A new subspecies of Lymanopoda ferruginosa A. Butler, 1868 from northwestern of Argentina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

Se describe e ilustra una nueva subespecie de Lymanopoda ferruginosa del noroeste de Argentina.A new subspecies of Lymanopoda ferruginosa is described and illustrated from northwestern Argentina.Fil: Pyrcz, Tomasz W.. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Núñez Bustos, Ezequiel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentin

The Early Stages of Pedaliodes poesia (Hewitson, 1862) in Eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)

We describe the immature stages Pedaliodes poesia Hewitson, 1862 from northeastern Ecuador. Chusquea scandens (Poaceae, Bambusoidea) is the larval food plant. Eggs are laid singly or in pairs on the bottom side of host plant leaves. The duration of the egg, larval, and pupal stages, combined, is 99–107 days

A new species and eight new subspecies of high elevation Actinote from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Acraeini)

We describe one new species and eight new subspecies of high elevation Actinote Hübner, [1819] (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Acraeini) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Actinote pyrrhosticta Lamas, Willmott & Hall, n. sp., Actinote pyrrhosticta quintecocha Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Actinote pyrrhosticta apurimac Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Actinote pyrrhosticta alfamayo Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Actinote eresia albesia Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Actinote eresia canyaris Pyrcz & Lamas, n. ssp., Actinote hilaris arcoiris Willmott & Hall, n. ssp., Actinote hilaris sourakovi Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., and Actinote trinacria alegria Boyer & Willmott, n. ssp. We treat Actinote binghamae Dyar, 1913 as a new synonym of Actinote eresia eresina (Hoffer, 1874) n. syn., and treat Altinote santamarta Winhard, 2017 as a subspecies, Actinote trinacria santamarta rev. stat. We illustrate adult specimens of all described taxa of A. pyrrhosticta n. sp., A. eresia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) and A. hilaris Jordan, 1910, and representatives of A. trinacria (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862). We also provide illustrations of male and female genitalia for select taxa, distribution maps, and a revised, annotated synonymic list for all four species

The Presence–Absence Situation and Its Impact on the Assemblage Structure and Interspecific Relations of Pronophilina Butterflies in the Venezuelan Andes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Assemblage structure and altitudinal patterns of Pronophilina, a species-rich group of Andean butterflies, are compared in El Baho and Monte Zerpa, two closely situated and ecologically similar Andean localities. Their faunas differ only by the absence of Pedaliodes ornata Grose-Smith in El Baho. There are, however, important structural differences between the two Pronophilina assemblages. Whereas there are five co-dominant species in Monte Zerpa, including P. ornata, Pedaliodes minabilis Pyrcz is the only dominant with more than half of all the individuals in the sample in El Baho. The absence of P. ornata in El Baho is investigated from historical, geographic, and ecological perspectives exploring the factors responsible for its possible extinction including climate change, mass dying out of host plants, and competitive exclusion. Although competitive exclusion between P. ornata and P. minabilis is a plausible mechanism, considered that their ecological niches overlap, which suggests a limiting influence on each other’s populations, the object of competition was not identified, and the reason of the absence of P. ornata in El Baho could not be established. The role of spatial interference related to imperfect sexual behavioral isolation is evaluated in maintaining the parapatric altitudinal distributions of three pairs of phenotypically similar and related species of Pedaliodes, Corades, and Lymanopoda

Faunula dubii Pyrcz, n. sp.

<i>Faunula dubii</i> Pyrcz, n. sp. <p>(figs 1 A–B; 2 A1–A5, 3B1)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> HOLOTYPE (male): Chile, Magallanes, 6 km south of Gallegos Chico (between Retén Teniente Merino and Estancia Lucre), 52o04’71'S’’/ 70o44’49’’W, 184 m, 04.XII.2011, D. Benyamini <i>leg</i>., MZUJ; PARATYPES (3 males and 6 females): 3 males and 1 female: Chile, Magallanes, Gallegos Chico, D. Benyamini <i>leg</i>., 2 DBI, 2 MZUJ; 1 female: Chile, Aysen, Chile Chico, 1000 m, 19.I.1956, G. Kuschel coll., MHNS; 1 female: Chile, no data, MHNS; 2 females: Argentina, Chubut, Andes, Lago Blanco, 1904-26, BMNH; 1 female: Patagonie, Cerro Castillo, 300 m, 02.XII.1991, P. Boyer <i>leg</i>., PBF.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The new species belongs to the genus <i>Faunula</i> as determined by its elongate wings with gently rounded FW apex and distal margins, single FWV subapical ocellus and male genitalia characterized by a short and massive uncus, stout gnathos, and elongate, roughly rectangular valva with a smooth dorsum and rounded distal extremity. It can be recognized from <i>F. leucoglene</i> C. & R. Felder (Fig. 1 F) which has a considerably larger white pupil and no HWV white ocelli. These appear also in <i>Chillanella stelligera</i> (Butler) (fig. 1C) which however has a double FWV subapical ocellus and more acute FW apex. Also all other congeners have some orange or red pattern, on either upper or underside, never apparent in <i>F. dubii</i>. Male genitalia very similar to other congeners, especially to <i>F.</i> <i>patagonica</i> (Mabille) (2E) from which it can be recognized only by the even slender valva.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> MALE (figs 1A, 3B1): Head: Eyes golden-brown, lustrous, naked; antennae to two-thirds the length of costa, slender, entirely covered with sparse white scales, club strongly flattened and spoon-like, composed of 10 segments; palpi short (damaged in all examined specimens). Thorax: dorsally black, ventrally black, tibiae and femora blackish-brown, sparsely covered with scales, tibiae dark brown. Abdomen: dorsally and ventrally blackish-brown. Wings: FW (length: 19, n=3) elongated, apex rounded, outer margin convex. HW elongated,</p> <p> outer margin smoothly rounded. FWD and HWD uniform chestnut brown; some faint shades of rusty red in fresh specimens in distal half; fringes lighter, beige. FWV chestnut brown thinly dusted with black and yellow and milky white scales over most of the wing surface except for basal part of cell Cu1-Cu2 and most of Cu2-1Al, becoming progressively denser towards costa and apex; a black oval subapical ocellus in M1-M2 with white pupil and yellow ring. HWV chestnut heavily overcast with black and brown scales of various shades forming a ripple-like pattern covering the entire wing surface, with a concentration in postdiscal area where forming up a zigzagging black line; a row of five, white, roughly oval, submarginal dots in cells Rs-M1 to Cu1-Cu2. Male genitalia (figs 2A1–A5): Tegumen wide and flattened dorsally; uncus massive, one-fourth longer than dorsum of tegumen, almost straight except for the gently bent downwards tip; gnathos stout, teeth-like, one-third the length of uncus; pedunculus prominent, roughly triangular, pointing downwards; saccus as shallow as in <i>F. euripides</i> (fig 2D), shallower than in other congeners; valvae elongated and slightly narrowing in narrow one-third, slender than in <i>F. eleates</i> (fig 2B) and <i>F. leucoglene</i> (fig 2C), with and smooth dorsal surface; aedeagus the length of valvae, gently s-curved, without any apparent cornuti, proximal opening nearly half the length of aedeagus.</p> <p>FEMALE (fig 1B): Sexual dimorphism slight. FW length: 19–19.5 mm (n=2). The female differs only in the lighter, sandy yellow ground color of the HWV. Female genitalia (figs 3 A1–A4): Papillae anales rounded, apohyphyses posteriores short, half the width of papillae; von Siebold organ prominent, roughly triangular in lateral view; lamella antevaginalis well sclerotized, simple plate with smooth surface, about the width of bursa; ductus bursae short, one-fourth the length of bursa, and wide, arched upwards; bursa copulatrix pear-like with two wide signa, one-fourth its length, merging distally.</p> <p> <b>Bionomics.</b> <i>F. dubii</i> occurs in dry windswept subantarctic steppe (fig 3B2) alongside its congener <i>Faunula patagonica</i> and other few species restricted to this kind of inhospitable habitat <i>Argyrophorus williamsianus</i> Butler, <i>Cosmosatyrus leptoneuroides</i> C. & R. Felder and <i>Homeonympha boisduvali</i> (Blanchard). Contrary to <i>C. leptoneuroides</i> and <i>F. patagonica</i> it has not been found so far in somewhat more humid coastal areas. Although biology data are not available, its host plants are most probably among <i>Stipa</i> or <i>Poa</i> grasses. <i>Chusquea</i> bamboo, which is the host of most Satyrinae associated with forest habitats, does occurs only sporadically in the subantarctic steppe and is not known from the localities where <i>F. dubii</i> was collected. <i>F. dubii</i> is apparently not threatened currently because its habitat is sparsely populated but extensive sheep grazing can reduce its potential breeding zones. D. Benyamini observed abundant Scoliidae parasitoid wasps in the type locality of <i>F. dubii</i>, and suggested they could have a limiting factor on its population. This supposition however needs confirmation by further field studies. Scoliids are rather known to feed upon beetles.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is dedicated to Dubi Benyamini, eminent Israeli lepidopterist, in recognition for his significant contributions to the knowledge of Patagonian Lycaenidae, especially in the field of their larval stages biology, excellent books dedicated to Middle East butterfly fauna, valuable cooperation with the Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University and friendship.</p>Published as part of <i>Pyrcz, Tomasz W., 2012, A new species of satyrine butterfly from Patagonia in more than a century and revisional notes on the genus Faunula C. Felder & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), pp. 60-68 in Zootaxa 3342</i> on pages 61-65, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/281420">10.5281/zenodo.281420</a&gt

Janusz Wojtusiak 1942-2012

Volume: 35Start Page: 111End Page: 11

Further data on the butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mpanga Forest, Uganda, and the role of this forest in biodiversity conservation

We present records of further 87 butterfly species to the checklist of Mpanga Forest, Mpigi, Uganda, increasing the number of known species to 401. Over half of all newly recorded butterflies are skippers (Hesperiidae), also, a significant proportion of the new records pertain to species which tend to occur in more open habitats and forest-edges, also swampy areas or wetlands. Our records represent the easternmost occurrences of Procampta admiratio(Hesperiidae), Bicyclus rhacotis (Nymphalidae), Pentila alba and Iolaus schultzei (Lycaenidae) with significant range extensions. The still increasing number of species further emphasizes the conservation importance of the remaining small fragments of the once extensive Lake Victoria outlier forest, which almost disappeared from shores of the lake between the Kenyan and Tanzanian border. The pressure from the steeply increasing human population and apparent lack of actual protection measures threatens the Mpanga forest ecosystem and its butterfly fauna, despite its educational and unique eco-tourism potential

New pronophiline butterflies from the Venezuelan tepuyes (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

Volume: 53Start Page: 90End Page: 9

Corades medeba subsp. pittieri Pyrcz & Viloria, n. ssp.

Corades medeba pittieri Pyrcz & Viloria n. ssp. (Figs. 39, 40, 57) Corades medeba Hewitson, 1850: 439, pl. 10, fig. 4. Syntypes (2 males), in BMNH [examined]. Diagnosis: More than 300 individuals of C. medeba from the entire range of the species were examined, demonstrating that this subspecies is recognized from the individuals of other subspecies of C. medeba first of all by the almost uniform silver beige HWV in the male and light beige in the female. FWV median orange dots of pittieri are considerably smaller than in the nominate subspecies and most populations of columbina Staudinger, except for the specimens occurring the CM. Description: MALE (Fig. 39): Head, thorax and abdomen as in other subspecies. FW triangular with a blunt apex, length: 33–34 mm, mean: 33.6 mm, n= 14. HW oval with slightly scalloped outer margin and a short tail-like extension along vein Cu 2. FWD: dark chocolate brown, very slightly lighter than in C. medeba columbina; a large blackish androconial scale covering two-thirds of wing surface. HWD: uniform dark chocolate brown, lustrous. FWV: dark brown; two faint orange spots in the middle of the discal cell, and in the postdical area in cell M 2 -M 3; a faint whitish costal patch in postdiscal area; subapical and apical area beige dusted with some magenta scales. HWV: ground color silver beige, as compared to olive dark brown in other subspecies of C. medeba; a slightly darker median band with a yellowish discal cell spot at bese of vein Cu 1; a row of faint submarginal dark brown dots, not apparent in cell M 3 -Cu 1. Male genitalia (Fig. 57): In the nominate subspecies the valvae are wide and of the same width throughout their length, whereas in pittieri and columbina they are consistently slender and gradually narrow towards apex; the difference between pittieri and columbina are mostly quantitative, and consist in the thinner subunci, shallower saccus and shorter valvae. All the subspecies of C. medeba have serrate subunci on dorsal surface near the tip, a character not found in other Corades. FEMALE (Fig. 40): FW length: 34.5– 35 mm, mean: 34.7 mm, n= 3. FWD: medium brown, glossy; a small median orange patch in M 3 -Cu 1; two whitish postdiscal costal patches; two diffused whitish subapical patches, dusted with brown; a row of four submarginal small orange patches in M 2 -M 3 to Cu 1 -Cu 2 (FWD pattern variable as in all subspecies of C. medeba). HWD: medium brown, lustrous; faint, diffused orange markings in postdiscal area. FWV: dark brown; costa, apex and outer margin very light beige; a short orange discal streak; a roughly rounded orange postdiscal patch in M 3 -Cu 1; a row of four oval postdiscal orange patches in M 2 -M 3 to Cu 1 -Cu 2. HWV: very light beige with some brown ripple-like pattern on the entire wing surface without any noticeable concentration; a very slightly darker median band. Female genitalia: not illustrated. Types: Holotype (male): Venezuela, Aragua State, Colonia Tovar, La Entrada, 22.V. 1993, P. Rouche leg., MIZA; Allotype (female): 1 female: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2100–2150 m, 06.VIII. 2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; Paratypes (37 males and 4 females): ARAGUA: 1 male: Colonia Tovar, 1900–2100m, 11.XI. 1997, P. Boyer leg., PBF; 2 males: same data but 01.X. 1997, PBF; 1 male: same data but 03.XII. 1994, PBF; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, 2200 m, 4.XII. 1950, F. Fernández Y. leg., MIZA; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, vía Cuesta Maya, 2100 m, 14.V. 1996, J. DeMarmels leg., MIZA; 3 males: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal, 2100 m, 7.III. 2004, M. Costa leg., MCC; 3 males: same data but 20.III. 2004, MCC; 1 males and 1 female: same data but 28.II. 2004, MCC; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, 2200 m, 27.II. 1984, M. Costa leg., MCC; 5 males: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal, 1900 m, 01.XI. 2004, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 5 males: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2100 m, 06.VIII. 2003, T. Pyrcz leg., 1 MZUJ, 1 BMNH, 3 TWP; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, 2100 m, III. 1995, F. Romero leg., FRR; 2 males and 1 female: same data but 2100, IV. 1993, FRR; 1 male: same data but 2200 m, FRR; 2 males and 2 females: same data but 2300 m, FRR; 2 males: sama data but 2200 m, IV. 1982, FRR; 1 male: same data but 2200 m, IV. 1983, FRR; 1 male: same data but 2200 m, X. 1995, FRR. Etymology: Named after Henri Pittier, a Swiss-American botanist and naturalist, promoter of the creation of a research station in Rancho Grande and a protected area of cloud forest in the Cordillera de la Costa currently known as Henri Pittier National Park. Geographic range: Species: CC, CM, throughout Colombia, Ecuador, eastern slopes in Peru and Bolivia; Subspecies: CC. Altitudinal range: 2300–2850 m (Adams, 1986); 2300–2400 m (Pyrcz & Wojtusiak, 2002) ssp. columbina Thieme; 2000–2400 m (Pyrcz, 2004) ssp. medeba Hewitson; 1800 –> 2400 m in CC. Remarks: Polytypic, and as widespread as C. pannonia. It is less common than C. enyo in the CC, still frequently encountered along forest trails, usually perching and patrolling in the subcanopy, engaging in aerial fights with the congeners, and occasionally coming to the ground to feed on organic matter.Published as part of Viloria, Angel L., Pyrcz, Tomasz W. & Orellana, Andrés, 2010, A survey of the Neotropical montane butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa, pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 2622 on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19811

Pedaliodes prytanis Hewitson

Pedaliodes prytanis (Hewitson) (Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) [Dasynympha aspaera Moritz, in litt.] nomen nudum; Viloria et al., 2001: 33. Pronophila prytanis Hewitson, 1862: 7 –8, pl. 3, fig. 24. 1 male, [Venezuela], HC, BMNH type No. Rh. 3983 [LECTOTYPE of P. p r y t a n i s Hew., herein designated]; 5 males, Venezuela, pur. from Dyson, 46–75, (2 genit. prep. ALV 107 - 96; ALV 276 - 97), [PARALECTOTYPES of P. prytanis Hew., herein designated]. Pedaliodes prytanis (Hewitson); Butler, 1867: 267. Pedaliodes cestia Thieme, 1905: 92, 94, pl. 1, fig. 8 [type locality: Colombia]. 1 male, Columb[ien]., Karsten, Thieme, (genit. vial No. 9002, L. D. Miller), with a red label saying lectotype of Pedaliodes cestia Thieme, designated by Lee D. Miller, 1989, [LECTOTYPE of P. cestia Thieme, herein designated], ZMHB, synonymy given by Lamas et al. (2004). Pedaliodes adamsi d’Abrera, 1988: 855, holotype male: BMNH [examined], [type locality: Ecuador, Piscourco (erroneous)], syn. nov. Geographic range: Species: CC (monotypic). Altitudinal range: 2000–2600 m. Remarks: This species can easily be confused with the sympatric P. piletha (Hewitson). The latter is, however, considerably smaller, particularly the females, and has a white HWV anal wedge, variable in P. prytanis between snow white, milky white and yellow. P. prytanis and P. piletha occur in similar habitats. P. prytanis is, however, more commonly met with at slightly higher elevations than P. piletha, above 2200 m. Moreover, P. piletha is much more common and largely outnumbers its bigger congener. P. p r y t a n i s is closely related to P. proerna fumaria Thieme, from the CM, which has the same size, wing shape and male androconia, but instead of a large HWV anal wedge it has only some diffuse white scales, rarely dense enough as to form a full wedge (Adams & Bernard, 1981). Two extreme expressions of individual forms of the males and four of the females were illustrated. Pedaliodes cestia Thieme is a junior synonym of P. prytanis. Its type locality, given by Thieme as Colombia, is erroneous. Pedaliodes adamsi d’Abrera described based on a single, historical male specimen in the BMNH from “ Ecuador is also considered as a junior synonym of P. prytanis. The type locality “Piscourco is considered erroneous. None of the lepidopterists who have extensively sampled the Andes of Ecuador in the recent period (T. Pyrcz, K. Willmott, A. Jasiński, P. Boyer, M. Bollino and others) have reported any species possibly matching the type of P. adamsi. The type of P. adamsi was found to be identical with an individual morph of P. p r y t a n i s occurring in the area of Colonia Tovar, characterised by particularly large HWV yellowish patches, illustrated herein. Material examined: DISTRITO FEDERAL: 1 male: P. N. Avila, Caracas, 1800 m, 05.VII. 1979, D. Baiocchi leg., MIZA; 1 male: Dto. Federal, Pico Naiguatá, 2700 m, 16.V. 1975, R. Dietz leg., MIZA; 1 male, Caracas; 1 male, Caracas, Berg Avila, 1000 m, x- 1936 / v- 1937, P. Corn. Vogl, (präparat Nr. SA 370), ZSBS; ARAGUA: 1 female: Colonia Tovar, Cuesta de Puerto Maya, 2000 m, 08.V. 2004, M. Costa leg., TWP; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, vía Capachal, 2100 m, 02.VIII. 2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 2 male and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, vía Capachal, 2100 m, 05.VIII. 2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 7 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal, 2100 m, 06.VIII. 2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 1 male and 4 females: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal, 2100m, 01.XII. 2004, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 3 males: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2100–2150 m, 06.VIII. 2003, J. & T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, vía Cuesta Maya, 2000 m, 25–26.III. 1998, A. Chacón, Q. Arias and J. Chirinos leg., MIZA; 1 males: Colonia Tovar, 1800 m, 25.IX. 1953, F. Fernández Y. leg., MIZA; 4 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, Capachal, 2050 m, 22.I. 2010, T. Pyrcz leg., MZUJ; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2100 m, 22.II. 2010, T. Pyrcz leg., MZUJ; 4 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2200 m, 04.III. 2010, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 1 female: Aragua, Colonia Tovar, 19. VI. 1995, A. Chacón leg., MIZA; 3 males: Venezuela, Mor.[itz], Felder Colln., RB, BMNH; 1 male: Venezuela, Ex Musaeo Dris. Boisduval, OC, BMNH; 1 male: Druce Coll., Ex Kaden Coll., (genit. prep. ALV 106 - 96), G-S, BMNH; 2 males: Venezuela, Coll. v. Schenck, ZMHB; 7 males and 2 females: Colonia Tovar, 2100 m, IV. 1993, F. Romero leg., FRR; 6 males and 1 female: same data but 1900 m, FRR; 5 males and 3 females: same data but 2300 m, FRR; 2 males: same data but VI. 1975, FRR; 1 female: same data but X. 1995, FRR; 1 female: carretera Maracay-Choroní, La Cumbre, 1550 m, IX. 1969, F. Romero leg., FRR; 1 male: 3 kms N.W. of Colonia Tovar, W. of Caracas, 2100 m, 20.V 1.975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 female: Portachuelo Pass, Rancho Grande, 1100 m, 26.V. 1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; MIRANDA: 1 male: El Avila, Lagunazo, 14.XI. 1981, J. DeMarmels leg., MIZA; 1 male: Pico Naiguatá, N. of Caracas, 2700–2765 m, 17.V. 1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 male: same data but 1800 m, 18.V. 1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 3 males: same data but 2700 m, 16.V. 1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 female: same data, M. Adams leg., BMNH.Published as part of Viloria, Angel L., Pyrcz, Tomasz W. & Orellana, Andrés, 2010, A survey of the Neotropical montane butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa, pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 2622 on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19811