Performance of people with diabetes in the labor market: An empirical approach controlling for complications

ABSTRACT: This paper introduces a framework for modelling the impact that diabetes has on employment status and wages, improving the existing literature by controlling for diabetes-related complications. Using the last wave of the Spanish National Health Survey, we find that 1710 adults out of the original sample of 36,087 have diabetes, reporting higher rates of unemployment. Our empirical results suggest that persons with diabetes, compared with non-diabetic persons, have poorer labor outcomes in terms of length of unemployment and lower income. However, diabetes is not significantly associated with unemployment probabilities, suggesting that the burden of diabetes on employment is mediated by lifestyle factors and clinical and functional complications. In addition, there are mixed outcomes to this econometric approach, depending on age and gender, among other factors. This interesting finding has several implications for research and policy on strategies to get lower health inequalities

Socioeconomic differences in the associations between diabetes and hospital admission and mortality among olderadults in Europe

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to explain the trends in socioeconomic inequality and diabetes outcomes in terms of hospital admission and death in old European people. The sample includes 73,301 individuals, across 16 European countries taken from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). People being diagnosed of diabetes were more likely to be admitted to hospital than those without diabetes, although its effect dropped after controlling for clinical and functional complications. Largest asscociations were observed in women, people aged 50?65 years old, with medium educational level and medium household income. Diabetes was significant and positively related to mortality in the whole sample. Diabetes is significantly associated with mortality risk especially in males, oldest old people, low education and medium income people. These findings have important implications for public policies to reduce socioeconomic-related health inequalities

F-theory flux vacua at large complex structure

We compute the flux-induced F-term potential in 4d F-theory compactifications at large complex structure. In this regime, each complex structure field splits as an axionic field plus its saxionic partner, and the classical F-term potential takes the form V = ZABρAρB up to exponentially-suppressed terms, with ρ depending on the fluxes and axions and Z on the saxions. We provide explicit, general expressions for Z and ρ, and from there analyse the set of flux vacua for an arbitrary number of fields. We identify two families of vacua with all complex structure fields fixed and a flux contribution to the tad- pole Nflux which is bounded. In the first and most generic one, the saxion vevs are bounded from above by a power of Nflux. In the second their vevs may be unbounded and Nflux is a product of two arbitrary integers, unlike what is claimed by the Tadpole Conjecture. We specialise to type IIB orientifolds, where both families of vacua are present, and link our analysis with previous results in the literature. We illustrate our findings with several exampl

Have Health Inequalities Increased during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Evidence from Recent Years for Older European Union Citizens

Reducing inequality is one of the current challenges that most societies are facing. Our aim was to analyze the evolution of inequalities in self-assessed health among older Europeans in a time period spanning the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 health crisis. We used data from Waves 2, 4 and 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. We used inequality indices that accept ordinal variables. Our empirical results suggest that average inequality declines over time. Gender significantly influences the results. Some of the countries with the highest level of inequality are Denmark and Sweden, and some with the lowest are Estonia and the Netherlands. Our results may be of interest for the development of public policies to reduce inequalities. Special attention should be paid to vulnerable groups, such as the elderly

A new approach to understanding labour supply of disabled people : The efects of job-type characteristics on participation decisions.

ABSTRACT: The main interest of this article is to propose an individual utility maximization model to explain the low participation of disabled people. We account for heterogeneity of preferences and furthermore time of self-caring for disabled individuals is considered as an argument in the utility function. The hours of work decided by disabled individuals are neither homogeneous (they depend on unknown characteristics) nor continuous (discrete choice sets). We use data of 4790 households from the Spanish Survey of Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency and find association between time of informal care and labour participation and, consequently, the choice between jobs

Gender differences between teachers’ assessments and test based assessments. Evidence from Spain

We study the existence of a gender gap between two methods of grading student achievement in Spain, namely teachers’ assessment which measures cognitive outcomes and standardised test scores, which are consistent across Spanish schools. We use rich census information of Andalusian students attending secondary schools. Our results indicate that overall teachers’ assessment favours girls compared to the result of standardised test scores in reading and maths. On average, girls obtain 0.35 points more than boys in teacher’s assessment on a 1 to 10 scale (0.15 SD), conditional on both having the same competencies. Additionally, we have found that the gender gap is stable across different levels of students’ own ability and peers’ ability. These results are robust to a set of census social characteristics. The presence of grading disparities suggests that test scores could complement teachers’ assessment; specifically, they could be used to inform about the gender gap in assessments.We are grateful to the Consejería de Educación of the Junta de Andalucía for data support. This work has been partly supported by FEDER funding (under Research Project PY20-00228-R); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (under Research Project PID2020-119471RB-I00); the Andalusian Regional Government (SEJ-645)

Estudio para la implementación de modelos de machine learning en los módulos Fischertechnik de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales.

En el presente documento se registran los hallazgos acerca de la implementación de diferentes algoritmos de machine learning como complemento a la metodología STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering , Mathematics) de FischerTechnik, mediante la cual se hace posible simular procesos industriales en un laboratorio o aula de clase a través de módulos de automatización a pequeña escala, se encuentra en esta metodología una ayuda más que suficiente, a la hora de comprobar si la implementación de dichas tecnologías emergentes en el campo de la investigación de operaciones para la optimización de procesos, son realmente aplicables, y esta aplicabilidad es realmente útil..

Estrategia pedagógica fundamentada en el juego para mejorar la coordinación dinámica general en niños y niñas de 3 a 6 años de edad del gimnasio grandes maravillas en educación inicial.

Las prácticas psicomotrices han de conducir al desarrollo integral de los niños y niñas puesto que son un conjunto de técnicas que tienden a influir en el acto intencional o significativo, para estimularlo o modificarlo, utilizando como mediadores la actividad corporal y su expresión simbólica. Se aborda el tema debido a la problemática observada en los niños y niñas de 3 a 6 años de los niveles de Pre jardín, Jardín A y Jardín B, del Gimnasio Grandes Maravillas, a quienes se les trabaja poco la psicomotricidad, porque carecían de un docente del área de educación física, pues no tenían y no tienen en cuenta que el desarrollo de habilidades, destrezas y procesos cognitivos van ligados al desarrollo multidimensional del niño y la niña. A través de la observación directa durante los días de práctica, se puedo establecer que dichos niños y niñas presentaban dificultades en el desarrollo de su coordinación dinámica general, puesto que no tenían control de su cuerpo, no sabían ubicarse en el tiempo ni en el espacio, obstaculizando con esto sus desplazamientos tales como correr, caminar en línea recta, llevar objetos de un lado a otro, se caían con facilidad, no lanzaban y recibían objetos en forma adecuada ya que al jugar con una pelota la dejan pasar sin poderla agarrar o patear; se les dificulta saltar y para hacerlo únicamente levantan el talón y lo dejan caer fuertemente, evidenciándose el bajo desarrollo psicomotor en que se encuentran. Lo descrito anteriormente no favorecía su desarrollo integral y no les aportaban situaciones significativas a sus procesos de aprendizaje. Con la implementación de las dieciocho actividades que se diseñaron e implementaron dentro de la estrategia pedagógica basada en el juego, los directivos, docentes, padres y madres de familia del Gimnasio Grandes Maravillas, comprendieron la necesidad de fortalecer el desarrollo psicomotriz de sus estudiantes a través de la educación física, recreación y deporte, para lo cual deben contar con un docente especializado para que de manera pedagógica y didáctica planee y desarrolle actividades acordes a edad, etapa de desarrollo, necesidades e intereses de los niños y niñas, que les conduzca a un desarrollo integral. De igual forma los niños y niñas mejoraron su coordinación dinámica general, con un dominio cognitivo del espacio, y los elementos que entran en juego ya que hace referencia a los movimientos que para ser ejecutados implican dos partes del cuerpo en lo que se involucran la percepción visual y una de las partes del cuerpo, como pueden ser ojo – mano, ojo – pie, interactuando y modificando su entorno para poder adaptarse a él