Conocimientos y prácticas sobre sífilis materna y congénita en adolescentes embarazadas en un Hospital General de Paraguay: estudio cualitativo

Introduction: Syphilis in pregnant women continues to be a major public health problem throughout the world, and in Paraguay, it is no exception. Congenital syphilis can cause abortions, fetal and neonatal deaths, low birth weight, prematurity, and other congenital anomalies; general knowledge of the population of childbearing age is essential. Objective: To analyze the knowledge and practices about maternal syphilis and congenital syphilis in pregnant adolescents in a General Hospital in Paraguay. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study was carried out. A simple interview was used to collect data, which was recorded with prior authorization from the participant. The conclusion and recommendation will be delivered to the institution and to the pregnant adolescents. Results: Ten adolescents participated, mostly 19 years of age, five know that syphilis is transmitted through sexual relations, however, they do not know how congenital syphilis is transmitted. Five of the adolescent’s mention having started sexual relations at the age of 16. Two adolescents at 15 years old, two at 14 years old and one at 17 years old, nine of the pregnant adolescent’s mention attending their prenatal check-ups periodically. Two have not yet been tested for VDRL. Discussion: It is concluded in terms of knowledge that only five out of ten adolescents know about syphilis; however, they do not know about congenital syphilis. Regarding preventive practices, 10 attend their prenatal check-ups periodically.Introducción: La sífilis en embarazadas, sigue siendo un gran problema de salud pública en todo el mundo, y en Paraguay, no es la excepción. La sífilis congénita puede provocar abortos, muertes fetales y neonatales, peso bajo al nacer, prematuridad y otras anomalías congénitas, el conocimiento general de la población en edad fértil es fundamental. Objetivo: Analizar los conocimientos y prácticas sobre sífilis materna y sífilis congénita en adolescentes embarazadas en un Hospital General de Paraguay. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico descriptivo. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la entrevista, simple que fue grabada con previa autorización del participante, la conclusión y recomendación serán entregados a la institución y a las adolescentes embarazadas. Resultados: Participaron diez adolescentes, en su mayoría de 19 años de edad, cinco conocen que la sífilis se transmite a través de las relaciones sexuales, sin embargo, desconocen acerca de cómo se transmite la sífilis congénita. Cinco de las adolescentes menciona haber iniciado las relaciones sexuales a los 16 años. Dos adolescentes a los 15 años, dos a los 14 años y una a los 17 años, nueve de las adolescentes embarazadas mencionan acudir a sus controles prenatales de forma periódica. Dos aún no se han realizado el test de VDRL. Discusión: Se concluye en cuanto al conocimiento, que solo cinco de diez adolescentes conocen acerca de la sífilis, sin embargo, no conocen sobre la sífilis congénita. En cuanto a las prácticas preventivas, 10 acuden de forma periódica a sus controles prenatales.

Obtención de sistemas fotoactivos tio2 / nylon soportados por métodos físicos inmersión – difusión

Sistemas fotoactivos TiO2/Nylon fueron obtenidos empleando dos métodos físicos de inmersión – difusión y utilizando tiempos de inmersión de 11 y 24 horas. Se usaron telas de nylon 100% con diferentes pretratamientos para estudiar su efecto en las características morfológicas y estructurales del recubrimiento obtenido. Los sistemas producidos fueron caracterizados por inspección visual, SEM, análisis químico EDS y FTIR-ATR. Los resultados indican que todas las muestras presentan TiO2 soportado, no obstante las características del recubrimiento varían según el método y el tiempo empleado, encontrándose que el recubrimiento obtenido por sol-gel a 11 horas presenta las mejores propiedades

Mineralogical attenuation processes associated with the evolution of acid mine drainage in sulfide-rich mine wastes

The geochemical evolution of acid mine drainage results in secondary minerals that play a key role in the environmental behavior of the mine wastes. The present work is focused on these newly formed minerals at the Penedono waste dump, characterized by fine-grained tails with pyrite and arsenopyrite. Mineralogical study led to an inventory of secondary phases, comprising soluble sulfates, scorodite, and oxyhydroxysulfates. In addition, there is amorphous Fe, As rich-nanoprecipitates. Jarosite and scorodite are abundant minerals, acting as cement for encrusting tails in Fe and As-rich hardpans. These hard structures are relatively insoluble, retaining toxic elements, thereby contributing to natural attenuation of mining contamination associated with the sulphide wastes.European Union through the European Regional Development Fund, based on COMPETE 2020 - project ICT (UID/GEO/04683/2013) with reference POCI-01-0145- FEDER-007690 and project Nano-MINENV number 02925

Association of 5-HT1A Receptors with Affective Disorders

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is synthesized in both the brain and peripheral system, which exert their actions at a wide family of receptors classified as 5-HT1 to 5-HT7. Pharmacological, behavioral, and clinical studies involve particularly to the 5-HT1A receptors (5-HT1A-R) - auto-receptors (presynaptic) and heteroreceptors (postsynaptic) - in the control of motivated behavior, and consequently in the physiopathology of affective disorders and in the action mechanism of antidepressant drugs. In this way, some research support that 5-HT1A-R participates in the delayed effect of different types of antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and tricyclic drugs, principally. The therapeutic effect of serotonergic drugs as the SSRIs, starting with the binding to auto-receptors, which produces increases of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft as consequence of blockade of serotonin reuptake. While these molecular events occur initially, in the long-term are produced plastic changes at neuronal level, as well as down-regulation of the 5-HT1A-R, which is associated with the therapeutic effects of antidepressant drugs. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze and discuss the current information about of 5-HT1A-R-mediated signaling cascades, the intracellular signaling of 5-HT1A-R, in addition to their expression and pharmacology that are important to treatment of affective disorders symptoms

Invariance of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Construct Across Clinical Populations and Sociodemographic Variables

Recent research has shown that cultural, linguistic, and sociodemographic peculiarities influence the measurement of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI). Assessing trait EI in different populations fosters cross-cultural research and expands the construct's nomological network. In mental health, the trait EI of clinical populations has been scarcely researched. Accordingly, the present study examined the relationship between trait EI and key sociodemographic variables on Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue-SF) datasets with mental healthcare patients from three different Spanish-speaking countries. Collectively, these datasets comprised 528 participants, 23% from Chile (120), 28% from Peru (150), and 49% from Spain (258). The sociodemographic variables we used for trait EI comparisons were gender, age, educational level, civil status, and occupational status. Analyses involved Multigroup Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling (to test measurement invariance) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Our results revealed significant between-country differences in trait EI across the studied sociodemographic variables and interactions between these variables. Measurement invariance across the datasets was attained up to the scalar level regarding gender and education (i.e., strong invariance), although analyses on age, civil status, and occupation displayed non-invariance. The resultant psychometric evidence supports the suitability of the TEIQue-SF for the accurate cross-cultural assessment of trait EI in mental health settings. It also highlights the importance of incorporating trait EI into extant psychotherapeutic frameworks to enhance non-pharmacological treatment efficacy

Propuesta de mejora en los procesos de reclutamiento, selección y contratación de personal para el año 2024 en la empresa instituto movilidad de Pereira

El proyecto expone un innovador modelo de reclutamiento y selección de personal basado en el talento humano, diseñado para abarcar los distintos niveles del Instituto de Movilidad de Pereira. Esta estrategia de gestión del talento ha implicado el desarrollo de diversas técnicas administrativas, fundamentales para alcanzar los objetivos organizativos. Se destaca la implementación de un enfoque por competencias en las diferentes etapas del reclutamiento, crucial para el éxito del instituto. La integración de nuevos colaboradores se alinea con el crecimiento institucional y se orienta hacia las competencias demandadas en el actual mercado laboral. Este enfoque estratégico asegura que el capital humano esté preparado para enfrentar desafíos y capitalizar oportunidades empresariales. Dada la naturaleza dinámica de los sectores de movilidad, las instituciones deben destacarse en flexibilidad y altos estándares. En este contexto, el papel del recurso humano cobra relevancia al contribuir significativamente al valor agregado de la institución. Este modelo se integra de manera coherente en los planes estratégicos institucionales, mejorando y motivando las técnicas de reclutamiento y selección de personal.This project shows us the recruitment and selection model of personnel through human talent for the different levels of the Pereira mobility institute. This model of human talent management has required the development of different techniques in administration as they are effective strategies to achieve the objectives set by the organization, which constitutes the different stages of recruitment based on the selection by competencies of the different hierarchical levels. being of great importance for the Pereira mobility institute. The incorporation of new personnel will be aligned with institutional development and oriented to the skills demanded by the current market. This strategic approach will ensure that the organization's human resources are trained to meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities presented by the business environment. The different sectors in mobility issues require institutions to respond with flexibility and high standards by developing the importance of man contributing to the institution by adding value in the context. This model has been expanding at the institutional level by being coherent in its plans strategic, by improving and motivating personnel recruitment and selection techniques

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and vitamin D receptor variants in melanoma patients from the Mediterranean area of Barcelona

BACKGROUND: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (Vitamin D) insufficiency and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on its receptor, Vitamin D receptor (VDR), have been reported to be involved in melanoma susceptibility in populations mostly from northern countries. OBJECTIVE: To investigate 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and VDR SNPs in melanoma patients from sunny area of Barcelona, two studies were carried out. The first study evaluated the levels of Vitamin D at time of melanoma diagnosis and the second one analyzed the association between VDR genetic variants and risk of having a high nevus number, the strongest phenotypic risk factor for melanoma. METHODS: The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in 81 melanoma patients at diagnosis were measured. In a second group of melanoma patients, including 150 with low and 113 with high nevus number, 11 VDR SNPs were analyzed for their association with nevus number. RESULTS: In the first study, 68% of patients had insufficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (<25 ng/ml). Autumn-winter months and fair phototype were associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 insufficiency; after multivariate analysis, season of sampling remained the only independent predictor of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. In the second study, VDR variant rs2189480 (P = 0.006) was associated with risk of high nevus number whereas rs2239179 (P = 0.044) and rs7975128 (P = 0.0005) were protective against high nevus number. After Bonferroni adjustment only rs7975128 remained significant. In stratified analysis, SNP rs7975128 was found protective against multiple melanomas (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: This study showed that even in Barcelona, a sunny Mediterranean area, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were sub-optimal in the majority of melanoma patients at diagnosis. The involvement of VDR in nevi and, in turn, in melanoma susceptibility has also been suggested. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings

Validation of the International Myeloma Working Group standard response criteria in the PETHEMA/GEM2012MENOS65 study: are these times of change?

Induction and consolidation based on proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and corticoids integrated with high-dose therapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), are showing complete response (CR) rates >50% in multiple myeloma (MM).1-3 The addition of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies may increase these unprecedented CR rates.4-6 When more than half of transplant-eligible patients with MM achieve CR with frontline therapy, it is reasonable to ask, what other tests are clinically relevant after negative immunofixation. The achievement of deep responses with modern therapy led the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) to propose new guidelines that included definitions of negative minimal residual disease (MRD) for standard response criteria.7 Indeed, recent studies have reported nearly 50% MRD− rates,5,8,9 and, more importantly, the prognostic value of MRD criteria was validated in clinical trials8,10-12 and routine practice...

Mass spectrometry vs immunofixation for treatment monitoring in multiple myeloma

Monitoring of the monoclonal protein (M-protein) by electrophoresis and/or immunofixation (IFE) has long been used to assess treatment response in multiple myeloma (MM). However, with the use of highly effective therapies, the M-protein becomes frequently undetectable, and more sensitive methods had to be explored. We applied IFE and mass spectrometry (EXENT&FLC-MS) in serum samples from newly diagnosed MM patients enrolled in the PETHEMA/GEM2012MENOS65 obtained at baseline (n = 223), and after induction (n = 183), autologous stem cell transplantation (n = 173), and consolidation (n = 173). At baseline, the isotypes identified with both methods fully matched in 82.1% of samples; in the rest but 2 cases, EXENT&FLC-MS provided additional information to IFE with regards to the M-protein(s). Overall, the results of EXENT&FLC-MS and IFE were concordant in >80% of cases, being most discordances due to EXENT&FLC-MS+ but IFE− cases. After consolidation, IFE was not able to discriminate 2 cohorts with different median progression-free survival (PFS), but EXENT&FLC-MS did so; furthermore, among IFE− patients, EXENT&FLC-MS identified 2 groups with significantly different median PFS (P = .0008). In conclusion, compared with IFE, EXENT&FLC-MS is more sensitive to detect the M-protein of patients with MM, both at baseline and during treatment, and provides a more accurate prediction of patients’ outcome. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01916252.This study was supported by grants from the Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red–Area de Oncología–del Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBERONC, CB16/12/00369, CB16/12/00400, CB16/12/00233, and CB16/12/00284, Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Subdireccion General de Investigaci on Sanitaria FIS no. PI15/ 01956, PI15/02049, PI15/02062, PI18/01709, PI18/01673, and PI19/01451, the Cancer Research UK, FCAECC, and AIRC under the Accelerator Award Program (EDITOR).Peer reviewe