High-resolution imaging of the Pyrenees and Massif Central from the data of the PYROPE and IBERARRAY portable array deployments

International audienceThe lithospheric structures beneath the Pyrenees, which holds the key to settle long-standing controversies regarding the opening of the Bay of Biscay and the formation of the Pyrenees, are still poorly known. The temporary PYROPE and IBERARRAY experiments have recently filled a strong deficit of seismological stations in this part of western Europe, offering a new and unique opportunity to image crustal and mantle structures with unprecedented resolution. Here we report the results of the first tomographic study of the Pyrenees relying on this rich data set. The important aspects of our tomographic study are the precision of both absolute and relative traveltime measurements obtained by a nonlinear simulated annealing waveform fit and the detailed crustal model that has been constructed to compute accurate crustal corrections. Beneath the Massif Central, the most prominent feature is a widespread slow anomaly that reflects a strong thermal anomaly resulting from the thinning of the lithosphere and upwelling of the asthenosphere. Our tomographic images clearly exclude scenarios involving subduction of oceanic lithosphere beneath the Pyrenees. In contrast, they reveal the segmentation of lithospheric structures, mainly by two major lithospheric faults, the Toulouse fault in the central Pyrenees and the Pamplona fault in the western Pyrenees. These inherited Hercynian faults were reactivated during the Cretaceous rifting of the Aquitaine and Iberian margins and during the Cenozoic Alpine convergence. Therefore, the Pyrenees can be seen as resulting from the tectonic inversion of a segmented continental rift that was buried by subduction beneath the European plate

Station PyROPE et test Résif pour le point théorique Nan5 (Morbihan)

The picture shows the installation of the receptacle housing the seismometer, which is planned to last 3 years. The PyROPE project, which runs from January 2011 to the end of 2013, has made it possible to deploy and maintain 10 seismological stations along the Atlantic seaboard in order to carry out a crustal and mantle tomography of the Pyrenees and the Golfe de Gascogne. Résif has also been a major player thanks to the construction of permanent broadband stations in the far west, the long-term deployment of which is entrusted to Osuna (Observatory of Sciences of the Universe of Nantes), the latter being a partner in the Résif research infrastructure, dedicated to observing and understanding the structure and dynamics of the Earth's interior. Résif is based on high-tech observation networks, composed of seismological, geodetic and gravimetric instruments deployed in a dense manner throughout France. The data collected enable the study of ground deformation, surface and deep structures, local and global seismicity and natural hazards, particularly seismic, on French territory with a high spatio-temporal resolution. Résif is integrated into the European (EPOS - European Plate Observing System) and worldwide systems of instruments used to image the interior of the Earth as a whole and to study numerous natural phenomena.La photo montre l'installation du réceptacle abritant le sismomètre prévu pour une durée de 3 ans. Le projet PyROPE, qui s'étale de janvier 2011 à fin 2013, a permis de déployer et de maintenir 10 stations sismologiques le long de la façade atlantique afin de réaliser une tomographie crustale et mantellique des Pyrénées et du golfe de Gascogne. Résif a aussi été un acteur majeur grâce à la construction de stations large-bande permanentes dans le grand Ouest, dont le déploiement pérenne est confié à l'Osuna (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Nantes), ce dernier étant un partenaire de l'infrastructure de recherche Résif, dédiée à l’observation et la compréhension de la structure et de la dynamique Terre interne. Résif se base sur des réseaux d’observation de haut niveau technologique, composés d’instruments sismologiques, géodésiques et gravimétriques déployés de manière dense sur tout le territoire français. Les données recueillies permettent d’étudier avec une haute résolution spatio-temporelle la déformation du sol, les structures superficielles et profondes, la sismicité à l’échelle locale et globale et les aléas naturels, et plus particulièrement sismiques, sur le territoire français. Résif s’intègre aux dispositifs européens (EPOS - European Plate Observing System) et mondiaux d’instruments permettant d’imager l’intérieur de la Terre dans sa globalité et d’étudier de nombreux phénomènes naturels

Ce fut comme une . . . apparence . . . Essai d'analyse comparative des portraits féminins des Diaboliques de Barbey d'Aurevilly

Soutet-Quillard Josette, Soutet Olivier. Ce fut comme une . . apparence . . Essai d'analyse comparative des portraits féminins des Diaboliques de Barbey d'Aurevilly . In: L'Information Grammaticale, N. 35, 1987. pp. 15-22

Does iron deficiency contribute to fatigue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without anemia?

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Impact of Femoral Ossification on Local and Systemic Cardiovascular Patients' Condition

International audienceBackground: Vascular calcifications are associated with a high cardiovascular morbi-mortality in the coronary territory. In parallel, femoral arteries are more calcified and develop osteoid metaplasia (OM). This study was conducted to assess the predictive value of OM and local inflammation on the occurrence of mid- and long-term adverse cardiovascular events.Method: Between 2008 and 2015, 86 atheromatous samples were harvested during femoral endarterectomy on 81 patients and processed for histomorphological analyses of calcifications and inflammation (monocytes and B cells). Histological findings were compared with the long-term follow-up of patients, including major adverse cardiac event (MACE), major adverse limb event (MALE), and mortality. Frequencies were presented as percentage, and continuous data, as mean and standard deviation. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Median follow-up was 42.4 months (26.9-58.8). Twenty-eight percent of patients underwent a MACE; a MALE occurred in 18 (21%) limbs. Survival rate was 87.2% at 36 months. OM was found in 41 samples (51%), without any significant impact on the occurrence of MACE, MALE, or mortality. Preoperative white blood cell formulae revealed a higher rate of neutrophils associated with MACE (P = 0.04) and MALE (P = 0.0008), correlated with higher B cells counts in plaque samples.Conclusions: OM is part of femoral calcifications in almost 50% of the cases but does not seem to be an independent predictive variable for MACE or MALE. However, a higher rate of B cell infiltration of the plaque and preoperative neutrophil blood count may be predictive of adverse events during follow-up

Exercise-Induced Vasculitis: A Review with Illustrated Cases

International audienceAlthough exercise-induced vasculitis (EIV) is usually misdiagnosed, it is not uncommon. Occurring mostly after prolonged exercise, especially in hot weather, EIV is an isolated cutaneous vasculitis with stereotypical presentation. This article reviews the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of EIV based on the published literature. We report 99 patients who developed EIV after walking, dancing, swimming, or hiking especially during hot weather, including the records of 16 patients with EIV treated at our hospital from 2007 to 2015. Erythematous or purpuric plaques arise on the lower legs, without the involvement of compression socks or stockings. Symptoms include itch, pain, and a burning sensation. EIV is an isolated cutaneous vasculitis. Lesions resolve spontaneously after 10 days. When triggering conditions persist, relapses are frequent (77.5 %). Histopathology demonstrates leukocytoclastic vasculitis in 95 % of cases with C3 or immunoglobulin M deposits in 88 and 46 % of cases, respectively. Blood investigations are negative. EIV appears to be a consequence of venous stasis induced by an acute failure of the muscle pump of the calf and thermoregulation decompensation. Both appear after prolonged and unusual exercise in hot weather. Treatment is not codified; topical corticosteroids may reduce symptoms and wearing light clothes might limit lesion occurrence

Long-term prognosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation versus the typical type: worse or not?

6th Congress of the European-Academy-of-Neurology (EAN), ELECTR NETWORK, MAY 23-26, 2020International audienc

Identification of genomic differences among peripheral arterial beds in atherosclerotic and healthy arteries

Abstract Calcification is independently associated with cardiovascular events and morbidity. The calcification burden in atherosclerotic lesions quantitatively and qualitatively differs between arterial beds. Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) differentially affect plaque development between arterial beds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of CVRF on atherosclerotic plaque calcification and to further study the molecular arterial heterogeneity that could account for these differences. Histological analysis was performed on atherosclerotic plaques from 153 carotid, 97 femoral and 28 infrapopliteal arteries. CVRF showed minor associations with plaque calcification: age and hypertension affected only the overall presence of calcification but not the type of the calcification, which significantly differed between arterial beds. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct gene expression profiles associated with each territory in atherosclerotic and healthy arteries. Canonical pathway analysis showed the preferential involvement of immune system-related processes in both atherosclerotic and healthy carotid arteries. Bone development-related genes were among those mostly enriched in atherosclerotic and healthy femoral arteries, which are more prone to developing endochondral calcification. This study highlights the heterogeneous nature of arteries from different peripheral vascular beds and contributes to a better understanding of atherosclerosis formation and evolution

Long-term prognosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation versus the typical type: worse or not?

6th Congress of the European-Academy-of-Neurology (EAN), ELECTR NETWORK, MAY 23-26, 2020International audienc

Impact of three anti-TNFalpha biologics on existing and emergent autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis and spondylartropathy patients

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