A “INTERLÍNGUA” DE HAROLDO DE CAMPOS

Com base nas discussões propostas por George Steiner em Depois de Babel, procura-se comparar o trabalho teórico do tradutor e poeta brasileiro Haroldo de Campos às traduções dos poetas John Dryden e Friedrich Hölderlin, abordadas por Steiner. Segundo o autor, na procura de uma tradução poética que não perdesse os elementos singulares do original, mas que ao mesmo tempo se integrasse à cultura de chegada, os dois poetas se aproximaram de uma “interlíngua”, que pode ser vista, a partir de comentários de outro teórico da tradução, Friedrich Schleiermacher, como uma postura equilibrada entre a estrangeirização e a domesticação

Campylobacter jejuni, an uncommon cause of splenic abscess diagnosed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

SummarySplenic abscess is a rare disease that primarily occurs in patients with splenic trauma, endocarditis, sickle cell anemia, or other diseases that compromise the immune system. This report describes a culture-negative splenic abscess in an immunocompetent patient caused by Campylobacter jejuni, as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

Impresión aditiva de implantes metálicos: selección y coracterización de material de impresión

Proyecto Integrador (I.Biom.)--FCEFN-UNC, 2018Expone los estudios iniciales necesarios para el desarrollo de un implante metálico mediante un método de manufactura aditiva. El proyecto comprende el desarrollo de un material compatible con una tecnología de impresión 3D y, mediante el tratamiento de la impresión realizada, la obtención de una pieza metálica de magnesio o titani

Couplage des transferts de chaleur par convection, chaleur sensible et latente dans un système solaire intégré

Les besoins en chauffage et climatisation ont été fortement réduits dans les constructions dites passives (label PassivHaus en Allemagne ou Minergie en Suisse). Un des moyens d'améliorer encore les performances énergétiques de l'enveloppe est de développer des enveloppes hybrides, utilisées pour la protection, l'isolation, comme capteur d'énergie, capable de la stocker et de la distribuer tout autour de l'enveloppe. Une cellule test a été construite à l'échelle 1:1 et est présentée ici. Il s'agit d'une enceinte de 40m3 délimitée par une enveloppe entièrement ventilée et intégrant des matériaux à changement de phase (MCP). La comparaison des résultats expérimentaux et numériques obtenus grâce à l'outil de simulation développé dans l'environnement TRNSys montre une bonne concordance du modèle pour des configurations en convection forcée. Des améliorations restent à apporter en convection naturelle ainsi que sur les dynamiques de transition de phase des MCP

Annex 65, Long-Term Performance of Super-Insulating-Materials in Building Components and Systems. Report of Subtask I: State of the Art and Case Studies

The objective of this subtask I is to present the main characteristic of SIM (Super Insulating Materials) compared to traditional materials.Two main SIM are considered:- VIP (Vacuum Insulation Panel)- APM (Advanced Porous Materials).Moreover, the present report provides an up-to-date catalogue of commercially available materials & components with technical description and data of each product and information about the application domains and the implementation rules.An overview on all the application areas such as external & internal wall insulation, roofs, floors, ceilings …are investigated through a few case studies.Finally, preliminary results about Life Cycle Assessment of SIM are presented at the end of the report

Annex 65, Long-Term Performance of Super-Insulating-Materials in Building Components and Systems. Report of Subtask III: Practical Applications – Retrofitting at the Building Scale – Field scale

More than 80% of the energy consumption will be influenced by the existing building stock. Accordingly, building renovation has a high priority in many countries. Furthermore, several studies have shown that the most efficient way to curb the energy consumption in the building sector (new & existing) remain the reduction of the heat loss by improving the insulation of the building envelope (roof, floor, wall & windows). All since the first oil crisis in 1973-1974, the national building regulations require improvement of the thermal performance of the building envelope to significantly reduce the energy use for space heating. Following the regulations, the energy efficiency of new buildings has improved. In Europe, targeting to an average U-value close to 0.2 W/m2\ub7K is optimal. Using traditional insulation materials this means an insulation thickness of about 20 cm. Thus, the thickness of internal and/or external insulation layers becomes a major issue of concern for retrofitting projects and even for new building projects in cities. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the so-called super-insulating materials (SIM). The scope of the present work covers two different types of SIMs:• Advanced Porous Materials (APM), where the gaseous heat transfer is hindered significantly by the fine structure in the sub-micrometre range, and• Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP), where the contribution of gaseous conductivity to the total heat transfer is suppressed by evacuation.For Advanced Porous Materials (APM) one might distinguish between• porous silica e.g. based on fumed silica, and• aerogels.For Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) one might distinguish between:• different core materials: fumed silica, glass fibre, PU, EPS, others;• different envelopes: metalized film, aluminium laminate, stainless steel, glass, or combinations;• with or without a getter and/or a desiccant.The objective of this Annex 65 Subtask 3 report is to define the application areas of SIM and to describe the conditions of the intended use of the products. Indeed, it’s clear that the requested performance of the SIM will strongly depend on the temperature, humidity and load conditions. For building applications, storage, handling and implementation requirements are also described. Common and specific numerical calculations will be performed at the building scale to assess the impact of SIM on the performance of the building envelope.SIM was used in almost all building components with different environmental condition (boundary condition) and in different climate zone. The moisture and temperature conditions in building components can cause moisture/temperature induced stresses and the stresses can cause damage in sensitive super insulation material e.g. VIPs. Thus, to convince the conservative market of construction, it needs, in addition to laboratory measurements, real condition/environmental measurements of commercially realized objects (new buildings as well as refurbishments) under several years of operation.The long-term performance of super insulation materials has to be determined based on case studies in field and laboratory. Full scale experiments provide knowledge of practical and technical difficulties as well as data for service life estimation. For certain conclusions to be drawn from the case studies, monitoring is essential. Unfortunately, monitoring is only performed in few case studies. In this report these experiences are gathered and evaluated from a long-term performance perspective.APMs have been commercially successful in the building industry in niche applications typically with space restrictions since the early 2000s. Therefore, over the last years, a number of state-of-the-art reviews have focused on applications of advanced porous materials, such as aerogels, used as thermal insulation in buildings. VIPs, on the other hand, have also been used in other applications than buildings, such as refrigerators and transport boxes. The different applications areas have been identified by numerous researchers. However, in most studies of VIPs available in the literature, it was only the thermal performance of the assembly that was investigated. However, also the moisture performance is important to consider since changes to existing structures will influence the risk for moisture damages.In the Annex, the gathered case studies cover a wider range of SIM i.e. aerogel blankets, AB, (7 case studies), silica-based boards, SB, (3 case studies) and VIP (22 case studies). The aim was to gather information from projects where SIMs were used in different assemblies. Some of the projects have been monitored, i.e. sensors were installed to monitor the temperature, relative humidity or heat flux through the assemblies, while only three have been followed up, i.e. where a third party have analysed the results of the monitoring. The case studies are presented and specific and general conclusions from each application are made.The case studies showed that aerogel blankets are possible to install in up to five layers (50 mm) without too much difficulty. The evaluations showed that the performance of the aerogel blankets was maintained over the evaluation period. For VIPs, it is difficult to evaluate the performance when installed in the wall. In one of the case studies in the report, the external air space made it impossible to identify the different panels by thermography. Only indirect methods, like evaluation of the measured temperatures in the wall, can be used to follow the long-term performance of the panels. In another case study, hybrid insulated district heating pipes were installed at two locations in a district heating system with temperatures up to 90\ub0C. Measurements during the period 2012 to 2015 showed no sign of deterioration of the VIPs and the temperature profile over the pipes was constant. An existing masonry wall was insulated with VIP-foam sandwich (XPS-VIP-XPS). It showed satisfactory and promising performance for a period of six years (2011-present). The analysis of the data obtained from continuous temperature monitoring across each insulation layer indicated the aging of VIP remains insignificant.In the framework of IEA EBC Annex 65 a common simulation-based procedure was introduced with the scope to identify potential critical hygrothermal working conditions of the SIM, which were identified as main drivers of the ageing effect. The study highlights that some physical phenomena (such as thermal bridging effects, the influence of temperature on the thermal conductivity and the decay of performance over time depending on the severity of the boundaryconditions) should be carefully evaluated during the design phase in order to prevent the mismatch between expected/predicted and the actual thermal performance.As general guidelines to mitigate the severity of the operating conditions of VIP, a list of recommendation are in the following summarised:• For the external wall insulation with VIP in solar exposed fa\ue7ade, the adoption of ventilated air layer could dramatically reduce the severity of the VIP operating conditions. Alternatively, light finishing colour are warmly encouraged to mitigate the surface temperature.• The protection of VIP with thin traditional insulation layer is always encouraged.• The application of VIP behind heater determines high value of surface temperature field which could potentially lead to a fast degradation of the panel. A possible solution to mitigate the severity of the boundary conditions could be the coupling of VIP with a radiant barrier, or the protection of VIP with thin insulation layer when it is possible.• In roof application, light colour (cool roof), performant water proof membrane, ventilated airspace and gravel covering layer (flat roof) represent effective solutions to mitigate the severe exposure.• In presence of wall subjected to high driving rain, it is preferable to adopt ventilated fa\ue7ade working as rain-screen to prevent the water absorption.Furthermore, to provide designers, engineers, contractors and builders with guidelines for the applications of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) and Advanced Porous Materials (APMs) examples are given of methods that may be used to verify the quality and thermal performance of SIMs after installation. A comprehensive account of transport, handling, installation and quality check precures are presented. The main purpose of the descriptions is to promote safe transport, handling and installation. In the case of VIPs the primary issue is that of protecting the panels whereas the main concern for APMs is the safety in handling of the material.During the work of the Annex several questions regarding the long-term performance of SIMs on the building scale have been identified and discussed. Four main challenges were identified:• Knowledge and awareness among designers concerning using SIM• Conservative construction market• Cost versus performance• Long-term performance of SIMsFinally, SIMs for building applications have been developed in the recent decades. Theoretical considerations and first practical tests showed that VIP, especially those with fumed silica core, are expected to fulfil the requirements on durability in building applications for more than 25 years. Both VIPs and APMs have been successfully installed over the past 15 years in buildings. However, real experience from practical applications exceeding 15 years is still lacking, especially when considering third-party monitoring and follow up of demonstrations

Magnetic resonance imaging studies of spontaneous capillary water imbibition in aerated gypsum

International audienceIn this paper we investigate both capillary water imbibition and the sorptivity of aerated gypsum plaster, and how these sorption characteristics are related to the pore structure of the material. These characteristics are examined by monitoring mass change using the conventional gravimetric method and by obtaining water content profiles using nondestructive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques during capillary imbibition of water. Here, three different gypsum samples are investigated: one non-aerated reference gypsum sample and two aerated gypsum samples produced with different volumetric air fractions. The capillary water absorption into the reference sample follows t 1/2 kinetics (Fickian diffusion), where t is the time of ingress. However, in the aerated gypsum samples there are deviations from t 1/2 kinetics. The MRI results show unambiguously that two wetting fronts advance through the aerated structure ; an observation that cannot be made from the gravimetric data alone. The water content profiles of the aerated gypsum samples are therefore analysed by treating them as the sum of two separate absorption processes using Sharp Front (SF) analysis. The capillary water absorption properties of this material are well described as a parallel combination of fast absorption into fine matrix pores and slow absorption into a modified structure of matrix pores inter-connected to air voids introduced into the slurry by aeration. PACS 47.56.+r. flows through porous media PACS 47.55.nb. capillary and thermocapillary flow

Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS). III. Zooming Into the Methanol Peak of the Prestellar Core L1544

Toward the prestellar core L1544, the methanol (CH3OH) emission forms an asymmetric ring around the core center, where CH3OH is mostly in solid form, with a clear peak at 4000 au to the northeast of the dust continuum peak. As part of the NOEMA Large Project SOLIS (Seeds of Life in Space), the CH3OH peak has been spatially resolved to study its kinematics and physical structure and to investigate the cause behind the local enhancement. We find that methanol emission is distributed in a ridge parallel to the main axis of the dense core. The centroid velocity increases by about 0.2 km s−1 and the velocity dispersion increases from subsonic to transonic toward the central zone of the core, where the velocity field also shows complex structure. This could be an indication of gentle accretion of material onto the core or the interaction of two filaments, producing a slow shock. We measure the rotational temperature and show that methanol is in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) only close to the dust peak, where it is significantly depleted. The CH3OH column density, N tot(CH3OH), profile has been derived with non-LTE radiative transfer modeling and compared with chemical models of a static core. The measured N tot(CH3OH) profile is consistent with model predictions, but the total column densities are one order of magnitude lower than those predicted by models, suggesting that the efficiency of reactive desorption or atomic hydrogen tunneling adopted in the model may be overestimated; or that an evolutionary model is needed to better reproduce methanol abundance