325 research outputs found
Intelligence and video games: beyond “brain-games”
Video games are among the most popular leisure activities in current Western
societies. Psychology research has shown correlations, at the latent level, between
intelligence and video games ranging from 0.60 to 0.93. Here we analyze whether
video games genre can account for this range of correlations by testing one hundred
and thirty-four participants playing ten video games of different genres for iPad® and
WiiU® (Art of Balance®, Blek, Crazy Pool, EDGE®, Hook, Rail Maze, SkyJump,
Space Invaders, Splatoon® and Unpossible) within a controlled playing environment.
Gaming performance was correlated with standard measures of fluid reasoning,
visuospatial ability, and processing speed. Results revealed a correlation value of 0.79
between latent factors representing general intelligence (g) and video games general
performance (gVG). This finding leads to conclude that: (1) performance intelligence
tests and video games is supported by shared cognitive processes and (2) brain-games
are not the only genre able to produce performance measures comparable to
intelligence standardized tests. From a theoretical perspective, the observed result
supports the principle of the indifference of the indicator that has been addressed in
intelligence research across decade
Continuous and semicontinuous reaction systems for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics
An attractive operation strategy for the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics results from dividing the process into three stages with complementary goals: continuous enzyme adsorption at low-solids loading (5% w/w) with recycling of the liquid phase; continuous liquefaction at high-solids content (up to 20% w/w); and, finally, continuous or semicontinuous hydrolysis with supplementation of fresh enzymes. This paper presents a detailed modeling and simulation framework for the aforementioned operation strategies. The limiting micromixing situations of macrofluid and microfluid are used to predict conversions. The adsorption and liquefaction stages are modeled as a continuous stirred tank and a plug flow reactor, respectively. Two alternatives for the third stage are studied: a train of five cascading stirred tanks and a battery of batch reactors in parallel. Simulation results show that glucose concentrations greater than 100 g L-1 could be reached with both of the alternatives for the third stage324805819sem informaçãosem informaçã
MODELAMIENTO Y SIMULACIÓN DE UNA SERIE DE CSTR’S CON ALIMENTACIÓN DISTRIBUIDA PARA LA HIDRÓLISIS ENZIMÁTICA DE BAGAZO DE CAÑA
RESUMEN Son presentadas consideraciones de diseño para la hidrólisis enzimática de bagazo de caña en una serie de reactores continuos de tanque agitado (CSTR’s) con alimentación distribuida de sustrato. Un modelo cinético previamente ajustado y validado es usado junto con los modelos de macrofluido y microfluido para describir el sistema de reacción. La alimentación distribuida de sustrato permite aumentar la concentración de sustrato superando los problemas de viscosidad y mezclado que se presentan en reacciones con concentraciones iniciales de sustrato mayores a 8-10% w/w. En la operación con alimentación distribuida se pueden obtener conversiones similares a las obtenidas en una serie con alimentación en el primer reactor. Palabras claves: Hidrólisis enzimática, macrofluido, microfluido, concentración de sustrato ABSTRACT Design considerations for enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in a series of continuous strirred tank reactors (CSTR’s) with distributed substrate feeding are discussed. A previously fitted and validated kinetic model is used along with the macrofluid and microfluid modeling approaches to describe the reaction system. Substrate distributed feeding allows increasing substrate concentrations overcoming viscosity and mixing limitations common to reactions at initial substrate concentrations higher than 8-10% w/w. The operation with distributed substrate feeding allows to achieve substrate conversions similar to the achieved in a series with feeding in the first reactor. Keywords: Enzymatic hydrolysis, microfluid, microfluid, substrate concentratio
MODELAMIENTO Y SIMULACIÓN DE UNA SERIE DE CSTR’S CON ALIMENTACIÓN DISTRIBUIDA PARA LA HIDRÓLISIS ENZIMÁTICA DE BAGAZO DE CAÑA
RESUMEN Son presentadas consideraciones de diseño para la hidrólisis enzimática de bagazo de caña en una serie de reactores continuos de tanque agitado (CSTR’s) con alimentación distribuida de sustrato. Un modelo cinético previamente ajustado y validado es usado junto con los modelos de macrofluido y microfluido para describir el sistema de reacción. La alimentación distribuida de sustrato permite aumentar la concentración de sustrato superando los problemas de viscosidad y mezclado que se presentan en reacciones con concentraciones iniciales de sustrato mayores a 8-10% w/w. En la operación con alimentación distribuida se pueden obtener conversiones similares a las obtenidas en una serie con alimentación en el primer reactor. Palabras claves: Hidrólisis enzimática, macrofluido, microfluido, concentración de sustrato ABSTRACT Design considerations for enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in a series of continuous strirred tank reactors (CSTR’s) with distributed substrate feeding are discussed. A previously fitted and validated kinetic model is used along with the macrofluid and microfluid modeling approaches to describe the reaction system. Substrate distributed feeding allows increasing substrate concentrations overcoming viscosity and mixing limitations common to reactions at initial substrate concentrations higher than 8-10% w/w. The operation with distributed substrate feeding allows to achieve substrate conversions similar to the achieved in a series with feeding in the first reactor. Keywords: Enzymatic hydrolysis, microfluid, microfluid, substrate concentratio
EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO CORROSIVO DE LOS CRUDOS PESADOS SOBRE EL ACERO 5Cr-1/2Mo UTILIZADO EN LAS UNIDADES DE DESTILACIÓN
RESUMEN Los crudos pesados contienen un alto porcentaje de ácidos orgánicos y azufre, que a altas temperaturas y velocidades de flujo, resultan corrosivos en hornos, torres y líneas de transferencia de unidades de destilación. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto corrosivo de dos crudos pesados con diferente TAN (número de acidez total) sobre el acero inoxidable 5Cr-1Mo, a tres diferentes temperaturas, manteniendo una velocidad de agitación y presión constante. Las pruebas se desarrollaron en un autoclave dinámico adecuado para alta temperatura, utilizando análisis gravimétrico para determinar la velocidad de corrosión. Se evaluó la dependencia de la corrosión con el número de acidez total (TAN) y el contenido de compuestos de sulfuro. Posteriormente, las muestras se caracterizaron por SEM y EDX encontrándose compuestos de sulfuro en la capa formada. Palabras claves: Crudo pesado, efecto corrosivo, TAN (número de acidez total). ABSTRACT The heavy crude oils with high percentage of organic acids and sulfur, which at high temperatures and flow rates, are corrosive in furnaces, towers and lines transfer distillation units. The corrosive effect of two heavy crude oils with different TAN (total acid number) on stainless steel 5Cr-1Mo, at three different temperatures, maintaining a rotating speed and pressure constants was studied. The tests were conducted in a dynamic autoclave suitable for high temperature, by using gravimetric analysis to determine the corrosion rate. The dependence of the corrosion with the total acid number (TAN) and the content of sulfur compounds were evaluated. Subsequently, samples were characterized by SEM and EDX where sulfur compounds were found in the layer formed. Key words: Corrosive effect, heavy crude, TAN (Total Acidity Number)
EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO CORROSIVO DE LOS CRUDOS PESADOS SOBRE EL ACERO 5Cr-1/2Mo UTILIZADO EN LAS UNIDADES DE DESTILACIÓN
RESUMEN Los crudos pesados contienen un alto porcentaje de ácidos orgánicos y azufre, que a altas temperaturas y velocidades de flujo, resultan corrosivos en hornos, torres y líneas de transferencia de unidades de destilación. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto corrosivo de dos crudos pesados con diferente TAN (número de acidez total) sobre el acero inoxidable 5Cr-1Mo, a tres diferentes temperaturas, manteniendo una velocidad de agitación y presión constante. Las pruebas se desarrollaron en un autoclave dinámico adecuado para alta temperatura, utilizando análisis gravimétrico para determinar la velocidad de corrosión. Se evaluó la dependencia de la corrosión con el número de acidez total (TAN) y el contenido de compuestos de sulfuro. Posteriormente, las muestras se caracterizaron por SEM y EDX encontrándose compuestos de sulfuro en la capa formada. Palabras claves: Crudo pesado, efecto corrosivo, TAN (número de acidez total). ABSTRACT The heavy crude oils with high percentage of organic acids and sulfur, which at high temperatures and flow rates, are corrosive in furnaces, towers and lines transfer distillation units. The corrosive effect of two heavy crude oils with different TAN (total acid number) on stainless steel 5Cr-1Mo, at three different temperatures, maintaining a rotating speed and pressure constants was studied. The tests were conducted in a dynamic autoclave suitable for high temperature, by using gravimetric analysis to determine the corrosion rate. The dependence of the corrosion with the total acid number (TAN) and the content of sulfur compounds were evaluated. Subsequently, samples were characterized by SEM and EDX where sulfur compounds were found in the layer formed. Key words: Corrosive effect, heavy crude, TAN (Total Acidity Number)
Primer registro de <i>Aplectana hylambatis</i> (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) para anfibios de la provincia de San Juan
La presente nota representa los primeros registros de parásitos (nematodos) para anfibios de la provincia de San Juan. Además, se discute la variación morfológica de los nematodos encontrados con otras poblaciones de Argentina.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA
Primer registro de <i>Aplectana hylambatis</i> (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) para anfibios de la provincia de San Juan
La presente nota representa los primeros registros de parásitos (nematodos) para anfibios de la provincia de San Juan. Además, se discute la variación morfológica de los nematodos encontrados con otras poblaciones de Argentina.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA
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