The effect of placental location on placental weight and infant birth weight of pregnant mothers: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction The placenta is considered to be the most vital organ of the infant. The intrauterine fetal growth and development indicates a harmony between the fetus, placenta, and mother. Studies show that placenta has different effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of placenta location on placental weight (PW) and infant birth weight (IBW) in pregnant mothers. Material and Methods This descriptive study was performed on 370 pregnant mothers and their newborns referring to Amir-al- Momenin Hospital in Zabol, south of Iran from October to March 2018. The data collection tool included a researcher-made checklist consisting of two parts: maternal demographic information and infant information. The placenta location was determined by ultrasound and recorded by a radiologist and the Apgar’s score was measured by an obstetrician in the delivery room. The collected data were then analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests. Results The mean± SD of maternal age, maternal BMI, Apgar score, and IBW was 30.39±5.44. 25.24 ± 4.54, 9.65 ± 0.65, 3244.61 ± 204.116 gr, and 548.83± 104.65 gr, re- spectively. Most of the infants were male (50.3%). The placenta was mainly located in the fundal portion of the womb (44.9%). Results showed no significant relation- ship between the placental location and IBW (p = 0.555). However, the results showed a significant relationship between the placental location and PW (p = 0.028). Conclusion Since the results of this study indicate the relationship be- tween placental location and PW and infants' gender, spe- cialists are recommended to consider placental location as a factor affecting PW

Emerging Nano-Theranostic Strategies against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a review

As a major global cause of liver damage, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with excessive hepatocellular accumulation of lipids in the liver, elevated levels of hepatic enzymes,and the fibrotic evidence. The primary therapies for NAFLD are changing lifestyle or managing comorbid-associated diseases. Lately, nanotechnology has revolutionized the art of nanostructure synthesis for disease imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. Loading drugs into nanocarriers hasbeen established as a promising strategy to extend their circulating time, particularly in treating NAFLD. In addition, considering a master modulator of adipogenesis and lysosomal biogenesis and function, designing novel nanostructures for biomedical applications requires using biodegradable materials. Various nanostructures, including inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), organic-based NPs, metallic nanocarriers, biodegradable polymeric nanocarriers, polymer-hybrid nanocarriers, and lipid-based nanocarriers have been designed for NAFLD treatment, which significantly affected serum glucose/lipid levels and liver function indices. NPs modified with polymers, bimetallic NPs, and superparamagnetic NPs have been used to design sensitive nanosensors to measure NAFLD-related biomarkers. However, certain limitations are associated with their use as diagnostic agents. The purpose of this review article is to shed light on the recent advancements in the field of nanomedicine for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this progressive liver disease

Examining high-risk behaviors and behavioral disorders in adolescents with addicted and non-addicted fathers in public school of Zabol in the academic year 2016-2017

Adolescence is considered an important period for the prevalence of risky behaviors due to adolescents’ self-centeredness and wrong understanding of their own behaviors. This period is followed by widespread physical, psychological, and social changes. The present study aims to examine high-risk behaviors and behavioral disorders in adolescents with addicted and non-addicted fathers at public school of Zabol in the academic year 2016-2017. The present study is a descriptive research that falls within the category of scientific comparative research. Iranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale, Rutter Behavioral Disorder Questionnaire, and a demographic questionnaire were used for data collection purposes. The statistical data were analyzed using SPSS Version18. A total of 310 students were placed in two 155-participant groups, namely the case and control groups. The mean value of participants’ age equaled 15.48 years. The highest and lowest rates of risky behaviors pertained to smoking and sexual relations. The results of independent t-test indicated no significant difference between the two groups in terms of drug abuse, violence, and risky driving (P<0.005). The findings of this study suggest the need for the development of prevention programs and treatment interventions in children with addicted fathers. Hence, it is suggested that prevention programs be developed and implemented in order to prevent the incidence of behavioral disorders and high-risk behaviors. © 2017, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved

The effect of Cobb angle correction on spinal length gain in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

The relationship between curve correction and spinal length gain in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was examined. A total of 102 patients who underwent posterior spinal correction and fusion alone or in combination with anterior spinal correction and fusion (ASF) were studied. The Cobb angle correction, increase in the main thoracic length, T1-L5 spinal length gain, and T1-L5 spinal length gain/Cobb angle correction were reported. The length gain/Cobb angle correction value was not significantly associated with sex, fusion approach, and the number of fused levels. Surgical T1-L5 spinal length gain (mm) equaled (70.20)-(3.51)�(degrees of Cobb angle correction)+(0.08)�(degrees of Cobb angle correction) 2. © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved

Investigation effect of nanoparticle mean diameter on mixed convection Al2O3-water nanofluid flow in an annulus by two phase mixture model

10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2013.08.017International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer4925-35IHMT