Self‐reported drug allergy in a general adult Portuguese population

Clin Exp Allergy. 2004 Oct;34(10):1597-601. Self-reported drug allergy in a general adult Portuguese population. Gomes E, Cardoso MF, Praça F, Gomes L, Mariño E, Demoly P. Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Maria Pia, Porto, Portugal. [email protected] Abstract AIM: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported drug allergy in adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of a general adult population from Porto (all of whom were living with children involved in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood-phase three), during the year 2002, using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported drug allergy was 7.8% (181/2309): 4.5% to penicillins or other beta-lactams, 1.9% to aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 1.5% to other drugs. In the group 'allergic to beta-lactams', the most frequently implicated drug was penicillin G or V (76.2%) followed by the association of amoxicillin and clavulanic acids (14.3%). In the group 'allergic to NSAIDs', acetylsalicylic acid (18.2%) and ibuprofen (18.2%) were the most frequently identified drugs, followed by nimesulide and meloxicam. Identification of the exact name of the involved drug was possible in less than one-third of the patients, more often within the NSAID group (59.5%). Women were significantly more likely to claim a drug allergy than men (10.2% vs. 5.3%). The most common manifestations were cutaneous (63.5%), followed by cardiovascular symptoms (35.9%). Most of the reactions were immediate, occurring on the first day of treatment (78.5%). Only half of the patients were submitted to drug allergy investigations. The majority (86.8%) completely avoided the suspected culprit drug thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that self-reported allergy to drugs is highly prevalent and poorly explored. Women seem to be more susceptible. beta-lactams and NSAIDs are the most frequently concerned drugs. PMID: 15479276 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to cephalosporins: Cross-reactivity and tolerability of alternative cephalosporins

BACKGROUND: Studies regarding the cross-reactivity and tolerability of alternative cephalosporins in large samples of subjects with an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to cephalosporins are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the possibility of using alternative cephalosporins in subjects with cephalosporin allergy who especially require them. METHODS: One hundred two subjects with immediate reactions to cephalosporins and positive skin test results to the responsible drugs underwent serum specific IgE assays with cefaclor and skin tests with different cephalosporins. Subjects were classified in 4 groups: group A, positive responses to 1 or more of ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefodizime, and ceftazidime; group B, positive responses to aminocephalosporins; group C, positive responses to cephalosporins other than those belonging to the aforementioned groups; and group D, positive responses to cephalosporins belonging to 2 different groups. Group A subjects underwent challenges with cefaclor, cefazolin, and ceftibuten; group B participants underwent challenges with cefuroxime axetil, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and ceftibuten; and group C and D subjects underwent challenges with some of the aforementioned cephalosporins selected on the basis of their patterns of positivity. RESULTS: There were 73 subjects in group A, 13 in group B, 7 in group C, and 9 in group D. Challenges with alternative cephalosporins (ceftibuten in 101, cefazolin in 96, cefaclor in 82, and cefuroxime axetil and ceftriaxone in 22 subjects) were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Cephalosporin hypersensitivity does not seem to be a class hypersensitivity. Subjects with cephalosporin allergy who especially require alternative cephalosporins might be treated with compounds that have side-chain determinants different from those of the responsible cephalosporins and have negative pretreatment skin test responses

La gestione delle risorse umane in Italia : bilancio di un decennio

Le ricerche internazionali pi\uf9 recenti sottolineano che, nella gestione delle risorse umane, le imprese si stanno spostando da modelli in cui le persone sono considerate un costo da minimizzare verso modelli caratterizzati da una gestione integrata nel business, all\u2019interno della quale le persone sono ritenute strategiche per il conseguimento di un vantaggio competitivo durevole per l\u2019impresa. Il presente contributo si basa su una survey condotta nel 2009 sulla Direzione delle Risorse Umane di 102 imprese operanti in Italia, utilizzando lo stesso strumento di raccolta dati utilizzato in una survey simile condotta nel 1999. Sulla base dei dati emergenti l\u2019articolo raggiunge due risultati: presenta un\u2019analisi longitudinale sulla gestione delle risorse umane in Italia, confrontando le evidenze del 1999 con quelle del 2009; ed analizza in che misura le politiche di gestione delle risorse umane dichiarate sono coerenti con le pratiche effettivamente implementate, anche qui offendo un raffronto a distanza di dieci anni

Human Resource Management: evoluzione o involuzione?

QUESTO ARTICOLO INDAGA IN CHE MISURA LE DIREZIONI DELLE RISORSE UMANE OPERANTI IN ITALIA ABBIANO FATTO PROPRI, NELLA PROSPETTIVA DELLO HUMAN RESOURCE MAN - AGEMENT, I MODELLI ORIENTATI ALLA VALORIZZAZIONE DELLE RISORSE UMANE O QUELLI CHE ENFATIZZANO LA COERENZA TRA GESTIONE DELLE RISORSE UMANE E STRATEGIE DELL\u2019ORGANIZZAZIONE. NELLA PRIMA SEZIONE SI ESPONGONO I PRESUPPOSTI TEORICI DELLA RICERCA; LA SECONDA SEZIONE PRESENTA GLI OBIETTIVI SPECIFICI DELLA RICERCA E LA METODOLOGIA USATA PER LA RACCOLTA E L\u2019ANALISI DEI DATI; I RISULTATI SONO ILLUSTRATI ALL\u2019INTERNO DELLA TERZA SEZIONE DEL DOCUMENTO. L\u2019ARTICOLO SI CHIUDE CON LA DISCUSSIONE DEI RISULTATI, IN CUI SI EVIDENZIANO ALCUNI ELEMENTI CRITICI CHE IL CONTESTO ITALIANO REGISTRA IN MERITO AL PASSAGGIO A UNA PROSPETTIVA DI HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT