Characterization of Bacteriophages of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

Bacteriophages from supernatants of the plant pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (P. tomato) were isolated, enriched, and purified by density block centrifugation in cesium chloride (CsCl) step gradients. The DNA from purified phage was isolated and digested with the restriction endonucleases EcoRl or HindIII. Three different DNA fingerprint patterns were determined indicating 3 unique phage isolates. Genome sizes of the phage ranged from 40 to 52 kilobases (kB). Buoyant densities of phage particles in CsCI varied from 1.36 to 1.51 glml. Electron microscopy revealed a single morphological type with an elongated polyhedral head and a long tail indicating the family Siphovirida

Cluster Farms in Mindanao: Are Smallholder Farmers’ Expectations Being Fulfilled?

Cluster farming means grouping farmers together to consolidate their produce to deliver in bulk, thus saving transportation and transaction costs. As this marketing strategy is an alternative to traditional vegetable marketing practices in the Philippines, there is a need to evaluate the extent to which cluster farming has fulfilled the farmers’ expectations. The results demonstrate that even though farmers may not be financially better off, most of the cluster members’ expectations had been met after joining the cluster

Exciton-photon coupling in a ZnSe based microcavity fabricated using epitaxial liftoff

We report the observation of strong exciton-photon coupling in a ZnSe based microcavity fabricated using epitaxial liftoff. Molecular beam epitaxial grown ZnSe/Zn$_{0.9}$Cd$_{0.1}$Se quantum wells with a one wavelength optical length at the exciton emission were transferred to a SiO$_2$/Ta$_2$O$_5$ mirror with a reflectance of 96% to form finesse matched microcavities. Analysis of our angle resolved transmission spectra reveals key features of the strong coupling regime: anticrossing with a normal mode splitting of $23.6 meV$ at $20 K$; composite evolution of the lower and upper polaritons; and narrowing of the lower polariton linewidth near resonance. The heavy hole exciton oscillator strength per quantum well is also deduced to be $1.78 \times 10^{13} cm^{-2}$.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure

Orientation and Alignment Echoes

We present what is probably the simplest classical system featuring the echo phenomenon - a collection of randomly oriented free rotors with dispersed rotational velocities. Following excitation by a pair of time-delayed impulsive kicks, the mean orientation/alignment of the ensemble exhibits multiple echoes and fractional echoes. We elucidate the mechanism of the echo formation by kick-induced filamentation of phase space, and provide the first experimental demonstration of classical alignment echoes in a thermal gas of CO_2 molecules excited by a pair of femtosecond laser pulses

Interstitial nitrides revisited - a simple synthesis of MxMo3N (M = Fe, Co, Ni)

The efficient synthesis of polycrystalline filled beta-Mn structured Ni2Mo3N, and the eta-carbides Fe3Mo3N and Co3Mo3N, by a single heating of metal powders at 975 ºC under a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is reported. Rietveld analysis of high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data shows that the reduction-nitridation of NiMoO4 produces Ni2Mo3N and nickel; Ni3Mo3N is not obtained in this way and its existence is disproved

Association between Physical Activity and Mortality in Patients with Claudication

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Changes in Circulating Angiogenic Cell Number and Function During and After an Ultramarathon

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Acute Effects of Prolonged Endurance Exercise on Circulating Microparticles

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Hotspots of change in use of public transport to work: A geospatial mixed method study

Introduction: Several studies have supported the role of public transport in encouraging active transport through commuting. Investigating actual increases in public transport use within focussed local areas can help unravel what causes such increases. Methods: In this study, we investigated factors related to the increase in public transport use in focussed local areas (hotspots) through a geospatial mixed-method approach using data from South Western Sydney, Australia, spatial cluster detection, and local stakeholder interviews. We also examined areas with low levels of public transport use. Results: We found that while distance to train station is a significant predictor of usage, other important factors include the professional and socioeconomic profile of the neighbourhood around the train station, the train line's deemed attractiveness and parking availability. Conclusions: Thus, researchers and planners must consider a range of built environment factors when planning for changes that encourage public transport use. In addition, focusing on small local areas utilising geospatial mixed methods can provide important insights into the local drivers of public transport use