Empresas de inserción y empresas sociales en Europa

This article reviews research on Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISE) and social enterprises in Europe and analyses the current situation. WISE present paradigmatic examples of social enterprises within the framework of the emergence of European perspectives on social entrepreneurship and the third sector. The hypothesis in question sees them as organizations whose management covers a variety of objectives, resources and stakeholders. Theoretical debates focus on issues such as their sustainability as hybrid organizations, innovation in governance, and their relationship with share capital. The study of WISE has evolved through the typological analysis of their empirical diversity and through the questioning of their role in labour markets, the status and rights of their beneficiaries, and their relationship with employment policies.Work integration social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, social enterprises, Third Sector.

Participação da criança na mídia : direitos e desrespeitos

Considerando a importância da mídia na socialização da criança e o seu direito de participação na mídia, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a participação de uma criança em um programa de TV. Constatou-se que o recurso principal de entretenimento usado no programa, invocava, de forma aparentemente ingênua, brincadeiras infantis com bonecos de molas ou cordas. Por meio de tais recursos, transformava-se em situação cômica, qualquer situação real ainda que dolorosa e contrária aos direitos da criança, atendendo prioritariamente aos interesses mercantilistas da emissora, medidos pelos índices de audiência. Tais mecanismos dificultavam a percepção das violações dos direitos da criança encobertadas pelo riso. Conclui-se que o respeito ao direito à participação da criança na mídia pressupõe que sejam preservados seus direitos à proteção contra toda forma de exploração. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTGiven the importance of media in the socialization of children and their right to participate in the media, this paper presents a study on the participation of a child in a television program. It was found that the main resource used in the entertainment program, invoked, in a seemingly naive, childish dolls with springs or strings. Through such features, turned into comic situation, any real situation even though painful and contrary to the rights of children, primarily serving the mercantilist interests of the issuer, as measured by ratings. Such mechanisms hindered the realization of child rights violations encobertadas by laughter. We conclude that respect for the right to participation presupposes that it is preserved the rights of child protection

The Mindfulness Meditation Effect on Brain Electrical Activity: Stress Assessment, Concentration State and Quality of Life

Being healthy is much more than not being sick. It is essentially living day-to-day under a physical and mental well-being. In Europe a large part of the population suffers from depression, anxiety or stress. This public health problem needs urgent treatment for which the individual's psychic self-regulation can respond. The proposed alternative for improving quality of life is an approach to Mindfulness meditation. It is hoped that the beneficial effect of this practice in a continuous way, living the present in "mindfulness", contributes to improve the individual mental state releasing from a depressive past effect or from a future wrapped in anxiety. Based on visual stimuli, concentration test and stress-inducing challenges, 30 individuals are evaluated at regular intervals during 8 weeks of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) course. Physiological signals are recorded longitudinally through EEG, ECG and EDA. At the same time, each individual completes three inquiries assessing quality of life (WHOQOL), profile mood state (POMS) and depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS). Applying the neurophysiologic processing and classification data, with synchronous sources isolation, it is intended to verify functional changes that occur in the pre-frontal cortex. This results will inferring that it is possible to change the cerebral electrical activity with the thought. At the same time, it is expected a slowed heart/sweating rate and an increase in the ability to concentrate, as well as a significant improvement in the individual emotional control response. The current PhD study in Biomedical Engineering intends to show that the Mindfulness meditation practice, being "here and now", promotes a healthy mental health, featured by attention self-regulation and the decrease of anxiety, depression or stress. It can be used as a promising treatment for clinical disorders affecting a large part of the population.publishersversionpublishe

Coffea arabica L. nutritional status survey based on dris, in the Upper Paranaíba region - Minas Gerais

Os solos sob vegetação de Cerrado têm a característica marcante da baixa fertilidade natural, como os solos da região do Alto Paranaíba-MG, cuja característica também está associada ao uso de baixas doses de fertilizantes, o que pode acarretar desequilíbrio nutricional das plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estado nutricional da cafeicultura na região do Alto Paranaíba - MG, utilizando o método DRIS (Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação) para interpretação das análises de folhas, aplicação do Potencial de Resposta à Adubação sobre os índices DRIS e análise das correlações e interações entre concentrações dos nutrientes nas folhas e índices DRIS. As amostras foliares foram coletadas na fase fenológica do chumbinho, retirando-se dois pares de folhas de cada planta em 20 plantas ao acaso, em 59 lavouras comerciais na região do Alto Paranaíba - MG. Foram determinados os teores de nutrientes, os quais foram interpretados pelo método DRIS. O DRIS apontou os principais nutrientes limitantes à produtividade na região do Alto Paranaíba - MG: P, Fe, K = Mn e Zn = B. Os nutrientes com maior probabilidade de resposta positiva à adubação em lavouras cafeeiras do Alto Paranaíba foram: P, B, Fe, K e Mn. As correlações positivas entre os índices DRIS foram: N (P, K e S), P (K, Mg e S) e K (Mg e S), e as correlações negativas: N (Ca, B, Fe e Zn), P (Ca, B, Fe, Mn e Zn) e K(Ca, B, Fe, Mn e Zn).A striking characteristic of soils under savanna vegetation is the low natural fertility, as in soils in the Upper Paranaíba region - MG. This characteristic is aggravated by the use of low fertilizer quantities, which may cause nutritional imbalance in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of coffee plants in the Upper Paranaíba region - MG, using the integrated system for diagnose and recommendation (DRIS) to interpret leaf analyses and apply the fertilization response potential to the DRIS index and analyze the correlations and interactions between leaf nutrient concentrations and DRIS index. Coffee leaf samples were collected in the initial fruit growth stage, removing two pairs of leaves from each plant in 20 random plants, in 59 commercial plantations of the region. Nutrient levels were determined and interpreted by the DRIS. DRIS indicated that the yield-limiting nutrients were: P, Fe, K = Mn, and Zn = B. The nutrients to which coffee plants tended to respond positively were: P, B, Fe, K, and Mn. The positives correlations between the DRIS index were: N(P, K and S), P(K, Mg and S) and K(Mg and S), and the negatives correlations: N(Ca, B, Fe, and Zn), P(Ca, B, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and K(Ca, B, Fe, Mn, and Zn)