The formation of aesthetic culture in young university students of the University of Granma

The work that is presented aims to describe the main characteristics of the formation of the aesthetic culture of young people who study careers in Sociocultural Studies and Sociocultural Management for Development, at the University of Granma. It is conceived through the quantitative and qualitative methodological confluence, privileging in it, the hermeneutical method and the anthropological approach. The results are specified in a characterization that shows an incongruity between current sensitivity matrices of the students and the general purposes of their training process. This study will contribute to the improvement of the integral, human and cultural training process of professionals in this context in which the formation of aesthetic culture is significantly placed.El trabajo que se presenta se propone describir las principales características de la formación de la cultura estética de los jóvenes que cursan las carreras en Estudios Socioculturales y Gestión Sociocultural para el Desarrollo, en la Universidad de Granma. Se concibe a través de la confluencia metodológica cuantitativa y cualitativa, privilegiando en ello, el método hermenéutico y el enfoque antropológico. Los resultados se concretan en una caracterización que demuestra la incongruencia existente entre las matrices actuales de sensibilidad de los estudiantes de las referidas carreras y los propósitos generales de su proceso de formación. Este estudio tributará al perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación integral, humana y cultural de los profesionales de este contexto en el que se coloca, significativamente, la formación de la cultura estética

A direct measurement of the baryonic mass function of galaxies & implications for the galactic baryon fraction

We use both an HI-selected and an optically-selected galaxy sample to directly measure the abundance of galaxies as a function of their "baryonic" mass (stars + atomic gas). Stellar masses are calculated based on optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and atomic gas masses are calculated using atomic hydrogen (HI) emission line data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey. By using the technique of abundance matching, we combine the measured baryonic function (BMF) of galaxies with the dark matter halo mass function in a LCDM universe, in order to determine the galactic baryon fraction as a function of host halo mass. We find that the baryon fraction of low-mass halos is much smaller than the cosmic value, even when atomic gas is taken into account. We find that the galactic baryon deficit increases monotonically with decreasing halo mass, in contrast with previous studies which suggested an approximately constant baryon fraction at the low-mass end. We argue that the observed baryon fractions of low mass halos cannot be explained by reionization heating alone, and that additional feedback mechanisms (e.g. supernova blowout) must be invoked. However, the outflow rates needed to reproduce our result are not easily accommodated in the standard picture of galaxy formation in a LCDM universe.Comment: Accepted to ApJ. 45 pages (aastex), 19 figures; added references and updated fig.18 for version

El entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular con pesas en para atletas de lanzamiento del disco (Original)

Muscular strength training in discus throwing athletes has been studied internationally with a fundamental purpose: its influence on sports performance, however, there are few investigations, with this purpose, aimed at athletes with activity limitations, which also suppose their social inclusion. Cuba is not an exception, in the country there are not enough studies on this matter, which has caused some disadvantages to apply them according to the specificities of these athletes. Around this problem, the present work reflects on the theoretical references of greater contextualization and relevance in this regard, and ponders as assumptions, those studies that reveal the effectiveness of muscular strength training to equally achieve sporting success and social insertion.El entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular en atletas de lanzamiento de disco ha sido estudiado internacionalmente con un propósito fundamental: su influencia en el rendimiento deportivo, sin embargo son escasas las indagaciones, con este propósito, dirigidas a los atletas con limitaciones para la actividad, que además supongan su inclusión social. Cuba no es una excepción, en el país tampoco son suficientes los estudios sobre este particular, lo que ha ocasionado algunas desventajas para aplicarlos atendiendo a las especificidades de estos atletas. En torno a esta problemática el presente trabajo reflexiona sobre los referentes teóricos de mayor contextualización y pertinencia al respecto, y pondera como presupuestos, aquellos estudios que revelan la eficacia del entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular para conseguir de igual modo el éxito deportivo y la inserción social

Actualidad de la formación de la cultura estética en las carreras estudios y gestión sociocultural para el desarrollo

The work presented aims to show how the formation of the aesthetic culture manifests itself through the cultural practices of the young people who study careers in Sociocultural Studies and Management for development at the University of Granma. It is conceived through the quantitative and qualitative methodological confluence, privileging in it, the hermeneutic method and the anthropological approach. The results are specified in a characterization that demonstrates the incongruence existing between the current matrices of sensitivity of the students of the aforementioned careers and the general purposes of their training process. This study will pay tribute to the improvement of the process of integral, human and cultural formation of the professionals of this context in which the formation of the   aesthetic culture is placed, significantly.El trabajo que se presenta propone mostrar cómo se manifiesta la formación de la  cultura estética a través de las prácticas culturales de los jóvenes que cursan las carreras en Estudios Socioculturales y Gestión Sociocultural para el Desarrollo, en la Universidad de Granma.  Se concibe a través de la confluencia metodológica cuantitativa y cualitativa, privilegiando en ello, el método hermenéutico y el enfoque antropológico.  Los resultados se concretan en una caracterización que demuestra la incongruencia existente entre las matrices actuales de sensibilidad de los estudiantes de las referidas carreras y los propósitos generales de su proceso de formación. Este estudio tributará al  perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación integral, humana y cultural de los profesionales de este contexto en el que se coloca, significativamente, la formación de la cultura estética

La formación ético - estética en los profesionales de la Cultura Física II

En esta segunda parte del artículo se profundiza en el propósito de una formación ético-estética que potencie la cultura tutoral y se ofrecen fundamentos que hacen de la ética y la estética una invariante de la carrera, a partir del establecimiento de nexos con los aspectos esenciales de la misma. Finalmente se propone que sea la formación de la sensibilidad estética, una cualidad que defina el desempeño profesional pedagógico de los tutores de Cultura Física, elemento que responde a las actuales concepciones de esta figura en esa especialidad

La formación ético - estética en los profesionales de la Cultura Física (I).

El presente artículo, estructurado en dos partes, refiere la necesidad de lograr en los profesionales una cultura transdisciplinaria para dar respuesta a las demandas de la Educación Superior. Este reclamo se particulariza en la Universidad de la Ciencia de la Cultura Física y el Deporte donde sus docentes pueden desempeñarse en una tarea de alto rigor científico como es la tutoría, y para lo cual carecen de herramientas teóricas suficientes. En este sentido se aboga, desde el proceso formativo que constituye el postgrado, por una formación ético-estética que potencie la cultura tutoral en función de revalorizar la esencia de esta especialidad y tributar al desarrollo de los modos de actuación en sus graduados, de manera más pertinente

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present