Nature of chemistry in the national frame curricula for upper secondary education in Finland, Norway and Sweden

The aim of this study was to discover how current chemistry syllabi in the frame curricula for up- per secondary education in three Nordic countries (Finland, Norway, and Sweden) take into account topics related to the nature of chemistry. By qualitative content analysis, the statements related to the nature of chemistry were divided into categories. Conclusions and implications for improving the frame curricula under study were made by comparing results with research into the nature of science. Chemistry syllabi from the Nordic frame curricula analyzed take into account the aims related to the nature of chemistry in a very similar manner. The ideas that should be made more explicit in all of the analyzed curricula are: i) the limits of the chemical models and theories, ii) the relationship between chemistry and other natural sciences, iii) the importance of creativity in chemical research, iv) the concepts of evidence in science texts, v) the social nature of chemical research, and vi) chemistry as a technological practice.Peer reviewe

A comprehensive study of the vibrationally resolved S 2p −1 Auger electron spectrum of carbonyl sulfide

High-resolution normal Auger-electron spectra of carbonyl sulfide subsequent to S 2p −1 photoionization at photonenergies of 200, 220, and 240 eV are reported along with corresponding photoelectron spectra. In addition, theoretical results are presented that take the core-hole orientation of the various spin-orbit-split and molecular-field-split S 2p −1 states into account. Auger transitions to eight metastable dicationic final states are observed and assigned on the basis of the theoretical results. From Franck- Condon analysis, assuming Morse potentials along the normal coordinates for seven of the observed quasi-stable dicationic final states, information on the potential-energysurfaces is derived and compared with theoretical results from the literature

Auger transition from orbitally degenerate systems: Effects of screening and multielectron excitations

We calculate Auger spectra given by the two-hole Green's function from orbitally degenerate Hubbard-like models as a function of correlation strength and band filling. The resulting spectra are qualitatively different from those obtained from fully-filled singly degenerate models due to the presence of screening dynamics and multielectron excitations. Application to a real system shows remarkable agreement with experimental results leading to reinterpretation of spectral features.Comment: To appear in Phy. Rev. Let