1,994 research outputs found
Immersion Research Education: Students as Catalysts for International Collaboration Research
Background:  This paper describes an international nursing and health research immersion program. Minority students from the USA work with an international faculty mentor in teams conducting collaborative research. The Minority Health International Research Training (MHIRT) program students become catalysts in the conduct of cross-cultural research.
Aim:  To narrow the healthcare gap for disadvantaged families in the USA and partner countries.
Methods:  Faculty from the USA, Germany, Italy, Colombia, England, Austria and Thailand formed an international research and education team to explore and compare family health issues, disparities in chronic illness care, social inequities and healthcare solutions. USA students in the MHIRT program complete two introductory courses followed by a 3-month research practicum in a partner country guided by faculty mentors abroad. The overall program development, student study abroad preparation, research project activities, cultural learning, and student and faculty team outcomes are explored.
Results:  Cross-fertilization of research, cultural awareness and ideas about improving family health occur through education, international exchange and research immersion. Faculty research and international team collaboration provide opportunities for learning about research, health disparities, cultural influences and healthcare systems. The students are catalysts in the research effort, the dissemination of research findings and other educational endeavours. Five steps of the collaborative activities lead to programmatic success.
Conclusions:  MHIRT scholars bring creativity, enthusiasm, and gain a genuine desire to conduct health research about families with chronic illness. Their cultural learning stimulates career plans that include international research and attention to vulnerable populations
The e-Business Readiness Composite Indicator for 2003. A Pilot Study
Abstract not availableJRC.G-Institute for the Protection and the Security of the Citizen (Ispra
Evidence of kaon nuclear and Coulomb potential effects on soft K+ production from nuclei
The ratio of forward K+ production on copper, silver and gold targets to that
on carbon has been measured at proton beam energies between 1.5 and 2.3 GeV as
a function of the kaon momentum p_K using the ANKE spectrometer at
COSY-Juelich. The strong suppression in the ratios observed for p_K<200-250
MeV/c can be ascribed to a combination of Coulomb and nuclear repulsion in the
K+A system. This opens a new way to investigate the interaction of K+-mesons in
the nuclear medium. Our data are consistent with a K+A nuclear potential of
V_K~20 MeV at low kaon momenta and normal nuclear density. Given the
sensitivity of the data to the kaon potential, the current experimental
precision might allow one to determine V_K to better than 3 MeV.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures; changed conten
Phylogeography of Japanese encephalitis virus:genotype is associated with climate
The circulation of vector-borne zoonotic viruses is largely determined by the overlap in the geographical distributions of virus-competent vectors and reservoir hosts. What is less clear are the factors influencing the distribution of virus-specific lineages. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most important etiologic agent of epidemic encephalitis worldwide, and is primarily maintained between vertebrate reservoir hosts (avian and swine) and culicine mosquitoes. There are five genotypes of JEV: GI-V. In recent years, GI has displaced GIII as the dominant JEV genotype and GV has re-emerged after almost 60 years of undetected virus circulation. JEV is found throughout most of Asia, extending from maritime Siberia in the north to Australia in the south, and as far as Pakistan to the west and Saipan to the east. Transmission of JEV in temperate zones is epidemic with the majority of cases occurring in summer months, while transmission in tropical zones is endemic and occurs year-round at lower rates. To test the hypothesis that viruses circulating in these two geographical zones are genetically distinct, we applied Bayesian phylogeographic, categorical data analysis and phylogeny-trait association test techniques to the largest JEV dataset compiled to date, representing the envelope (E) gene of 487 isolates collected from 12 countries over 75 years. We demonstrated that GIII and the recently emerged GI-b are temperate genotypes likely maintained year-round in northern latitudes, while GI-a and GII are tropical genotypes likely maintained primarily through mosquito-avian and mosquito-swine transmission cycles. This study represents a new paradigm directly linking viral molecular evolution and climate
Proposed Search for Mixing in Polarization Phenomena
The and meson mass difference induces the mixing of the
and resonances, the amplitude of which, between the
and thresholds, is large in magnitude, of the order of , and possesses the
phase sharply varying by about 90. We suggest performing the polarized
target experiments on the reaction at high energy in
which the fact of the existence of mixing can be
unambiguously and very easily established through the presence of a strong jump
in the azimuthal asymmetry of the wave production cross section
near the thresholds. The presented estimates of the polarization
effect to be expected in experiment are to a great extent model independent.Comment: RevTeX, 9 pages, 1 figure. A number of typographical and grammatical
errors correcte
Kaon pair production in proton-nucleus collisions at 2.83 GeV kinetic energy
The production of non-phi K+K- pairs by protons of 2.83 GeV kinetic energy on
C, Cu, Ag, and Au targets has been investigated using the COSY-ANKE magnetic
spectrometer. The K- momentum dependence of the differential cross section has
been measured at small angles over the 0.2--0.9 GeV/c range. The comparison of
the data with detailed model calculations indicates an attractive K- -nucleus
potential of about -60 MeV at normal nuclear matter density at a mean momentum
of 0.5 GeV/c. However, this approach has difficulty in reproducing the
smallness of the observed cross sections at low K- momenta.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma
Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in
pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particle-in-cell simulations. The
evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the
Thomas-Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal
self-injection, and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the
injection schemes. In the case of transverse self-injection as found typically
in the bubble regime, the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is
mainly influenced by the wakefield. However, in the case of longitudinal
injection in the quasi-one-dimensional regime (for example, F. Y. Li \emph{et
al}., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 135002 (2013)), the direction of electron spin
oscillates in the laser filed. Since the electrons move around the laser axis,
the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the
wakefield can be ignored. Finally, an ultra-short electron beam with
polarization of can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Probing RS scenarios of flavour at LHC via leptonic channels
We study a purely leptonic signature of the Randall-Sundrum scenario with
Standard Model fields in the bulk at LHC: the contribution from the exchange of
Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations of gauge bosons to the clear Drell-Yan reaction.
We show that this contribution is detectable (even with the low luminosities of
the LHC initial regime) for KK masses around the TeV scale and for sufficiently
large lepton couplings to KK gauge bosons. Such large couplings can be
compatible with ElectroWeak precision data on the Zff coupling in the framework
of the custodial O(3) symmetry recently proposed, for specific configurations
of lepton localizations (along the extra dimension). These configurations can
simultaneously reproduce the correct lepton masses, while generating acceptably
small Flavour Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) effects. This LHC
phenomenological analysis is realistic in the sense that it is based on fermion
localizations which reproduce all the quark/lepton masses plus mixing angles
and respect FCNC constraints in both the hadron and lepton sectors.Comment: 15 pages, 6 Figures, Latex fil
- …