Cémento-chronologie de quelques dents de bouquetin des Pyrénées (Capra Hircus Pyrenaica) provenant de la Grotte des Eglises (Ussat, Ariège)/Cementochronology of Pyrenean Ibex (Capra Hircus Pyrenaica) teeth from Les Eglises Cave (Ussat, Ariège)

Cementochronology of Pyrenean Ibex (Capra Hircus Pyrenaica) teeth from Les Eglises Cave (Ussat, Ariège). Cementum increment analysis is considered a very useful method to study the seasonality of Paleolithic sites. The method is applicable to a wide range of taxa but it needs to be validated for each one of them. In this paper, we analyse remains of Pyrenean Ibex (Capra hircus pyrenaica) coming from Les Eglises cave (Ussat - Ariège - France) We compare the seasonality results established by cementum increment analysis with those independently established by another author on the basis of eruption-wear patterns. Image analysis software has been used for cementum annulation interpretations.La cémento-chronologie est reconnue comme une méthode de première utilité pour déterminer la saisonnalité des habitats de chasseurs paléolithiques. Intéressant de nombreux groupes zoologiques, cette méthode demande à être validée pour chacun d'eux. Ici, les auteurs s'intéressent au Bouquetin des Pyrénées et comparent les résultats qu'ils ont collectés par la méthode de la cémento-chronologie à d'autres obtenus à partir de l'étude du degré d'évolution dentaire. Ils illustrent également l'aide apportée, pour la lecture, par un logiciel de traitement et d'analyse d'image.Griggo Christophe, Pubert Eric. Cémento-chronologie de quelques dents de bouquetin des Pyrénées (Capra Hircus Pyrenaica) provenant de la Grotte des Eglises (Ussat, Ariège)/Cementochronology of Pyrenean Ibex (Capra Hircus Pyrenaica) teeth from Les Eglises Cave (Ussat, Ariège). In: Paléo, n°11,1999. pp. 177-185

Using Cementochronology to Discuss the Organization of Past Neanderthal Societies

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Saisonnalité des activités de prédation des chasseurs aurignaciens d’Isturitz

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Pech-de-l 'Azé I (Carsac, Dordogne) : nouveaux travaux sur le Moustérien de tradition acheuléenne

The Mousterian of Acheulian tradition (MAT) is considered by many to be a forerunner of the Chatelperronian. Although there are new data concerning the latter, recent and detailed studies of the MAT are rare. Pech-de-1'Azé I (Carsac, Dordogne) is one of the few Middle Palaeolithic sites containing several levels of MAT, making it a key site for understanding the technical and economic behaviour underlying this industry. In 1999 we began a new study of the site with the following objectives: studying Bordes' unpublished collection from the 1970-1971 excavation (stone tool industry, utilized black colorants and faunal remains); identifying the site formation processes; obtaining radiometric dates; and evaluating the site potential for palaeo- environmental studies. The preliminaiy results of this ongoing project are presented here.Le Moustérien de tradition acheuléenne est considéré par plusieurs auteurs comme un technocomplexe précurseur du Châtelperronien. Malgré l'apport de nouvelles données à propos du Châtelperronien, le Moustérien de tradition acheuléenne n'a fait l'objet ces dernières années que de rares analyses détaillées. Pech-de-l'Azé I (Carsac, Dordogne) est un des rares gisements à avoir livré en stratigraphie plusieurs niveaux de Moustérien de tradition acheuléenne. Il représente de ce fait un site clé pour définir les comportements techniques et économiques dans ce contexte moustérien particulier. Nous avons engagé en 1999 un programme de recherche sur ce site dont les principaux objectifs sont : l'étude de la collection inédite F. Bordes (fouilles 1970-1971), l'analyse des processus de formation du gisement, la datation radiométrique des niveaux archéologiques et l'évaluation du potentiel d'information en terme de paléoenvironnement du site. Cette note présente la problématique et la méthodologie de ce projet ainsi que le résultat des premières évaluations concernant les processus de formation de la séquence, son âge radiométrique et les analyses des restes fauniques.Soressi Marie, Armand Dominique, d'Errico Francesco, Jones Heather L., Pubert Eric, Rink W. Jack, Texier Jean-Pierre, Vivent Dominique. Pech-de-l 'Azé I (Carsac, Dordogne) : nouveaux travaux sur le Moustérien de tradition acheuléenne. In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 99, n°1, 2002. pp. 5-11

Improving Resolution In Dental Cementum Analyses Applied To Archaeological Contexts: CemeNTAA Project

Improving Resolution In Dental Cementum Analyses Applied To Archaeological Contexts: CemeNTAA Projec

Improving Resolution In Dental Cementum Analyses Applied To Archaeological Contexts: CemeNTAA Project

Improving Resolution In Dental Cementum Analyses Applied To Archaeological Contexts: CemeNTAA Projec

Estimating the age and season-at-death of ungulates from the analysis of archaeological dental cementum: Recent improvements and perspectives from the CemeNTAA project

International audienc

Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS to Explore Evidence of Treatment and Physiological Responses to Leprosy in Medieval Denmark

International audienceLeprosy can lead to blood depletion in Zn, Ca, Mg, and Fe and blood enrichment in Cu. In late medieval Europe, minerals were used to treat leprosy. Here, physiological responses to leprosy and possible evidence of treatment are investigated in enamel, dentine, and cementum of leprosy sufferers from medieval Denmark (n = 12) and early 20th century Romania (n = 2). Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS, 12 elements were mapped in 15 tooth thin sections, and the statistical covariation of paired elements was computed to assess their biological relevance. The results show marked covariations in the Zn, Ca, and Mg distributions, which are compatible with clinical studies but cannot be directly attributed to leprosy. Minerals used historically as a treatment for leprosy show no detectable intake (As, Hg) or a diffuse distribution (Pb) related to daily ingestion. Intense Pb enrichments indicate acute incorporations of Pb, potentially through the administration of Pb-enriched medication or the mobilization of Pb from bone stores to the bloodstream during intense physiological stress related to leprosy. However, comparisons with a healthy control group are needed to ascertain these interpretations. The positive correlations and the patterns observed between Pb and essential elements may indicate underlying pathophysiological conditions, demonstrating the potential of SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS for paleopathological investigations

Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS to Explore Evidence of Treatment and Physiological Responses to Leprosy in Medieval Denmark

Leprosy can lead to blood depletion in Zn, Ca, Mg, and Fe and blood enrichment in Cu. In late medieval Europe, minerals were used to treat leprosy. Here, physiological responses to leprosy and possible evidence of treatment are investigated in enamel, dentine, and cementum of leprosy sufferers from medieval Denmark (n = 12) and early 20th century Romania (n = 2). Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS, 12 elements were mapped in 15 tooth thin sections, and the statistical covariation of paired elements was computed to assess their biological relevance. The results show marked covariations in the Zn, Ca, and Mg distributions, which are compatible with clinical studies but cannot be directly attributed to leprosy. Minerals used historically as a treatment for leprosy show no detectable intake (As, Hg) or a diffuse distribution (Pb) related to daily ingestion. Intense Pb enrichments indicate acute incorporations of Pb, potentially through the administration of Pb-enriched medication or the mobilization of Pb from bone stores to the bloodstream during intense physiological stress related to leprosy. However, comparisons with a healthy control group are needed to ascertain these interpretations. The positive correlations and the patterns observed between Pb and essential elements may indicate underlying pathophysiological conditions, demonstrating the potential of SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS for paleopathological investigations