Vallalar's Ethical Principles for Social Renaissance

Even if they are capable of doing all things by infinite divine power, the attainment of perfection by living beings is designed to be self-contained, to lose itself, to hate itself, and to desire that every living being desires to receive its own ascents. There are moral scriptures to give us a shoulder in that endeavour. Thus, there is a lot of evidence that Vallalar has explained clearly in the six Thirumarais of Thiruvarutpa the ethical ideas of Vallalar, which indicates that it is very good to have a renaissance in the society if morality is followed in the way of life of the individual. Such ethical principles can be seen in detail in the article

Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Tomato: An Economic Analysis

The adoption of IPM technology in tomato using African marigold as a trap crop, root dipping of seedlings in Imidacloprid, soil application of neem/pongamia cake, spraying of botanicals like pongamia soap and biopesticide like Ha NPV has been found effective in both insect as well as disease management. The IPM technology has been found economically viable as the yield on IPM farms has been found higher by about 46 per cent, cost of cultivation has been less by about 21 per cent and the net returns have been higher by 119 per cent. The technology can be considered environment-friendly as it uses more of eco-friendly inputs and less of chemicals. The constraints like non-availability of botanicals and bio-pesticides should be addressed on priority basis to make the technology sustainable and more popular.Agricultural and Food Policy,

Keamanan Energi dan Hubungan Kerja Sama Cina-Jepang

This article explores the Chinese and Japanese energy relationship by describing changes in the Chinese energy situation as a starting point. The article breaks down that the strength of the Chinese domestic energy since the 1970s and the decade of the 1980s make the country's independent in energy and become the largest oil exporter country, especially to the energy poor neighbor, Japan. However, entering the decade of the 1990s or the end of the post-Cold War era, the situation changed drastically when China faces the energy crisis. The change status bring a wide range of implications for Japan and influence the bilateral energy relations of the two countries, which tend to be ambivalent or ambiguous, between energy cooperation and the potential of conflict. As main purpose of this paper is to identify which energy issues are a direct influence on the behavior of the interaction between China and Japan and as knowledge contribution in understanding the issues of energy itself and the Sino-Japanese relations as a whole. The main assumption of this article is that the energy security factor is a very important issue and significant in shaping the nature and pattern of Sino-Japanese relations, because it raises consideration of national interests and national security of both countries, particularly in the present and the future

Weakly generalized connectedness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to introduce weakly generalized connected spaces in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces and study some of their properties. We also investigate their characterizations and basic properties. 201

Brugada-type Electrocardiographic Pattern Induced by Electrocution

Heart is one of the most frequently affected organs in electrocution. Electrical injury can cause life-threatening cardiac complications such as asystole, ventricular fibrillation, and myocardial rupture. In this case report, we describe a 22-yr-old male patient who sustained electric burn injury and presented with electrocardiogram showing transient Brugada type pattern

Prevalence of STD in HIV positive patients.

Sexually transmitted infections are believed to have existed since ancient times. Their transmission is related to human nature and frailities. They can have serious effects on the body, on the mind and can result in serious reproductive morbidity and mortality. Extensive efforts have been devoted to research and intervention of HIV/AIDS, as compared with very little attention been paid to other STI's STI's acts as cofactors (or) facilitators for HIV transmission, support the argument that research on STD's other than HIV/ AIDS can also contribute to better insight into control of HIV infection. Wasserheit1 has called this relationship "Epidemiological Synergy", a phrase that emphasises STI's enhance HIV-1 tranmission Classical STIs, both ulcerative and non ulcerative could facilitate HIV-1 transmission by increasing either the infectiousness of index case, the succeptibility of the partner (or) both. AIMS : 1. To study the prevalence of various sexually transmitted diseases in HIV patients attending the well health clinic. (WHC) 2. To study the morphological patterns of various sexually transmitted diseases in HIV patients. 3. To analyse the clinical course and recurrences of sexually tranmitted diseases and its impact on the progression of HIV disease. 4. To study the response to treatment of various sexually transmitted diseases in the presence of HIV infection. 5. To study the prevalence of mixed infections in the presence of HIV infection CONCLUSION : The high prevalence of STD's among HIV positive patients suggest that the patients have not altered their sexual behaviour pattern. 95.2% of the patients had acquired their HIV infection through sexual transmission. 70.4% of the patients belong to the sexually active and economically productive age group of 20-40 years. Ninety three cases (37.2%) of ulcerative STD's were recorded in this study. The major etiological factor for the ulcerative STD among HIV positive patients is Herpes progenitalis. It accounts for 59 cases (23.6%) of the total study group. Thirty six cases of syphilis (14.4%) were noted. Ano-genital growths (Wart and Mollusum) accounted for 44 cases (17.6%) of the total study group. Discharging STDs are the major STD's noted in female patients. There were 91 cases (36.4%) either alone (or) mixed, were noted in this study. One thirty six cases (54.4%) had dermatological manifestations among which seborrheic dermatitis is the most common dermatological manifestation, in HIV according to this study. Based on the above prevalence data, ulcerative STDs are common in males while discharging STD's are common in females among HIV positive patients. STD's due to viral etiology accounted for 106 cases, far out numbering the bacterial, fungal and protozoal causes. Thus according to this study viral STDs' are more common in HIV positive patients. Atypical morphological patterns, protracted course, delayed healing time, frequent recurrences after complete treatment were noted in syphilis, herpes progenitalis, chancroid, candidiasis, anogenital warts in this study. But this involved only in a small proportion of cases except in herpes progenitalis in which 23 out of 59 cases showed atypicality. Majority of the patients responded to usual treatment that is given to patient with out HIV infection. There were no complications during treatment. Mixed infections accounted for 57 cases (22.8%) in this study. They are becoming more common in HIV infected patients when compared with the normal population

A Survey on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Using Game Theory in Cognitive Radio Networks

Due to the tremendous increase in wireless data traffic, a usable radio spectrum is quickly being depleted. Current Fixed Spectrum Allocation (FSA) strategy give rise to the problem of spectrum scarcity and underutilization. Cognitive Radio (CR) is proposed as a new wireless paradigm to overcome the spectrum underutilization problem. CR is a promising technology which for future wireless communications. CRs can change its operating parameters intelligently in real time to account for dynamic changes in a wireless environment. CR enables a technique called Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA) where the users are able to access unlicensed bands opportunistically. Since idle spectrum from PU is a valuable commodity, many cognitive users will be competing for it simultaneously. Therefore, there arises competition among the users. Users may be only concerned about maximizing their own benefits by behaving rationally and selfishly. Thus spectrum allocation problem falls under NP-hard complex based on its complexity to solve. Out of several solution approaches, Game theory is found to be an efficient mathematical tool since it deals with solving the conflicts among the users. This survey is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview on dynamic spectrum allocation using game theory

The rotation curves of dwarf galaxies: a problem for Cold Dark Matter?

We address the issue of accuracy in recovering density profiles from observations of rotation curves of galaxies. We ``observe'' and analyze our models in much the same way as observers do the real galaxies. We find that the tilted ring model analysis produces an underestimate of the central rotational velocity. In some cases the galaxy halo density profile seems to have a flat core, while in reality it does not. We identify three effects, which explain the systematic biases: (1) inclination (2), small bulge, and (3) bar. The presence of even a small non-rotating bulge component reduces the rotation velocity. In the case of a disk with a bar, the underestimate of the circular velocity is larger due to a combination of non-circular motions and random velocities. Signatures of bars can be difficult to detect in the surface brightness profiles of the model galaxies. The variation of inclination angle and isophote position angle with radius are more reliable indicators of bar presence than the surface brightness profiles. The systematic biases in the central ~ 1 kpc of galaxies are not large. Each effect separately gives typically a few kms error, but the effects add up. In some cases the error in circular velocity was a factor of two, but typically we get about 20 percent. The result is the false inference that the density profile of the halo flattens in the central parts. Our observations of real galaxies show that for a large fraction of galaxies the velocity of gas rotation (as measured by emission lines) is very close to the rotation of stellar component (as measured by absorption lines). This implies that the systematic effects discussed in this paper are also applicable both for the stars and emission-line gas.Comment: ApJ, in press, 30 pages, Latex, 21 .eps figure