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Ontology of knowledge from the inter dialogic stage between don Simón Rodríguez and José Martí

PublishedThe commemoration of the birth of Simon Rodriguez (October 28) “THE MASTER OF LIFE”, is presented as an ideal situation in which, Simon Rodri-guez and Jose Marti, are invited to talk to the manner of a Platonic dialogue, in a pedagogical humanistic dialogue, under the dynamic view of knowledge with a variety of approaches fleeing strategies and absolute mechanisms that somehow involves our educational present

Mechanical limits of viral capsids

We study the elastic properties and mechanical stability of viral capsids under external force-loading with computer simulations. Our approach allows the implementation of specific geometries corresponding to specific phages such as $\phi$29 and CCMV. We demonstrate how in a combined numerical and experimental approach the elastic parameters can be determined with high precision. The experimentally observed bimodality of elastic spring constants is shown to be of geometrical origin, namely the presence of pentavalent units in the viral shell. A criterion for capsid breakage is defined, which explains well the experimentally observed rupture. From our numerics we find for the dependence of the rupture force on the F\"oppl-von K\'arm\'an (FvK) number a crossover from $\gamma^{2/3}$ to $\gamma^{1/2}$. For filled capsids high internal pressures lead to a stronger destabilization of viruses with a buckled ground state than unbuckled ones. Finally, we show how our numerically calculated energy maps can be used to extract information about the strength of protein-protein interactions from rupture experiments.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figure

The different dimensions of livelihood impacts of Payments for Environmentals Services (PES) schemes: A systematic review

Through a systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature, this paper analyzes evidence of the livelihood impacts of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). Forty-six studies assessed PES livelihood impacts. The assessments presented more positive livelihood impacts than negative ones, focusing on financial benefits. Non-monetary and non-material impacts of PES were largely understudied. Most reviews focused on ES providers, hindering the understanding of broader societal impacts. The review yielded examples where participants lost from their participation or where improvements in one livelihood dimension paralleled deterioration in another. Consequently, we identified key research gaps in: i) understanding the social and cultural impacts of PES, ii) evaluating environmental and economic additionality from improving other ES at the expense of cultural ones, iii) and assessing PES impacts in terms of trade-offs between multiple livelihood dimensions. Moreover, increased knowledge is needed on the impact of PES on changes in household expenditure and choice, and on trade-offs between household income and inequality in ES provider communities. Finally, if PES schemes are implemented to sustainably improve livelihoods, targeting disaggregated populations, understanding equity and social power relations within and between ES providers and users, and better monitoring and evaluation systems that consider locally relevant livelihood dimensions are needed

Changes in food access by mestizo communities associated with deforestation and agrobiodiversity loss in Ucayali, Peruvian Amazon

Few longitudinal studies link agricultural biodiversity, land use and food access in rural landscapes. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that, in a context of economic change, cash crop expansion is associated with deforestation, reduced agrobiodiversity and changes in food access. For this purpose, we analysed data collected from the same 53 upland and floodplain mestizo households in Ucayali, Peru, in 2000 and 2015. We found an emerging transition towards less diversified food access coupled with loss of forest cover and reduced agricultural biodiversity. In 2015, diets appeared to rely on fewer food groups, fewer food items, and on products increasingly purchased in the market compared to 2000. Wild fruits and plants were mentioned, but rarely consumed. Agricultural production systems became more specialised with a shift towards commercial crops. Peak deforestation years in the 15-year period appeared linked with incentives for agricultural expansion. Our results suggest an overall trend from diversified productive and “extractive” systems and more diverse food access, towards specialized productive systems, with less diverse food access and stronger market orientation (both in production and consumption). The assumption in the food and agricultural sciences that increased income and market-orientation is linked to improved food security, is challenged by our integrated analyses of food access, agrobiodiversity, land use and forest cover. Our results highlight the importance of longitudinal, multidimensional, systemic analyses, with major implications for land use, food and health policies. The potential risks of parallel homogenisation of diets and agricultural production systems require interdisciplinary research and policies that promote integrated landscape approaches for sustainable and inclusive food systems

Analisis del comportamiento proxemico interpersonal de los estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Provincial de Aichi

語用論の観点から、外国語としてスペイン語の研究は言語学的内容のみでなく、他の内容も包含しなければならない。本書類は、愛知県立大学学生の個人間の距離に対する行動を分析することで、ノンヴァーバルコミュニケーション研究の中に位置づけられ、教育方法論に応用されることができる。この研究による結果には、四つの目標がある:1)教師と学生の距離設定を、人間としての感じ方に反したものとしないこと。2)外国人の教師として、日本人学生のコミュニケーション行動をより深く研究すること。3)人間のコミュニケーションの複雑であることを考慮したカリキュラムの目的設定をすること。4)国際的に教育方法論として応用されているノンヴァーバルコミュニケーション研究に貢献すること