-6}$ times the Fermi splitting in electronic hydrogen and $(4.70\pm 1.04)\times 10^{-4}$ times the Fermi splitting in muonic hydrogen.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

The use of morphobiological characteristics in the selection of Phacelia Tanacetifolia Benth

The aim of the work is to create new adapted varieties resistant to the complex of biotic and abiotic factors on the basis of the use of Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. morphological and biological characteristic

Effect of unconventional physical treatments on the properties of anodic oxide coatings obtained in a suspension electrolyte

The new data for certain physical effects on anode-oxide coating deposition (ultrasonic field) and on coating (low-temperature plasma, thermal effects and short-time thermal shocks), formed in the electrolyte-suspension. The alumina powder is a dispersed phase in oxidizing AD-1M aluminum alloy. It is shown that the corrosion and thermal resistances are improved and the porosity is reduced under ultrasonic field conditions of oxidizing. The low-temperature plasma processing leads to crack formation on the coating surface independent of alumina presence

Comparative analysis of cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP synthesis in embryonic and postnatal hippocampal neuronal cultures

ATP in neurons is commonly believed to be synthesized mostly by mitochondria via oxidative phosphorylation. Neuronal mitochondria have been studied primarily in culture, i.e., in neurons isolated either from embryos or from neonatal pups. Although it is generally assumed that both embryonic and postnatal cultured neurons derive their ATP from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, this has never been tested experimentally. We expressed the FRET-based ATP sensor AT1.03 in cultured hippocampal neurons isolated either from E17 to E18 rat embryos or from P1 to P2 rat pups and monitored [ATP]c simultaneously with mitochondrial membrane potential ΔΨm; TMRM) and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. In embryonic neurons, transient glucose deprivation induced a near-complete decrease in [ATP]c, which was partially reversible and was accelerated by inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxyglucose. In the absence of glucose, pyruvate did not cause any significant increase in [ATP]c in 84% of embryonic neurons, and inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase with oligomycin failed to decrease [ATP]c. Moreover, ΔΨm was significantly reduced by oligomycin, indicating that mitochondria acted as consumers rather than producers of ATP in embryonic neurons. In sharp contrast, in postnatal neurons pyruvate added during glucose deprivation significantly increased [ATP]c (by 54 ± 8%), whereas oligomycin induced a sharp decline in [ATP]c and increased ΔΨm. These signs of oxidative phosphorylation were observed in all tested P1-P2 neurons. Measurement of ΔΨm with the potential-sensitive probe JC-1 revealed that neuronal mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly reduced in embryonic cultures compared to the postnatal ones, possibly due to increased proton permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane. We conclude that, in embryonic, but not postnatal neuronal cultures, ATP synthesis is predominantly glycolytic and the oxidative phosphorylation-mediated synthesis of ATP by mitochondrial F1Fo-ATPase is insignificant. © 2013 Surin, Khiroug, Gorbacheva, Khodorov, Pinelis and Khiroug.Peer reviewe

Biological resources of the Fabaceae family in the Cretaceous south of Russia as a source of starting material for drought-resistance selection

The aim of this work is the study of biological resources of the genera Medicago and Trifolium species in Cretaceous South of the Central Russian Upland as the most valuable in genetic and economic term

Chromate membrane generation of volatile organic compounds standard gas mixtures at the ppm level

The regularities of volatile organic compounds standard gas mixtures generation based on the chromate membrane gas extraction of these compounds from the flow of an aqueous solution with a given concentration into the extractant gas stream were considered. It was shown that the chromate membrane gas extraction allowed the generation of water-saturated standard gas mixtures with the predetermined concentrations of volatile organic compounds at the ppm level. The preparation of these gas mixtures is relevant for the analysis's metrological assurance of the moist atmospheric air and exhaled air for the purpose of non-invasive diagnostics. The metrological possibilities of chromate membrane generation of the standard gas mixtures in the mode of complete extraction of the target components from the solution flow into the gas-extractant stream and in the mode of equilibrium saturation of the gas-extractant stream were discussed. The choice of modes depended on the distribution coefficients ( K ) of the target components between the water and gas phases. For the polar compounds with K > 100 (alcohols, ketones) the equilibrium saturation mode was preferable, and for the chlorinated hydrocarbons ( K 100 (спирты, кетоны), предпочтительнее режим равновесного насыщения, а для хлорированных углеводородов (К < 20) - режим полного извлечения. Рассчитанная по процедуре приготовления относительная погрешность для обоих режимов не превышает 7 %. Объем генерируемых стандартных газовых смесей с постоянной концентрацией целевых компонентов для 1 л генерирующего раствора составляет от 10 л до 1000 л в зависимости от коэффициентов распределения этих компонентов. По своим метрологическим характеристикам хроматомембранные ячейки не уступают парофазным источникам газовых смесей, а по сравнению с традиционной непрерывной газовой экстракцией из неподвижных водных растворов её хроматомембранный вариант позволяет в 5-20 раз увеличить объем генерируемой газовой смеси без перезаполнения

Emprego e adaptação de trabalho de graduados da Universidade Russa com deficiência

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of social and labor adaptation and employment of university graduates with disabilities, which is relevant in modern socioeconomic conditions. As a result of the sociological research conducted by the authors, the main difficulties that arise for this category of graduates when searching and choosing a job and further employment have been identified. The analysis allows proposing, as an activation of the implementation of the principles of inclusion, an adaptation of social space for effective socialization of the increasing number of people with disabilities in recent decades and their integration into the big society, introducing promising foreign practices of the so-called supported employment of persons with disabilities.El artículo está dedicado al análisis de la problemática de la adaptación sociolaboral y el empleo de los egresados universitarios con discapacidad, que es relevante en las condiciones socioeconómicas modernas. Como resultado de la investigación sociológica realizada por los autores, se han identificado las principales dificultades que surgen para esta categoría de egresados a la hora de buscar y elegir un trabajo y un empleo posterior. El análisis permite proponer, como activación de la implementación de los principios de inclusión, una adecuación del espacio social para la socialización efectiva del creciente número de personas con discapacidad en las últimas décadas y su integración en la "gran" sociedad, introduciendo prometedoras prácticas extranjeras. del denominado "empleo con apoyo" de las personas con discapacidad.O artigo se dedica à análise da problemática, relevante nas condições socioeconômicas modernas, da adaptação social e laboral e do emprego de graduados universitários com deficiência. Como resultado da investigação sociológica realizada pelos autores, foram identificadas as principais dificuldades que surgem para essa categoria de licenciados na procura e na escolha de um emprego e de continuação do emprego. A análise permite propor, como uma ativação da implementação dos princípios da inclusão, uma adaptação do espaço social para a efetiva socialização do crescente número de pessoas com deficiência nas últimas décadas e sua inserção na grande sociedade, introduzindo práticas estrangeiras promissoras. do chamado emprego apoiado de pessoas com deficiência

Soluble endoglin as a perspective marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a pilot study

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism  (PHPT), one of the most common endocrine pathologies, is associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, in particular, those caused by endothelial dysfunction. Evaluation of endothelial dysfunction in patients with PHPT will predict the development of cardiovascular pathology and determine the optimal tactics for PHPT management.AIM: To evaluate the concentration  of soluble endoglin  and photoplethysmographic parameters as potential markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with PHPT.MATERIALS AND METHODS:  A single-center interventional single-stage study was carried out. 2 groups were formed. The first group included 50 patients with verified PHPT who did not have cardiovascular or other concomitant somatic pathologies in anamnesis. The comparison group included 21 healthy volunteers comparable in sex and age. All participants underwent a biochemical blood test (total calcium, ionized, albumin, lipidogram, urea, uricacid, glucose, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase), parathyroid hormone, 25 (OH) D and endoglin concentrations were evaluated. In addition, echocardiography, ultrasound of the brachiocephalic arteries and arteries of the lower extremities, as well as photoplethysmography were performed.RESULTS: The groups differed in mineral parameters associated with PHPT; no differences were found in parameters of lipid, uric acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Serum levels of endoglin  were lower in PHPT patients (p=0.002). We found a negative correlation between the concentration of albumin-corrected calcium and PTH with endoglin (r1=-0.370, p1=0.003 and r2=-0.475, p2&lt;0.001, respectively) and a positive correlation between the concentration of endoglin  and phosphorus (r=0.363, p=0.003). These associations s were accompanied by changes in photoplethysmographic parameters that indicate an increase in the vascular wall stiffness.CONCLUSION: The serum level of soluble endoglin  is lower in patients with PHPT than in healthy volunteers, negatively correlates with calcium and PTH concentrations and positively with serum phosphorus concentrations. Further studies will make it possible to establish the pathogenetic mechanism of the identified relationships and evaluate the role of endoglin as a potential predictor of cardiovascular pathology in PHPT population

Changes of metabolic parameters in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism of different age groups

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown a high incidence of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). PHPT is usually diagnosed in people of age over 50 years and therefore age-associated changes of metabolism should be excluded. Researching predictors of cardiovascular pathology contributes to choosing optimal approaches to personalized patient management.AIM: To determine the features of metabolic disorders in patients of various age groups with confirmed active stage of PHPT.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center observational retrospective comparative study of patients with active PHPT at the age of 18-49 years (Group 1, n=66) and over 50 years (Group 2, n=290) was carried out. The exclusion criteria for both groups were: persistent PHPT or recurrence after surgical treatment of the disease in history; clinical/genetically confirmed multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome; for Group 1 — pregnancy, lactation. The assessment of laboratory parameters of mineral, carbohydrate, fat and purine metabolism obtained during a hospital examination was carried out, the frequencies of various metabolic disorders were determined and compared between age groups.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels between age groups, however, there were more severe hypercalciuria, a tendency to active bone metabolism and lower vitamin D level in Group 1. Patients of Group 2 had statistically significantly lower glomerular filtration rate and a higher frequency of bone complications. In the same group glycaemia and triglycerides levels were higher (the latter difference has the level of a statistical tendency). These patients also had a higher body mass index and, as a result, a higher incidence of obesity (37% vs 20%, p=0.006) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (12.5% vs 3%, p=0.013). At the same time, patients did not significantly differ in the rates of hypercholesterolemia (62% in Group 1 vs 70% in Group 2, p=0.228), hypertriglyceridemia (27% vs 32%, p=0.433) and hyperuricemia (42% vs 50%, p=0.302), significantly exceeding similar indicators in the general Russian population.CONCLUSION: Carbohydrate disorders are more often observed in patients older than 50 years, providing an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 among patients with PHPT compared with the general population. The high incidence of various types of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in the primary parathyroid pathology has no age specific features. Thereby these disorders are significant risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, even in young people with PHPT