Plan of Alexander, No. 16

Blue print copy of properties of Plan of Alexander (previously Township No. 16). The map includes no scale. Handwritten caption reads: “The black dotted lines were run by B. R. Jones in 1807 & 8. The principal line were then run ten degrees to the left of the cardinal points. At present (1842) the same lines range eight degrees to the left of said points by the magnet. Dennysville, March 15, 1842 (signed) Benj. R. Jones. Copied by R. V. H. Sept. 16, 1843. B.E.G. May 31, 1901. From Gardner Family Papers, 1830-1939. John Gardner (1801-1888), was the principal surveyor in Calais, Maine. His son, Benjamin E. Gardner (1869-1939), a civil engineer and land surveyor took over for his father and worked most frequently with local attorneys doing land title research.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainebicentennial/1031/thumbnail.jp

Editorial in Contention

Contention is everywhere nowadays, permeating the fabric of society and constituting an important element of many different social relationships. It is also a central topic across a wide range of social scientific disciplines. Following the most contentious decade in over a century, scholarship on the topic of “contention” is booming. Nonetheless, we still lack a conceptual approach to “contention” as a general academic term beyond the bounds of the study of “contentious politics.” What is the meaning of contention? Drawing on a decade of editorial and research work on contention, this article surveys the profound breadth and variety of academic research on the topic, ranging from politics, psychology, and sociology to material culture, criminology, and beyond. We outline the common conceptual thread across these various areas, where “contention” generally indicates conflictual collective contests concerning competing claims

The Meaning of Contention

Contention is everywhere nowadays, permeating the fabric of society and constituting an important element of many different social relationships. It is also a central topic across a wide range of social scientific disciplines. Following the most contentious decade in over a century, scholarship on the topic of “contention” is booming. Nonetheless, we still lack a conceptual approach to “contention” as a general academic term beyond the bounds of the study of “contentious politics.” What is the meaning of contention? Drawing on a decade of editorial and research work on contention, this article surveys the profound breadth and variety of academic research on the topic, ranging from politics, psychology, and so- ciology to material culture, criminology, and beyond. We outline the common conceptual thread across these various areas, where “contention” generally indicates conflictual collective contests con- cerning competing claims

A Method for Measuring the Attachment Strength of the Cestode \u3ci\u3eHymenolepis diminuta\u3c/i\u3e to the Rat Intestine

A unique adaptation of many internal parasites of mammals is their ability to stay in the intestine for extended periods of time and resist the normal peristaltic movements and forces that push and expel material. To better understand parasite adhesion behavior and replicate their attachment method in medical devices, an experiment was designed and performed using the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta. The experiment employed a tensile test machine and a digital scale and was designed to calculate the attachment strength of the scolex to the mucosa through the change of the value of the digital scale during the tensile test. The attachment force of H. diminuta is 0.021 ± 0.011 g. This method could be applied in studies of parasite biomechanics and the results may help medical device researchers to better mimic the unique functional morphology of this species of parasite

An Assessment of Regional ICESat-2 Sea-Level Trends

Sea-level rise is an important indicator of ongoing climate change and well observed by satellite altimetry. However, observations from conventional altimetry degrade at the coast where regional sea-level changes can deviate from the open-ocean and impact local communities. With the 2018 launch of the laser altimeter onboard ICESat-2, new high-resolution observations of ice, land, and ocean elevations are available. Here we assess the potential benefits of sea level measured by ICESat-2 by comparing to data from Jason-3 and tide gauges. We find good agreement in the linear rates computed from the independent observations, with an absolute average residual of 3.60 ± 0.03 cm yr−1 between global ICESat-2 and Jason-3 observations at a 1° posting. The recent La Niña is clearly evident in ICESat-2 observations, as well as small-scale features. By demonstrating the quality of the ICESat-2-measured sea level, we provide support for integrating it into the existing suite of sea-level observations

Optimal combinations of imperfect objects

We address the question of how to make best use of imperfect objects, such as defective analog and digital components. We show that perfect, or near-perfect, devices can be constructed by taking combinations of such defects. Any remaining objects can be recycled efficiently. In addition to its practical applications, our `defect combination problem' provides a novel generalization of classical optimization problems.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor change

Physical Activity Levels in Children with Sensory problems: Cross-sectional Analyses from the Millennium Cohort Study

Background: Hearing and vision impairments/problems are associated with increased risk of premature mortality in adulthood. One potential pathway explaining this association is reduced levels of physical activity. Reductions in activity levels due to sensory impairments may commence earlier in life; however, associations between sensory impairments/problems and activity levels in childhood are not well understood. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine associations between hearing and vision problems and objectively measured activity levels in a representative sample of British children. Methods: Data were drawn from sweep 4 of the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study among children aged 7. Child hearing and vision problems were reported by parents in a postal survey. Children were also invited to have their physical activity measured objectively via accelerometry. A total of 6410 children had valid accelerometry data accompanied by complete survey data on the variables of interest. The main outcomes were objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, steps and sedentary time. Adjusted linear regression was used to examine associations between vision and hearing problems and objectively measured activity levels. Results: In this sample of 7-year old children, 16.7% (n = 1068) had a reported vision problem and 11.6% (n = 745) had a hearing problem. Reported vision problems in both eyes, but not one eye, was associated with 2 fewer minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day (B = −2.1 95% Confidence Intervals [CI] −3.9 to −0.4) and almost 200 fewer steps per day (B = −198.4 95% CI, −398.4 to 1.6). Hearing problems were not associated with activity levels in either one or both ears. Conclusion: Children with visual problems affecting both eyes, but not one eye, are likely to have lower levels of physical activity. Strategies to promote physical activity in children with visual problems are warranted

Infrared study of the Southern Galactic star forming region associated with IRAS 14416-5937

Aims: We have carried out an infrared study of the southern Galactic massive star forming region associated with IRAS 14416-5937. Methods: This star forming region has been mapped simultaneously in two far infrared bands at ~ 150 & 210 micron using the TIFR 1-m balloon borne telescope with ~ 1' angular resolution. We have used 2MASS JHK$_s$ as well as Spitzer-GLIMPSE data of this region to study the stellar populations of the embedded young cluster. This region comprises of two sources, designated as A & B and separated by ~ 2 pc. The spectrum of a region located close to the source A obtained using the Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) on-board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), is presented. Emission from warm dust and from Unidentified Infrared Bands (UIBs) is estimated using the mid-infrared data of the MSX survey. Results: The spatial distributions of (1) the temperature of cool dust and (2) optical depth at 200 micron have been obtained taking advantage of the similar beams in both the TIFR bands. A number of atomic fine structure lines have been detected in the ISO-LWS spectrum, which have been used to estimate the electron density and the effective temperature of the ionising radiation in this region. From the near and mid infrared images, we identify a dust lane due north-west of source A. The dust lane is populated by Class I type sources. Class II type sources are found further along the dust lane as well as below it. Self consistent radiative transfer models of the two sources (A and B) are in good agreement with the observed spectral energy distributions. Conclusions: The spatial distribution of young stellar objects in and around the dust lane suggests that active star formation is taking place along the dust lane and is possibly triggered by the expanding HII regions of A and B.Comment: Accepted by the Astronomy and Astrophysics (21 pages, 7 tables and 13 figures

Acceptability of a theory-based sedentary behaviour reduction intervention for older adults ('On Your Feet to Earn Your Seat')

Background: Adults aged 60 years and over spend most time sedentary and are the least physically active of all age groups. This early-phase study explored acceptability of a theory-based intervention to reduce sitting time and increase activity in older adults, as part of the intervention development process. Methods: An 8-week uncontrolled trial was run among two independent samples of UK adults aged 60–75 years. Sample 1, recruited from sheltered housing on the assumption that they were sedentary and insufficiently active, participated between December 2013 and March 2014. Sample 2, recruited through community and faith centres and a newsletter, on the basis of self-reported inactivity (<150 weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity) and sedentary behaviour (≥6 h mean daily sitting), participated between March and August 2014. Participants received a booklet offering 16 tips for displacing sitting with light-intensity activity and forming activity habits, and self-monitoring ‘tick-sheets’. At baseline, 4-week, and 8-week follow-ups, quantitative measures were taken of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and habit. At 8 weeks, tick-sheets were collected and a semi-structured interview conducted. Acceptability was assessed for each sample separately, through attrition and adherence to tips, ANOVAs for behaviour and habit changes, and, for both samples combined, thematic analysis of interviews. Results: In Sample 1, 12 of 16 intervention recipients completed the study (25 % attrition), mean adherence was 40 % (per-tip range: 15–61 %), and there were no clear patterns of changes in sedentary or physical activity behaviour or habit. In Sample 2, 23 of 27 intervention recipients completed (15 % attrition), and mean adherence was 58 % (per-tip range: 39–82 %). Sample 2 decreased mean sitting time and sitting habit, and increased walking, moderate activity, and activity habit. Qualitative data indicated that both samples viewed the intervention positively, found the tips easy to follow, and reported health and wellbeing gains. Conclusions: Low attrition, moderate adherence, and favourability in both samples, and positive changes in Sample 2, indicate the intervention was acceptable. Higher attrition, lower adherence, and no apparent behavioural impact among Sample 1 could perhaps be attributable to seasonal influences. The intervention has been refined to address emergent acceptability problems. An exploratory controlled trial is underway

Sub-wavelength coherent imaging of periodic samples using a 13.5 nm tabletop high harmonic light source

Coherent diffractive imaging is unique as the only route for achieving diffraction-limited spatial resolution in the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray regions, limited only by the wavelength of the light. Recently, advances in coherent short wavelength light sources, coupled with progress in algorithm development, have significantly enhanced the power of x-ray imaging. However, to date, high-fidelity diffraction imaging of periodic objects has been a challenge because the scattered light is concentrated in isolated peaks. Here, we use tabletop 13.5nm high harmonic beams to make two significant advances. First we demonstrate high-quality imaging of an extended, nearly-periodic sample for the first time. Second, we achieve sub-wavelength spatial resolution (12.6nm) imaging at short wavelengths, also for the first time. The key to both advances is a novel technique called modulus enforced probe, which enables robust, quantitative, reconstructions of periodic objects. This work is important for imaging next generation nano-engineered devices.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure