Osteoclast-mediated acidic hydrolysis of thermally gelled curdlan component of the bone scaffolds: Is it possible?

Many biomaterials for bone regeneration have recently been produced using thermally gelled curdlan (1,3-ß-d-glucan) as a binder for bioceramics. As the human organism does not produce enzymes having the ability to degrade curdlan, it is not clear what is the fate of curdlan gel after its implantation in the bone. To clarify this point, in this research osteoclasts were cultured on the curdlan gel to show its degradation by acidic hydrolysis. The studies clearly demonstrated microstructural (AFM and SEM imaging) and chemical changes (Raman spectroscopy) on the curdlan surface caused by osteoclast culture. Moreover, degradation test in a cell-free system using HCl solution (pH = 4.5), mimicking environment in the resorption lacuna, showed great weight loss of the sample, release of glucose, and chemical changes typical of curdlan degradation. Thus, the presented research for the first time provides a strong evidence of osteoclast-mediated acidic hydrolysis of thermally obtained curdlan gel.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Plasma medicine: The great prospects when physics meets medicine

The research has demonstrated the antimicrobial properties of plasma urging the incorporation of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) decontamination in current clinical therapies with the aim to improve the benefits on the patients and on society.Postprint (published version

Nanomaterials to aid wound healing and infection control

The management and treatment of infectious bacterial diseases in wound healing have both become significant research areas in the biomedical field. While current treatments show limitations related to toxicity and exposure time, nanotechnology has become a potential alternative to overcome such challenges. The application of different nanomaterials, with a wide range of elemental compositions, morphologies, and features, has become an essential tool in managing wound healing infections. This book chapter shows an updated view of the newest trends in the control and treatment of bacterial proliferation in the wound bed by utilizing various metal- and nonmetal-based nanostructures

Multifunctional Silver(I) Complexes with Metronidazole Drug Reveal Antimicrobial Properties and Antitumor Activity against Human Hepatoma and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

Silver salts and azole derivatives are well known for their antimicrobial properties. Recent evidence has demonstrated also their cytotoxic and genotoxic potential toward both normal and cancer cells. Still, little is known about the action of complexes of azoles with silver(I) salts. Thus, the goal of the study was to compare the chemical, cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of metronidazole complexes with silver(I) nitrate and silver(I) sulfate to metronidazole and pure silver(I) salts. We synthetized a novel complex, [Ag(MTZ)2]2SO4, and confirmed its chemical structure and properties using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-Ray, IR and elemental analysis. To establish the stability of complexes [Ag(MTZ)2NO3] and [Ag(MTZ)2]2SO4, they were exposed to daylight and UV-A rays and were visually assessed. Their cytotoxicity toward human cancer cells (HepG2, Caco-2) and mice normal fibroblasts (Balb/c 3T3 clone A31) was determined by MTT, NRU, TPC and LDH assays. The micro-dilution broth method was used to evaluate their antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A biofilm eradication study was also performed using the crystal violet method and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The photo-stability of the complexes was higher than silver(I) salts. In human cancer cells, [Ag(MTZ)2]2SO4 was more cytotoxic than Ag2SO4 and, in turn, AgNO3 was more cytotoxic than [Ag(MTZ)2NO3]. For Balb/c 3T3 cells, Ag2SO4 was more cytotoxic than [Ag(MTZ)2]2SO4, while the cytotoxicity of AgNO3 and [Ag(MTZ)2NO3] was similar. Metronidazole in the tested concentration range was non-cytotoxic for both normal and cancer cells. The complexes showed increased bioactivity against aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria when compared to metronidazole. For the majority of the tested bacterial strains, the silver(I) salts and complexes showed a higher antibacterial activity than MTZ; however, some bacterial strains presented the reverse effect. Our results showed that silver(I) complexes present higher photo-stability, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity in comparison to MTZ and, to a certain extent, to silver(I) salts

Three powerful men, envious of freedom in the peaceful country." The view of the Barski Confederation and the First Partition of Poland

Adam Naruszewicz - the court poet of the last king of Poland was born on 20th October 1733 in Polesie. He studied at Villinus University and in Lyon. Thanks to Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski he established a very close friendship with Stanisław August Poniatowski. In the course of time he started to bring out his political opinions and put some of his plans into Practice. He edited “Zabawy Przyjemne i Pożyteczne “- the first Polish literary magazine. Franciszek Bohomolec printed his main works in “Dzieła”. However, the first publications has already been issued in “Zabawy Przyjemne i Pożyteczne”. As far as literary writing is concerned, Adam Naruszewicz gave his undivided attention to contemporary situation. It was difficulties in the country and on the King’s court that inspired Naruszewicz to express his opinions in public. The resources of contemporary political situation, particularly the times of Barski confederation, the First Partition of Poland and the dissolution of Delegation Representatives ere found between 1768—1775 in Poniatowski’s royal collection. The above events, in Adam Naruszewicz’s poems, are presented in the following order: The Barski and Radom Confederation, the abduction of the King and the Frist Partition of Poland. The plots are very important in poet’s life- The writer perceives and comments on the subject touching various areas. Above all patriotism and love to the Country are the most important issues in Naruszewicz’s works.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk

Die Beurteilungen über die alten Herscher Polens in Werken von Adam Naruszewicz

Adam Naruszewicz hat zum Thema einzelner Herrschér Polens in vielen Werken seine Meinungen gesagt. Die von ihm geübte Kritik an den Monarchen verbindet sich deutlich mit der negativen sowie positiven Valorisierung historischer Ereignisse, an denen sie entweder teilnahmen oder deren Urheber sie waren. In diesem Artikel habe ich vor, die Ansichten von Adam Naruszewicz darzustellen, die er als Dichter zu einzelnen Herrschern Polens geäußert hat; ich möchte darauf hinweisen, was diese Ansichten betreffen und gleichzeitig die Zusammenhänge dargestellter historischer Ereignisse mit der Kritik an konkreten Monarchen erforschen. Adam Naruszewicz’ Urteile über Könige Polens fand ich in folgenden Werken: Szlachetność, Na Pokój Marmurowy portretami królów polskich z rozkazu Jego Królewskiej Mości Stanisława Augusta nowo przyozdobiony, Do Stanisława Augusta Króla Polskiego W. Książęcia Lit. O pożytku z nauk nagrodą w kraju rozkrzewionych; z okazji odebranego z rąk J. K. Mości medalu, Do Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Z okazji uroczystej Delegacji z powinną Majestatowi rekognicją i powinszowaniem ocalonego życia i zdrowia Jego Królewskiej Mości, Na obrazy Polaków starożytnych z rozkazu J. K. Mości Stanisława Augusta do Biblioteki Zamkowej zebrane, Pociecha cnoty. Oda w dzień imienin Jego Królewskiej Mości, Na śmierć Augusta III Króla PoLskiego, W. Książęcia Litewskiego i Elektora Saskiego, w r. 1763, Głos umarłych, Do księcia Adama Czartoryskiego. Z okazji wydania Sielanek Symonidesa, Zimorowicza, Gawińskiego, Nagurczewskiego i Minasowicza, razem zebranych, Pod bytność Jego Królewskiej Mości tv Jabłonie 8 maja 1781 r., Podróż Królewska do Wiśniowca, dnia 9 października zaczęta, a dnia 8 grudnia zakończona r. p. 1781, Kantata w dzień inauguracji statui króla Jana III, dnia 14 września roku 1788, Consulite vobis, prospicite patriae. Wenn man die Naruszewicz’ Werke über Herrscher Polens analisiert, ist es nicht schwer zu bemerken, dass die überwiegende Mehrheit die positiven Meinungen bilden. Die ehemaligen Machthaber Polens schätz Adam Naruszewicz vor allem wegen: der Erweiterung und Verstärkung des Staatwesens Polens (Władysław Łokietek, Władysław Jagiełło, Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk, Zygmunt II August), ihrer Bemühungen um die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung des Landes, der Gesetzgebung (Kazimierz Wielki), ihrer Kriegscrfolge (Władysław Jagiełło, Stefan Batory, Jan Kazimierz, Jan III Sobieski), der Unterstützung von Entwicklung der Kul tur und der Wissenschaft (Władysław Jagiełło, Stefan Batory, Zygmunt II August), ihrer Güte für die Untertanen (Jan III Sobieski). Es ist auch bemerkenswert, dass einige Monarchen mehrfach in dem Schaffen von Naruszewicz erschienen sowie, dass es Werke gibt, die nicht einen einzelnen, sondern einige verschiedene Herrscher behandeln. Die letzteren behandeln fast im ganzen die Geschichte und die alten Monarchen Polens - zu denen zählt man Glos umarłych, Na Pokój Marmurowy..., Na obrazy Polaków starożytnych...Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk

Current Trends in Fabrication of Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration: Materials Modifications and Biophysical Stimulations

The aim of engineering of biomaterials is to fabricate implantable biocompatible scaffold that would accelerate regeneration of the tissue and ideally protect the wound against biodevice-related infections, which may cause prolonged inflammation and biomaterial failure. To obtain antimicrobial and highly biocompatible scaffolds promoting cell adhesion and growth, materials scientists are still searching for novel modifications of biomaterials. This review presents current trends in the field of engineering of biomaterials concerning application of various modifications and biophysical stimulation of scaffolds to obtain implants allowing for fast regeneration process of bone and cartilage as well as providing long-lasting antimicrobial protection at the site of injury. The article describes metal ion and plasma modifications of biomaterials as well as post-surgery external stimulations of implants with ultrasound and magnetic field, providing accelerated regeneration process. Finally, the review summarizes recent findings concerning the use of piezoelectric biomaterials in regenerative medicine

Raw data from: Effectiveness of the production of tissue-engineered living bone graft – a comparative study using perfusion and rotating bioreactor systems

The primary goal of the research was to compare the effectiveness of 2 bioreactors: (1) perfusion (Lazar Arrow-MTM Micro Bioreactor System) and rotating (Rotary Cell Culture System) in the generation of a living bone construct to select the system that is more favorable for cell cultivation and their differentiation towards mature bone cells. For this purpose bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDSCs) were seeded on the surfaces of hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds and cultured in three different conditions: (1) static 3D culture – a test control (mat_S), (2) 3D culture in a perfusion bioreactor (mat_P), and (3) dynamic 3D culture in a rotating bioreactor (mat_R). Cell growth on the scaffolds was assessed quantitatively by LDH total assay and qualitatively by live/dead staining, cytoskeleton staining, and SEM imaging. Osteogenic differentiation was compared by ELISAs and immunofluorescent staining, whereas ECM mineralization was determined using Raman spectroscopy. Folders: ‘cytoskeleton_staining 1d’ and ‘cytoskeleton_staining 21d’ contain raw CLSM images after cytoskeleton staining after 1 day (before placing the samples into the bioreactors) and 21 days of culture, respectively. Folder ‘live dead” contains raw CLSM images of the cells on the scaffold after live/dead staining (before placing the samples into the bioreactors).Folder ‘IF osteonectin_collagen” contains CLSM images after immunofluorescent staining of osteogenic markers.Folder ‘SEM’ contains raw SEM images after 21 days of culture.The name of the CLSM or SEM images indicates the specific sample and culture conditions, i.e. mat_S means static 3D culture, (2) mat_P means 3D culture in a perfusion bioreactor, and (3) mat_R means dynamic 3D culture in a rotating bioreactor.Folder ‘Raman_maps’ contains various Microsoft Excel (.csv) files. Each Microsoft Excel file contains the raw data for Raman mapping.Folder ‘Raman_spectra’ contains various Microsoft Excel (.csv) files. Each Microsoft Excel file contains the raw data for Raman spectra.For Raman data, file name indicates the type of the sample, i.e. mat_S, mat_P, mat_R, mat_control that means non-seeded biomaterial incubated in the culture medium, and native that means untreated biomaterial.Folder ‘ELISA_osteogenic markers’ contains various Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) files. Each Microsoft Excel file contains the raw results of ELISA for osteogenic marker (file name indicates the type of osteogenic marker). ELISA results are shown as concentration of specific osteogenic marker. Column B shows the name of the sample (mat_S, mat_P or mat_R).The Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) file named ‘LDH_proliferation’ contains the raw results of LDH total proliferation assay performed after 1 day of culture (before placing the samples into the bioreactors) and after 21 days of culture in specific conditions