Perspective of buried oxide thickness variation on triple metal-gate (TMG) recessed-S/D FD-SOI MOSFET

Recently, Fully-Depleted Silicon on Insulator (FD-SOI) MOSFETs have been accepted as a favourable technology beyond nanometer nodes, and the technique of Recessed-Source/Drain (Re-S/D) has made it more immune in regards of various performance factors. However, the proper selection of Buried-Oxide (BOX) thickness is one of the major challenges in the design of FD-SOI based MOS devices in order to suppress the drain electric penetrations across the BOX interface efficiently. In this work, the effect of BOX thickness on the performance of TMG Re-S/D FD-SOI MOSFET has been presented at 60 nm gate length. The perspective of BOX thickness variation has been analysed on the basis of its surface potential profile and the extraction of the threshold voltage by performing two-dimensional numerical simulations. Moreover, to verify the short channel immunity, the impact of gate length scaling has also been discussed. It is found that the device attains two step-up potential profile with suppressed short channel effects. The outcomes reveal that the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) values are lower among conventional SOI MOSFETs. The device has been designed and simulated by using 2D numerical ATLAS Silvaco TCAD simulator

Impact of Project Attributes on Project Management Strategies - A Context of G2C e-Government in India

The extant literature on management of e-Government projects discusses success factors in detail. However, it is observed that the contingency aspects of management of these projects have not been given sufficient attention. The classification of e-Government projects based on specific project attributes is an area where the current understanding is rather inadequate. The relationship between certain e-Government project attributes and different management strategies has also not been explored adequately. In this paper, we examine the impact of two important project attributes on certain important aspects of project management. This paper employs cases of e-Government projects to demonstrate the framework so developed. A classification of such projects based on the mandatory/optional nature of concerned service and the mandatory/optional nature of intermediaries - two important project attributes - has been proposed. We have also demonstrated how this classification can act as a handle for deciding on certain important aspects of project management

Comparison of diagnostic performance of simple international ovarian tumor analysis rules versus subjective pattern recognition for triage of adnexal masses

Background: Accurate and early diagnosis of adnexal masses is essential for optimal clinical decision-making. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance of simple international ovarian tumor analysis (IOTA) rules vs subjective pattern recognition, to discriminate between benign and malignant adnexal mass, and to establish the diagnostic utility of IOTA rules as a standardized examination tool in early diagnosis of ovarian malignancy. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital between November 2017 and March 2019 on 100 women with adnexal masses. All adnexal masses detected on ultrasound were classified according to IOTA rules by the trainee, followed by subjective pattern recognition by experts. These observations were further correlated with histopathology/intraoperative findings/ follow-up examination. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed by comparing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy. Results: Among the 100 patients, 81 had benign, and 19 had malignant masses on final diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy for the detection of malignancy using IOTA rules by trainee were 100%, 95.59%, 81.82%, 100%, and 95.65%, and by subjective evaluation by experts were 100%, 97.5%%, 90.5%, 100%, and 98% respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the diagnostic accuracy of the two methods. Conclusions: Simple IOTA rules are as accurate as subjective evaluation by experts in the characterization of adnexal masses. Their inherent simplicity and reproducibility make them ideal for use by less experienced sonographers

Bilateral reversed palmaris longus muscle with trifid insertion, a rare variation

Normally the palmaris longus muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus from common flexor origin. In the middle of the forearm, the muscle belly forms a tendon which is inserted into the flexor retinaculum and the palmar aponeurosis. In our study after dissection of both forearms of a 45-year-old male cadaver we found a reversed palmaris longus muscle. This means that the palmaris longus muscle was tendinous in its proximal part and muscular in its distal part. The fleshy belly of muscle was passing over flexor retinaculum, was ensheathed by separate fascia. The muscle belly was spreading on both the sides of each palm for insertion which was trifid, that is centrally into palmar aponeurosis, laterally continuous with the fascia covering the thenar muscles and medially with Abductor digit minimi. It was having tendinous interconnection with the muscle mass of both the sides. Bilateral reversed palmaris longus muscle mentioned in the literature, was a surgical finding in a patient who suffered from edema and pain in the wrist. The overuse of the reversed palmaris longus muscle can lead to the muscle’s local hypertrophy. As per the literature a reversed palmaris longus muscle may cause a compartment syndrome with pain and edema in the wrist area, the carpal tunnel syndrome and Guyon’s syndrome. The variation is also useful to the hand surgeon, as the palmaris longus muscle is an anatomical landmark for operations in this area

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of coral reef associated gastropod, Trochus tentorium from Tuticorin coastal waters, Southeastern India

The aim of this work was to investigate extensively, the biomedical potential of the mollusc Trochus tentorium which are abundantly associated with coral reef of the Tuticorin coastal water. The 100% acetone fraction of the gastropod tested for its analgesic effect on Swiss mice model and anti-inflammatory activity on albino rat showed promising results. T. tentorium at the concentration of 25 and 50 mg/kg (p.o) showed significant decrease in the paw thickness (41.15 and 73.6%, respectively) at the 5th hour of the experiment. The 100% column-purified fraction of the T. tentorium (200 mg/kg p.o) exhibited significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of 79.22% against acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions. The dose of 25 mg/kg showed the inhibitions in the writhings of 67.86% (p<0.001) of animals when compared to the standard (diclofenac sodium), and 56.83% (50 mg/kg) inhibition was observed. These facts suggest that T. tentorium is a potential source for anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds.Key words: Analgesic activity, anti-inflammatory activity, mollusc, southeastern India

Survival Outcomes After High-dose Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplantation in the Salvage Setting for Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Cancers

© 2020 The Author(s). The unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium of CGP articles for academic reasons is allowed, provided that the original work is properly cited.Background/Aim: High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and stem cell transplantation (SCT) have been established as the standard of care in patients with relapsed germ cell tumours (GCTs). We evaluated the safety, efficacy and tolerability of HDCT/ SCT in patients with relapsed GCTs. Patients and Methods: Twenty-eight patients with relapsed GCTs, treated with HDCT, were included in this study. The conditioning regime was carboplatin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. Clinical, radiological imaging and tumour markers determined treatment outcomes. Results: Median age was 35 years (range=21-57 years) with 26 males and 2 females. Median time to first relapse was 6 months. Median time to progression after 2nd line chemotherapy was 17.3 months. Fourteen patients had peripheral neurotoxicity (≥Grade 2) (50%), 4 patients developed renal failure, 5 had ototoxicity (≥Grade 2) and 1 patient developed acute myeloid leukaemia. Median survival was 62 months and 16 patients (57%) are in clinical follow-up with surveillance. Conclusion: In relapsed GCT patients, median survival may exceed 5 years post-HDCT and SCT.Peer reviewe

Inhibitive Protection of Low-Carbon Steel in Citric Acid Solutions

An effective mixture has been developed on the basis of the inhibitor IFKhAN-92 and KCNS to protect low-carbon steel in citric acid hot solutions. The proposed mixture inhibits the corrosion of steel in these solutions in a wide range of their concentrations (0.25÷2.0 М) and temperatures (20÷95°С). The effective inhibition of the corrosion of steel by the mixture under study is due to the strong retardation of the metal’s both electrode reaction