The relation between SAR and the electromagnetic field distribution for heterogeneous exposure conditions

C

Invertibility Conditions for Floating-Point Formulae

Automated reasoning procedures are essential for a number of applications that involve bit-exact floating-point computations. This paper presents conditions that characterize when a variable in a floating-point constraint has a solution, which we call invertibility conditions. We describe a novel workflow that combines human interaction and a syntax-guided synthesis (SyGuS) solver that was used for discovering these conditions. We verify our conditions for several floating-point formats. One implication of this result is that a fragment of floating-point arithmetic admits compact quantifier elimination. We implement our invertibility conditions in a prototype extension of our solver CVC4, showing their usefulness for solving quantified constraints over floating-points

Phase imaging with intermodulation atomic force microscopy

Intermodulation atomic force microscopy (IMAFM) is a dynamic mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with two-tone excitation. The oscillating AFM cantilever in close proximity to a surface experiences the nonlinear tip-sample force which mixes the drive tones and generates new frequency components in the cantilever response known as intermodulation products (IMPs). We present a procedure for extracting the phase at each IMP and demonstrate phase images made by recording this phase while scanning. Amplitude and phase images at intermodulation frequencies exhibit enhanced topographic and material contrast.Comment: 6 pages, 6 page

Validity-Guided Synthesis of Reactive Systems from Assume-Guarantee Contracts

Automated synthesis of reactive systems from specifications has been a topic of research for decades. Recently, a variety of approaches have been proposed to extend synthesis of reactive systems from proposi- tional specifications towards specifications over rich theories. We propose a novel, completely automated approach to program synthesis which reduces the problem to deciding the validity of a set of forall-exists formulas. In spirit of IC3 / PDR, our problem space is recursively refined by blocking out regions of unsafe states, aiming to discover a fixpoint that describes safe reactions. If such a fixpoint is found, we construct a witness that is directly translated into an implementation. We implemented the algorithm on top of the JKind model checker, and exercised it against contracts written using the Lustre specification language. Experimental results show how the new algorithm outperforms JKinds already existing synthesis procedure based on k-induction and addresses soundness issues in the k-inductive approach with respect to unrealizable results.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Effect of proline pretreatment on grapevine shoot-tip response to a droplet-vitrification protocol

Equipe DAVEM = Diversité et Adaptation de la Vigne et des Espèces MéditerranéennesProline has been shown to accumulate in plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Exogenous proline has thus been used for improving some plant cryopreservation protocols. Further enhancement of cryopreservation efficiency for in vitro grapevines could be expected if stresses linked to cryopreservation procedures could be reduced. We therefore studied the possible beneficial effect of proline in grapevine cryopreservation. Single-node explants from in vitro grown grapevine plantlets (Vitis vinifera L. cv Portan) were cultured on shooting media (half-strength MS + 1 μM BAP) con- taining no proline (control) or 50, 500, or 2000 μM filter-sterilized L-proline. Shoot tips excised from these micro- shoots were subjected to a PVS2-based droplet-vitrification procedure. Control and rewarmed explants were grown on a recovery medium containing 1 μM BAP. Shoot development on control medium and lower proline concentrations did not notably differ whereas the highest concentration of proline inhibited shoot development. Carry-over effects were observed since lower survival and regrowth were obtained both for non-frozen or LN-treated explants excised from micro-shoots obtained on the 2000 μM proline medium. No significant differences in survival and regrowth were ob- served for non-frozen explants subjected to pretreatment without LN exposure. A slightly enhancing effect (although non-significant) on post-cryopreservation survival was observed for explants derived from shoots developed on 50 or 500 μM proline, but no significant improvement of regrowth percentage was observed for these two conditions. Al- though a slight increase in survival could be observed, no significant beneficial effect of proline pretreatment on post- cryoconservation regrowth could be evidenced in our conditions. However, the 2-week period before explant excision could have allowed at least partial metabolism and catabolism of exogenous proline; the results observed could thus have been the consequence of complex interactions. Shorter proline treatments applied closer to the actual LN exposure step might produce different results and allow for clearer interpretation

Annual biological cycle of grapevine

Poznavanje godišnjeg biološkog ciklusa vinove loze tj. fenologije važno je kako bismo mogli u pravo vrijeme provoditi različite ampelotehničke zahvate kojima možemo bitno utjecati na uspješnost vinogradarske proizvodnje. Osim ovoga bitno je i za provođenje ostalih zahvata u vinogradu kao što su zaštita i gnojidba. Kako se sorte bitno razlikuju u trajanju pojedinih fenofaza kao i okolinskih uvjeta potrebnih za njihov početak i optimalno odvijanje izbor sorte prikladne za određeno područje prvenstveno se bazira na njenoj fenologiji.It is important to be familiar with annual biological cycle of grapevine, i.e. phenology in order to be able to conduct timely different ampelotechnical measures which can significantly affect the success of winegrowing industry. Except for this, it is also important for conducting other interventions in vineyards, such as protection and fertilization. As varieties differ significantly in duration of certain phenophases as well as in environmental conditions necessary for their beginning and optimal development, the choice of variety appropriate for a certain area is based primarily on its phenology

Le elezioni amministrative del 13 ottobre 2019 in Ungheria. Il Fidesz vince nella provincia ma perde Budapest: è sfida aperta per le politiche del 2022

On October 13, local elections were held in Hungary and the political outcome is mixed. Fidesz strengthens its consensus throughout the nation, however, opposition parties celebrate a stunning victory in Budapest and in many other cities. Opposition parties united behind a single candidate in almost every riding in order to defeat Fidesz candidates. Prime Minister Viktor Orbán is called upon not to ignore the message the voters have sent. The local elections were a test of the opposition’s political competitiveness before the 2022 general elections. Despite Viktor Orbán’s landslide victories in the 2018 Hungarian and 2019 European elections, a future win is not a given. Fidesz is no longer invincible.On October 13, local elections were held in Hungary and the political outcome is mixed. Fidesz strengthens its consensus throughout the nation, however, opposition parties celebrate a stunning victory in Budapest and in many other cities. Opposition parties united behind a single candidate in almost every riding in order to defeat Fidesz candidates. Prime Minister Viktor Orbán is called upon not to ignore the message the voters have sent. The local elections were a test of the opposition’s political competitiveness before the 2022 general elections. Despite Viktor Orbán’s landslide victories in the 2018 Hungarian and 2019 European elections, a future win is not a given. Fidesz is no longer invincible