Study of the Transition Temperature of Mohr's Salt Analogue of Mn(II) by Distribution Measurement

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Triton Binding Energy for Local Square Well Potential

The applicability of a new method of approximating the two-body t-matrix in separable form for general local short-range interaction, as suggested earlier, has been tested in the calculation of triton binding energy with Faddeev formalism. The square well potential is considered since convergent theoretical binding energy values by Sturmian expansion method is available for this potential. Using a two term and three term expansion, the binding energy values of triton have been evaluated taking the triplet plus singlet states of deuteron. It is observed that the binding energy values for the second case is very close to the result obtained by Kharchenko and Storozhenko for the same potential using the Sturmian expansion method. The present method her: the advantage over the Sturmian method that it is applicable to more general type short-range potentials and to higher partial waves

Taste changes after bariatric surgery: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Alterations in taste perception and preferences may contribute to dietary changes and subsequent weight loss following bariatric surgery. METHODS: A systematic search was performed to identify all articles investigating gustation, olfaction, and sensory perception in both animal and human studies following bariatric procedures. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-five articles were identified after database searches, bibliography inclusions and deduplication. Sixty-one articles were included. These articles provide evidence supporting changes in taste perception and hedonic taste following bariatric procedures. Taste sensitivity to sweet and fatty stimuli appears to increase post-operatively. Additionally, patients also have a reduced hedonic response to these stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence suggests that there is a change in taste perception following bariatric procedures, which may contribute to long-term maintenance of weight loss following surgery

Cerebral Vasoreactivity During Acute and Recovery Phase Post-Concussion: A Pilot Study

The diagnosis of sports-related concussion is based mostly on clinical symptoms. Return-to-play decisions are made when the athletes are symptom free; however, some metabolic and physiological impairments may persist such as impairments in cerebral blood flow regulation. The purpose of this study was to examine cerebral vasoreactivity from acute phase to recovery phase in athletes with a sports-related concussion. Eight NCAA Division I male athletes (21 ± 2 years) with a confirmed sports-related concussion participated in the study. Data was collected on day 3 (acute) and day 21 (recovery) following a concussion. Subjects also reported any incidences of previous concussions. Arterial blood pressure was obtained with finger photoplethysmography and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAV) was collected using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Expired CO2 was continuously measured with an infrared CO2 analyzer attached to a nasal cannula. Data was collected while subjects breathed room air for 2 minutes, hyperventilated for 2 minutes, and then inspired a gas mixture of 8% CO2, 21% oxygen, and balanced nitrogen for 2 minutes. Cerebral vasoreactivity was analyzed as the slope of the linear relationship between end-tidal CO2 and MCAV and expressed as the change in cerebral blood flow per mmHg change in end-tidal CO2. Cerebral vasoreactivity improved from acute phase to recovery phase in 4 subjects, and worsened in 4 subjects. Subjects with no history of concussions had improved cerebral vasoreactivity (0.676 ± 0.11 to 1.218 ± 0.19 cm sec-1 mmHg-1). However, subjects with a history of concussions had poor outcome on cerebral vasoreactivity during recovery phase (1.154 ± 0.23 to 0.793 ± 0.15 cm sec-1 mmHg-1). These data provide evidence that athletes with a history of concussions may require a longer recovery period to prevent long-term complications

Interventions for sustainable surgery: a systematic review

Objective: To systematically evaluate interventions designed to improve the sustainability of surgical practice with respect to their environmental and financial impact. Background: Surgery contributes significantly to emissions attributed to healthcare due to its high resource and energy use. Several interventions across the operative pathway have, therefore, been trialed to minimize this impact. Few comparisons of the environmental and financial effects of these interventions exist. Materials and Methods: A search of studies published up to 2nd February 2022 describing interventions to increase surgical sustainability was undertaken. Articles regarding the environmental impact of only anesthetic agents were excluded. Data regarding environmental and financial outcomes were extracted with a quality assessment completed dependent upon study design. Results: 1162 articles were retrieved, of which 21 studies met inclusion criteria. 25 interventions were described, which were categorized into 5 domains: ‘reduce and rationalize’, ‘reusable equipment and textiles’, ‘recycling and waste segregation’, ‘anesthetic alternatives’ and ‘other’. 11/21 studies examined reusable devices; those demonstrating a benefit, reported 40-66% lower emissions than with single-use alternatives. In studies not showing a lower carbon footprint, reduction in manufacturing emissions were offset by the high environmental impact of local fossil-fuel based energy required for sterilization. The per use monetary cost of reusable equipment was 47-83% of the single-use equivalent. Conclusions: A narrow repertoire of interventions to improve the environmental sustainability of surgery has been trialed. The majority focus upon reusable equipment. Emissions and cost data is limited, with longitudinal impacts rarely investigated. Real-world appraisals will facilitate implementation, as will an understanding of how sustainability impacts surgical decision-making

Emergent PT symmetry in a double-quantum-dot circuit QED setup

Open classical and quantum systems with effective parity-time ( PT ) symmetry, over the past five years, have shown tremendous promise for advances in lasers, sensing, and nonreciprocal devices. And yet, how such effective PT -symmetric non-Hermitian models emerge out of Hermitian quantum mechanics is not well understood. Here, starting from a fully Hermitian microscopic Hamiltonian description, we show that a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian emerges naturally in a double-quantum-dot (DQD) circuit-QED setup, which can be controllably tuned to the PT -symmetric point. This effective Hamiltonian governs the dynamics of two coupled circuit-QED cavities with a voltage-biased DQD in one of them. Our analysis also reveals the effect of quantum fluctuations on the PT -symmetric system. The PT transition is, then, observed both in the dynamics of cavity observables as well as via an input-output experiment. As a simple application of the PT transition in this setup, we show that loss-induced enhancement of amplification and lasing can be observed in the coupled cavities. By comparing our results with two conventional local Lindblad equations, we demonstrate the utility and limitations of the latter. Our results pave the way for an on-chip realization of a potentially scalable non-Hermitian system with a gain medium in the quantum regime, as well as its potential applications for quantum technology

The impact of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites

This study aims to explore the immediate effects of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites in individuals with type 2 diabetes and BMI > 30. With the goal of providing insight into the link between tryptophan pathway metabolites, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obesity-induced inflammation. This longitudinal study included 20 participants. Half were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. 11 and 9 underwent RYGB and SG respectively. Blood samples were obtained at pre-operative and 3 months post-operative timepoints. Tryptophan and downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were quantified with an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation method. At 3 months post-operation, RYGB led to significant reductions in tryptophan, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid levels when compared to baseline. Significant reductions of the same metabolites after surgery were also observed in individuals with T2D irrespective of surgical procedure. These metabolites were significantly correlated with serum HbA1c levels and BMI. Bariatric surgery, in particular RYGB reduces serum levels of tryptophan and its downstream kynurenine metabolites. These metabolites are associated with T2D and thought to be potentially mechanistic in the systemic processes of obesity induced inflammation leading to insulin resistance. Its reduction after surgery is associated with an improvement in glycaemic control (HbA1c)