PEMIKIRAN PHILOSOPHER- PHILOSOPHER ALIRAN PRAGMATISME DAN KRITIK TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL

Pragmatisme merupakan gerakan filsafat Amerika yang begitu dominan mencerminkan sifat-sifat kehidupan Bangsa Amerika. Demikian dekatnya pragmatisme dengan Amerika sehingga Popkin dan Stroll menyatakan bahwa pragmatisme merupakan gerakan yang berasal dari Amerika yang memiliki pengaruh mendalam dalam kehidupan intelektual di Amerika. Bagi kebanyakan rakyat Amerika, pertanyaan-pertanyaan tentang kebenaran, asal dan tujuan, hakekat serta hal-hal metafisis yang menjadi pokok pembahasan dalam filsafat barat dirasakan amat teoritis. Rakyat Amerika umumya menginginkan hasil yang kongkrit. Sesuatu yang penting harus pula kelihatan dalam kegunaannya. Oleh karena itu,pertanyaan “what is” harus dieliminir dengan “what for”. Menurut teori pragmatis tentang kebenaran, suatu proposisi dapat disebut benar sepanjang proposisi itu berlaku [works] atau memuaskan [satisfies](Tauhid Bashori). Berikut disajikan pemikiran enam philosopher pragmatisme dan kritisi terhadap kebijakan pendidikan di Indonesia

UCAP-UCAP TATTWA CARITA: GAGELARAN SEORANG DALANG

This article is based on my interview with a dalang artist, I Nyoman Rajeg, years ago regarding the knowledge of our traditional theater, Pedalangan, which is likely also important to other artists, especially to dalang students. Knowledge, strategy and secret techniques that I accumulated from Rajeg are related to the capacity and ability, which must be mastered by a dalang. Rajeg called all of these capacity and ability as gagelaran dalang. In addition, I elaborate it with my own interpretation based on books and manuscripts, in the hope to clarify what perhaps meant by Rajeg

Wedhus Gembel Halahala Mandaragiri

A side from Mount Merapi, Mount Bromo and Anak krakatau erupted just the latter. Last Saturday (27/11), the Mandara Mountain also erupted tremendous. Horribly, spit out “wedhus gembel” contain with halahala which is a deadly poison. The toxins that spewed from the top of the mountain threaten all living things. But the people of Central Java, who witnessed the eruption of Mount Mandara seemed calm and even enjoy it. Mandaragiri eruption was a ballet performance that was held in Pendhapa Institut Seni Indonesia (ISI) Surakarta, Central Java. Ballet entitled “Siwa Wisaya“performed by the students of ISI Denpasar, which served as the ultimate performance on Gong Kebyar Mebarung in Java and Bali area, held by ISI Surakarta. Gong Kebyar duel that lasted two nights, on the 26th -27th last November, presents four different groups namely: Gong Kebyar ISI Surakarta, ISI Yogyakarta, Puspa Giri Semarang, and ISI Denpasar. The story of Mandara Mountains are served by 60 students of ISI Denpasar, it was contextual with the eruption of natural disasters that are now happening in Indonesia. Mandaragiri is very familiar in Java community whose leather puppet lovers. Therefore, the turn of Mandaragiri in the early part of the Mahabharata epic was applied to be communicative in a ballet performance which lasts for 25 minutes. The audiences who attend the Pendhapa listened with enthusiasm and keen of the artistic display with a message which is underlined verbally by the mastermind or narrator in Old Javanese and Indonesian. Once in Satyayuga age, the gods and giants are agree to work together to find Tirta Amrita or the water of eternal life. To get the holy water they should stirring the sea of ​​milk “Ksiarnawa”, with a mountain. On the appointed day, the Mandara mountain at the Island of Sangka which carried by Hyang Antaboga is thrown into the middle of the ocean. To keep the mountain floating, Kurma the tortoise rested on the seabed and occupied on the top of the mountain is God Indra. Naga Basuki is twisted on the mountain, his head held by the giants and his tail pulled by the gods. Mandaragiri is turned on. The Ocean was boiling and typhoons blustering. The habitats of the mountain are bounced out and the ocean habitats are scattered. Suddenly from the top of the Mandara mountain sprit a solid black blob. The gods and the giants cheered excitedly, scrambling and about to drink the melting lump. Lord Shiva is watching carefully of gods and giants action he was swiftly captured and immediately drank it. Lord Shiva's neck turned into dark blue because the one it was drunk by Lord Shiva is the killer toxin halahala. The gods and the giants get more curios and re-play the turn of Mandara Mountains which then disburse a clear liquid fragrance, Tirta Amrita. The giants fiercely controlled and run. Luckily, God Vishnu wins while pretended to be an angel and seduce them. Tirta Amrita was then spread by God Vishnu to all the human being in the earth and also to bring happiness and world peace. The cultivation of "Shiva Wizard” ISI Denpasar ballet was pretty neat. I Wayan Sutirtha, S. Sn, M. Sn, one of the choreographers say that he quite satisfied with the artwork of the performance and the dancer’s magnificence accordance with the concept of artistic and aesthetic which had planned. The same opinion is also conveyed by a composer Ida Bagus Nyoman Mas, SSKar he impressed and salutes with the drummer’s team confidence and concentration that appear so neat. The coach at puppetry, I Ketut Kodi, SSP, M. Si and I Nyoman Sukerta, S. Sn, M. Si, also revealed his goal against the appearance of liking the narrator and puppeteer by one of the students at puppetry department ISI Denpasar, Bagus Bharatanatya. Apart to aesthetic visual communication through dance and gamelan musical audio system, Balinese dance-dramas that are performed in front of the community of Central Java interweave a verbal communication within the Indonesian National language. Narration in the Indonesian language was deeply touched when thrown the moral expressions. The scene of Lord Shiva drank the poison of Mandara Mountains which caused his neck on fire, given the word of Lord Shiva narrative: “Hai para dewa dan para asura, cairan yang kalian perebutkan itu adalah halahala, racun. Aku tak ingin kalian mati binasa karena minum racun gunung itu. Sebagai penguasa semesta, aku rela mengorbankan diriku. Sebagai pemimpin, aku rela jadi tumbal kehidupan demi keselamatan hidup dan keberlangsungan kehidupan“ means : Dear gods and the giants, the liquid that you guys fighting for is halahala poison. Lord Shiva does not want them to drink poison and perish because of the mountains poison. As the possessors of the universe, I'm willing to sacrifice myself. As a leader, I'm willing to be a sacrificial life for the sake of safety of life and sustainability of life. The audiences were satisfied with it. Art is the vehicle for a flexible and powerful communication. When natural disasters came in a row and whack this nation, then the art breakthrough to give an amusement, reflection, and a vessel for introspection. Just try to be reviewed on the last part of the "Shiva Wizard" ballet of ISI Denpasar. As he splashed Tirta Amrita, God Vishnu said: "O gods, giants, and all mankind. Birth, life, and death are the destiny. Sangkan paraning dumadi is the power of Hyang Widhi. Pray for the Lord. Maintain harmony together and ......, save the earth with loving & harmony

Commuting Preferences by Bus and Train in Sydney Australia

In order to achieve sustainable transportation target, one of the transportation policy commonly adopted is to increase the use of public transport, for example, bus and train. It is, therefore, important to study the commuting behavior by bus and train of residents. Two techniques were applied to study commutingbehavior, i.e. preference functions and Moran's I spatial statistic. The commuting preference by bus was found to move towards distance maximization over time. Unlike decreasing trend for the slope preferences by bus by increasing LGA distances from the CBD, there is no clear increasing or decreasing trend for theslope preferences by train. Similar to bus, the slope preferences by train are relatively stable over time. A significant positive spatial association was identified for the slope preferences by bus for both O-D and D-O matrices, however the spatial variation in the slope preferences by train was found to be random

RASA DALAM NATYA UASTRA

Rasa is the essence of Indian easthetics. Rasa is the core of every Indian art. Hence all Indian arts in some extente have been inspired by rasa theory in its various forms and expressions. For the first time rasa theory was expounded by Bharata in his monumental work, Natya Sastra. Natya Sastra has been regarded as an enseclopedia work on Indian art. Rasa means at one time means ‘water’, ‘juice’ or ‘wine’. At another times it impied ‘essence’. In another context it means ‘relish’ or ‘savouring’ it also means ‘aesthetic pleasure’ or ‘enjoyment’ a meaning or association of meanings with which we are essentially dealt with. Rasa was made of bhava. Rasa and bhava always come together without the other no rasa occurs. Bharata in his Natya Sastra (VI.31) says: “rasa comes from a combination of vibhavas, anubhavas, and vyabhicaribhavas”. Giving a illustration, Bharata, in the same passage, says:”Just as (flavour) comes from a combination of many spices, herbs and other substances, so rasa...from many bhavas”

Tari Kreasi Kerakyatan “ GUNASTRI”

Abstract Guna berarti sifat, Stri berarti wanita. Terinspirasi dari fenomena kehidupan remaja masa kini, tarian ini menceritakan perjalanan seorang gadis desa mencari pengalaman hidup yang lebih baik dengan pergi ke kota. Sifat genit dan gemar bersolek adalah pengaruh dari lingkungan dimana keluguan, rasa malu dan polos berubah seketika sehingga pada akhirnya terjadi konflik batin

Reader-response Analysis in Gone with the Wind Novel by Margaret Mitchell

Penelitian ini adalah analisis mengenai kepribadian para tokoh utama yang diungkapkan di alam novel Gone With The Wind karya Margaret Mitchell, dengan rumusan masalah “Faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi kepribadian para tokoh utama di dalam Gone With The Wind, berdasarkan pada analisis respon pembaca (reader-response)”. Objek studi ini merupakan pemenang dari Pulitzer Prize dan National Book Award di 1936.Data yang terkait dengan penelitian ini adalah berbentuk kata, kalimat, dan kutipan yang diambil dari novel tersebut. Data tersebut diambil dari pembacaan terhadap novel tersebut dengan menyeleksi data yang terkait dengan analisis. Untuk mendukung analisis, dua rekan penulis (Akhlis and Vivi) memberikan dukungan terhadap detail dari cerita. Penulis bertanya satu demi satu tentang para tokoh utama dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepribadian para tokoh utama. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan beberapa teknis yang meliputi pemilihan, mengutipan, penjelasan, dan pembuatan kesimpulan dan saran. Analisis menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Terdapat juga beberapa data yang merefleksikan kepribadian para tokoh utama. Pertama, ditemukan beberapa faktor seperti cinta, pernikahan, dan patriotisme. Kedua, penulis dan rekan tidak belajar tentang perang yang terjadi di abad kedelapan belas tetapi belajar tentang mengapresiasi orang lain. Kita juga seharusnya memiliki sikap “memberi dan menerima” terhadap pasangan kita. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa kita harus menghargai institusi pernikahan. Kita harus mengapresiasi pasangan kita. Jika kita tidak menyintai pasangan kita, sebuah cinta yang sejati tidak akan terjalin

Tari Pamiket Tresna

Abstract Garapan ini menceritakan kisah percintaan remaja di Kabupaten Jembrana pada jaman dahulu, yaitu kisah para gadis desa yang masih ragu dengan cinta pria yang mencintainya. Untuk meyakinkan hati gadis yang dicintainya, maka pria tersebut akhirnya menggunakan tradisi lama untuk mengantarkan perasaan cinta mereka dengan cara memainkan alat musik peret berbentuk seruling Penata Iringan